Objective　To investigate the expression and clinical significance of α2-macroglobulin (α2MG) in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenia patients after cerebral infarction.Methods　One hundred and thirty-six psychotic disorder patients were selected from March 2015 to March 2019,including 53 patients with traumatic cerebral infarction (cerebral infarction group) and 83 patients with non-cerebral infarction (non cerebral infarction group).The levels of α2MG,interleukin-6 (IL-6),C-reactive protein (CRP),immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement C3 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),the correlations between α2MG and IL-6,CRP,IgM,C3 were analyzed;and the ROC curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of serum α2MG level in schizophrenia after cerebral infarction.Results　The levels of α2MG,IL-6,CRP,C3 and IgM in cerebrospinal fluid of patients in cerebral infarction group were higher than those of patients in non-cerebral infarction group (P<0.05).Pearson analysis showed that the levels of α2MG in cerebrospinal fluid were positively correlated with the levels of IL-6,CRP,C3 and IgM (r=0.413,P=0.002;r=0.553,P=0.000;r=0.613,P=0.000;r=0.512,P=0.000).ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of α2MG level in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of psychotic disorder after cerebral infarction was 0.897,the cutoff value was 1.968 μg/ml,the sensitivity was 83.0%,the specificity was 94.0%,and the 95% CI was 0.828~0.967.Conclusion　The levels of α2MG in cerebrospinal fluid of psychotic disorder patients after cerebral infarction rises,which has certain clinical significance for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction psychotic disorder.

This paper discusses variations of laparoscopic transgastric cystogastrostomy in management of retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts for 8 patients with symptom or pseudocysts (larger than 6 cm) companied with clinical manifestations.Using a Harmonic scalpel,two 3-5-cm incisions were made in the anterior and posterior gastric wall respectively.In the last step,the anterior gastrotomy was closed with an Endo-GIA stapler.All cases were successfully treated without large blood loss and without conversion to open surgery.The mean operative time was 114.29±19.24 min,blood loss was 157.14±78.70 mL,and mean hospital stay was 8.29±2.98 days,Gastric fistula occurred in one case on the postoperative day 7,and closed 1 month later.No bleeding was seen in all patients during the perioperative follow-up period.CT scans,given one month after the surgeries,displayed that the pancreatic pseudocysts disappeared or decreased in size,and ultrasounds showed no fluid or food residue in stomas at the third and fifth month following surgery.No patient experienced a recurrence during the follow-up period.Transgastric laparoscopic cystogastrostomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure with a high rate of success and a low rate of recurrence,accompanied by rapid recovery.It is easy to master,safe to perform and may be the preferred option to treat retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical significance of breast duct endoscope for plasma cell mastitis.

METHODSBreast duct endoscope was performed on 250 patients with nipple discharge. The characters of 95 cases of plasma cell mastitis under the breast duct endoscope were analyzed and studied.

RESULTSAmong the 95 cases with plasma cell mastitis, 21 were in type I, 43 in type II, 18 in type III and 13 in type IV. Eighty-three cases were treated with no-operation treatment, and 45 completely released, 38 partly released. There were 5 cases with middle to serious atypical hyperplasia in 12 cases treated with operation, that were all confirmed by pathological examination.

CONCLUSIONIn patients with plasma cell mastitis, clear diagnosis can be made through breast duct endoscope, and the breast duct with lesions could be positioned. It is a necessary assistant method for patients to avoid biopsy or decrease the biopsy range.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast ; pathology ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Mastitis ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Plasma Cells ; pathology

Aged ; Bile Ducts ; pathology ; Cholangitis ; complications ; Humans ; Jaundice ; complications ; Male

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the changes in the expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and the alterations of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in atrial endocardium in atrial fibrillation (AF) in order to investigate the mechanisms that contribute to thrombosis.

METHODSIn canine AF was produced with rapid atrial pacing at 400 bpm for 6 weeks, whereas the controls had no atrial pacing. NO production was measured by NO-specific microelectrode. The expression of endocardial eNOS and PAI-1 protein were determined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical Staining. Plasma levels of PAI-1 were analysed by Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay.

RESULTSLeft atrial NO concentration was decreased in AF than that in controls [(23.4 +/- 5.8)nmol/L vs (63.8 +/- 16.1)nmol/L, P < 0.01]. Endocardial eNOS expression was also significantly decreased (855 +/- 217 vs 2320 +/- 694, P < 0.05), whereas the expression of the PAI-1 was increased (3164 +/- 827 vs 1371 +/- 352, P < 0.01). Neither NO concentration, nor PAI-1, eNOS expression were altered in the right atria at the same time. A significant increase for plasma levels of PAI-1 was also detected in AF group. No correlation was found between eNOS and PAI-1 protein expression (r = 0.217, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn the canine model AF was associated with a marked decrease in endocardial NOS expression and NO concentration and with an increase in PAI-1 expression in the left atrium, which may contribute to the thrombosis in AF.

Animals ; Atrial Fibrillation ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; metabolism ; Thrombosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology

Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; Genetic Therapy ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; genetics ; Transfection

AIM:To explore the role of Sirt1/eNOS signalling pathway in the protective effect of hydrogen sul-phide(H2S)against endothelial cell senescence induced by high glucose.METHODS:High glucose(33 mmol/L)was applied to induce senescence in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).The cell viability,the propor-tion of senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal)positive cells and the plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1) expression were detected to assess the senescence model.Mean while,Sirt1 siRNA was used to examine the effect of Sirt 1 on eNOS expression and the senescence-related parameters.RESULTS: Treatment of HUVECs with high glucose de-creased the cell viability slowly with a larger proportion of the cells stained with SA-β-Gal, and the protein expression of PAI-1 was dramatically increased.The increased cell viability,reduced SA-β-Gal positive cells and decreased protein ex-pression of PAI-1 were detected after sodium hydrosulfide(NaHS,100 μmol/L)treatment.Furthermore,NaHS treatment upregulated the protein expression of Sirt 1 and eNOS,and eventually increased the production of nitric oxide(NO).CON-CLUSION:Exogenous H2S modulates Sirt1/eNOS/NO pathway to prevent HUVECs against high glucose-induced senes-cence.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of early fungal infection in the patients after allograft liver transplantation. Methods We have retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 19 patients with fungal infection in perioperative stage of liver allograft transplantation, analyzed pathogenic characteristics and related risk factors of fungal infection in patients. Results In our research, perioperative fungal infection rate of allograft liver transplantation was 6. 4％ (19 cases/298 cases) . All of fungal infection patients were single fungal infection, including 4 cases of pulmonary fungal infection and 15 cases of abdominal fungal infection. The most common pathogenic bacterias of fungal infection were Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata. Multivariate analysis showed that model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and acute rejection were independent risk factors of fungal infection (all P < 0. 05) . Conclusion Fungal infection is a common complication after allograft liver transplantation. MELD score and acute rejection may be the independent risk factors of fungal infection.