Angioma serpiginosum is a rare acquired naevoid disorder, characterized by minute red or purple punta that are frequently arranged in serpiginous patterns in the lower extremities and buttocks. It usually begins in childhood and is more common in females. Histopathologically, thin-walled capillaries in the dermal papillae and the superficial reticular dermis are widely dilated without extravasation of red blood cells. We report a case of angioma serpiginosum on the lateral aspect of the right arm along the lines of Blaschko in a 36-year-old woman.
Adult ; Arm ; Buttocks ; Capillaries ; Dermis ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Lower Extremity

BACKGROUND: Drug reactions are common problems in hospital inpatients and outpatients. Reliable diagnosis is essential but often difficult. OBJECTIVE: This study attempts to define the clinical features and causative drugs in the patients with drug eruptions, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of skin tests. METHODS: Sixty one patients with drug eruptions were reviewed clinically. In 18 patients, patch and prick tests were performed using suspected drugs. RESULTS: 1. The highest incidence of drug eruptions was observed in the third and forth decades(44.2%) and there was no sexual prodominence. 2. The most frequent latent peroid was 4 hours to 1 week(49.2%). 3. The common morphological features were exanthematous eruptions(57.3%), urticaria(14.8%) and fixed drug eruptoins(11.5%). 4. The major causative drugs were antibiotics(cephalosporin, ampicillin), antipyretics/anti-inflammatory analgesics(aspirin, piroxicam) and CNS depressants(diphenylhydantoin). 5. Clinical manifestations according to possible causative drugs were as follows; exanthematous eruptions by antibiotics, antipyretics/analgesics, herbs, CNS depressants, propylthiouracil and captopril; urticaria by antibiotics and herbs; fixed drug eruption by sulfonamide, antipyretics/analgesics and phenobarbital; acneiform eruptions by diphenylhydantoin and isoniazid; Stevens-Johnson syndrome by ampicillin, sulfonamide, aspirin and piroxicam, erythema nodosum by sulfonamide, and lichenoid drug eruptions by propylthiouracil. 6. Positivity to patch and prick tests was shown in 2 of the 18 patients and in 1 of 18 patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent clinical feature of the drug eruptions were exanthematous in nature and the most common causative drugs were antibiotics, as suspected. To search for the causative drug of the drug eruption, the only usual methods of patch and prick tests were not sufficient in our study.
Acneiform Eruptions ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aspirin ; Captopril ; Central Nervous System Depressants ; Diagnosis ; Drug Eruptions* ; Erythema Nodosum ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Isoniazid ; Outpatients ; Patch Tests ; Phenobarbital ; Phenytoin ; Piroxicam ; Propylthiouracil ; Skin Tests* ; Skin* ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ; Urticaria

PURPOSE: Birth rate of preterm twins has gradually increased recently, and preterm twins have higher morbidity and higher mortality compared with term twins. Hence, we carried out the study to find out whether there were differences in mortality and morbidity according to birth order. METHODS: We examined the medical records of premature babies, who were born under 37 weeks of gestational age from January, 2004 to December, 2009. Among 226 twins (113 pairs),we compared the following parameters between the first-born twins and the second-born twins: birth weight, Apgar score at 1 & 5 minutes, days of ventilator use, days of total oxygenation use, hemoglobin after birth, maximum total bilirubin within 4 weeks, mortality, and morbidities including transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), brain white matter disease (WMD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and sepsis. RESULTS: There were no difference between birth weight, Apgar score at 1 & 5 minute, duration of ventilator use, duration of total oxygenation use, hemoglobin after the birth, maximum total bilirubin and morbidities. Moreover, there were no statistical differences in mortality between the first twin and the second (3.5% vs. 4.4%, P=0.734). Subdivided into preterm twins less than 32 weeks of gestational age, mortalities were 13.3% vs. 16.7% (P=0.718). There were no differences in morbidity and other factors between two groups. CONCLUSION: According to our study, there were no notable statistical differences in mortality and morbidity based on birth order of preterm twins. However, larger studies are necessary.
Apgar Score ; Bilirubin ; Birth Order ; Birth Rate ; Birth Weight ; Brain ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Cesarean Section ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukoencephalopathies ; Medical Records ; Oxygen ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn ; Twins ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: To investigate retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using swept source (SS)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) in healthy Koreans and to evaluate the effects of age on the distributional variability of thickness. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 309 normal eyes presenting for examination of peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness measured by SS-OCT (DRI OCT-1, Atlantis SS-OCT, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) from July 2014 to February 2016. The patients were between the ages of 20 and 79 without systemic or ocular disease. The patients were divided into 3 age groups of 20 to 39 years (85 eyes), 40 to 59 years (140 eyes), and 60 to 79 years (84 eyes). The groups were matched based on average RNFL thickness and quadrant and 12 o'clock position RNFL thickness. RESULTS: The average RNFL thickness of the inferior quadrant was the thickest of the layers and revealed a bimodal distribution. In the three groups, the thicknesses of the average RNFL, quadrant, and 12 o'clock RNFL decreased with age. There was significant difference in the measurements (p < 0.05) of quadrant RNFL thickness except that in the nasal quadrant (p = 0.068). CONCLUSIONS: The thickness of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer measured by SS-OCT differs according to age and analysis of normal values by age can be useful in the diagnosis of disease.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nerve Fibers* ; Reference Values ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence*

PURPOSE: To investigate retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using swept source (SS)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) in healthy Koreans and to evaluate the effects of age on the distributional variability of thickness. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 309 normal eyes presenting for examination of peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness measured by SS-OCT (DRI OCT-1, Atlantis SS-OCT, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) from July 2014 to February 2016. The patients were between the ages of 20 and 79 without systemic or ocular disease. The patients were divided into 3 age groups of 20 to 39 years (85 eyes), 40 to 59 years (140 eyes), and 60 to 79 years (84 eyes). The groups were matched based on average RNFL thickness and quadrant and 12 o'clock position RNFL thickness. RESULTS: The average RNFL thickness of the inferior quadrant was the thickest of the layers and revealed a bimodal distribution. In the three groups, the thicknesses of the average RNFL, quadrant, and 12 o'clock RNFL decreased with age. There was significant difference in the measurements (p < 0.05) of quadrant RNFL thickness except that in the nasal quadrant (p = 0.068). CONCLUSIONS: The thickness of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer measured by SS-OCT differs according to age and analysis of normal values by age can be useful in the diagnosis of disease.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nerve Fibers* ; Reference Values ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence*

PURPOSE: To compare the growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm twins conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) with those naturally conceived. METHODS: We reviewed the electronic medical records of 64 children assessed by K-ASQ (Korean ages & stages questionnaires) at 18 month or 24 month of corrected age. Physical growth was evaluated by Z-scores of weight, length and head circumference at 12 months and 24 months. RESULTS: Thirty eight (59.4%) preterm twins were the in vitro fertilization group and 26 (40.6%) preterm twins were in the natural conception group. Significantly higher rate of monochorionicity and small for gestational age were detected in the natural conception group (P value=0.001, P value=0.025, respectively). Z scores of weight, length and head circumference were calculated in 56 (87.5%) infants and 51 (79.7%) infants at 12 months and 24 months, respectively. Physical growth did not differ between the two groups. Fifty nine (92.2%) and 40 (65.2%) preterm twins were assessed by K-ASQ at 18 months and 24 months, respectively. There were no significant differences in the rates of cases scored less than -2 standard deviation below the mean in K-ASQ between the IVF and natural conception groups. CONCLUSION: Growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm twins conceived by IVF were comparable with that of naturally conceived preterm twins.
Child ; Electronic Health Records ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gestational Age ; Head ; Humans ; Infant ; Twins

Sclerostin (SOST), a regulator of bone formation in osteocytes, inhibits the canonical Wnt signaling by interacting with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) to prevent Wnt binding. Loss-of-function mutations of the SOST gene caused massive bone outgrowth and SOST-null mouse exhibited a high bone density phenotype. Therefore, SOST has been suggested as a promising therapeutic target for osteoporosis. A few previous studies with X-ray crystallography identified the binding interfaces between LRP6 and SOST, but there are limitations in these studies as they used truncated SOST protein or SOST peptide. Here, we analyzed the conformational dynamics of SOST-LRP6 E1E2 complex using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). We examined the effect of the C-terminal tail of SOST on LRP6 conformation upon complex formation. HDXMS analysis suggested a new potential binding interface for the C-terminal region of SOST that was missing from the previous crystal structure of the SOST-LRP6 E1E2 complex.

Sclerostin (SOST), a regulator of bone formation in osteocytes, inhibits the canonical Wnt signaling by interacting with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) to prevent Wnt binding. Loss-of-function mutations of the SOST gene caused massive bone outgrowth and SOST-null mouse exhibited a high bone density phenotype. Therefore, SOST has been suggested as a promising therapeutic target for osteoporosis. A few previous studies with X-ray crystallography identified the binding interfaces between LRP6 and SOST, but there are limitations in these studies as they used truncated SOST protein or SOST peptide. Here, we analyzed the conformational dynamics of SOST-LRP6 E1E2 complex using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). We examined the effect of the C-terminal tail of SOST on LRP6 conformation upon complex formation. HDXMS analysis suggested a new potential binding interface for the C-terminal region of SOST that was missing from the previous crystal structure of the SOST-LRP6 E1E2 complex.

no abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Much time and cost have been consumed for just a treatment of a simple disease and inappropriate management has taken place because of misjudgement by laymen. To establish a desirable health care system, need for the usual-medical-provider system (U.MP. system) has been suggested. This study was performed to find some data that would be helpful to establish the U.MP. system by surveying some factors influencing on choosing care providers of children. METHODS: 440 questionnaires were gathered from surveys administered to the parents of the students in a primary school. The period for study was 1 week of September in 1999 and the response rate was 88.0%. The questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic variables, a question for having U.MP. and some factors related with choosing U.MP. RESULTS: The fourth and fifth decade of age showed higher proportion for having U.MP. than sixth decade. The proportion of having U.MP. was also higher in respondents with higher educational attainment and higher income. The proportion of visiting local clinics or hospitals was about 65.7% in groups having U.MP., whereas the proportion was about 41.5% in group not having U.MP., The frequency of visiting local clinics or hospitals for a year was higher for groups having U.MP., compared with groups not having U.MP.. The factors related with choosing U.MP. were `doctors who explain the disease in detail and easily', `doctors who provide care meticulously', and `effective treatment'. CONCLUSION: To establish the U.MP. system, a kinder attitude and care would be necessary for doctors who will provide care to the patients and their family.
Child ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Parents