According to the survery and analysis on 611 persons, we find that difference between age and education level can have great influence to the realization and procedure of euthanasia. With the growing of the age, the opposed rate to the euthanasia is increased. And with the improving of the education level, the supportive rate is also increased.

Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Carcinoma/surgery* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

To investigate the effects of the free radical, 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picylhydrazyl, on cochlear blood flow, 20 guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups at random, 6 for control group, 6 for 1 mmol/L group and 8 for 0.1 mmol/L group. 2 microliters vehicle or drugs were dropped into round window membrane (RWM). Cochlear microcirculation was monitored by laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF), and mean arterial blood flow (MABP), which was transferred by pressure conductor sensor and preamplifier, was simultaneously recorded on the computer. Our results showed that MABP was stable throughout the experiment. Cochlear blood flow (CBF) increased by 10.32% (P < 0.05) in 1 mmol/L group, and decreased by 4.89% in 0.1 mmol/L group (P < 0.05). In control group cochlear microcirculation showed no significant changes. It is concluded that DPPH exerted effects on cochlear microcirculation.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Cochlea/*blood supply ; Free Radicals/pharmacology ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Picrates/*pharmacology ; Random Allocation

Objective:To investigate the generative or regenerative hair cell and studes of molecular and genetic in the inner ear,the long-term culture systems of utricular sensory epithelial cell of the rats were established.Method:Utricular sensory epithelial of postnatal day 1 rats was isolated by mechanical dissociation.The explants were digested by thermolysin,then transfrred to an aliquot containing trypsin and collagenase for incubation to harvest the pure utricular sensory epithelial cell. USEC wes cultured in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium(DMEM) and passaged.USEC of the 25 passages observed by inverted microscope and ultrastrctural examination with transmission electron microscope.Immunocytochemical method with cytokeratin 18 ,vimentin,Brn3.a and Calretinin; reverse transcription PCR with mRNA of AchRa9 and Myosin Ⅶa.The markers of hair cells were used identify the characteriztion of USEC of the 25 passages.Result:USEC have been cultured for more than 6 months and passaged 25 passages.USEC of the 25 passages showed a large,flat,polygonal epichlial morphotype with big,round neuclei.The cells grew into monolayer,cobblestone-likeappearance and showed Dome formation. The cells expressed cytokeratin 18 , not expressed vimentin,has rich microvilli and complex tight junction,which indicated the epithlial origination of USEC.Coexpressed of the hair cell characteristic markers Brn3.a,Calretinin and mRNA of AchRa9,Myosin Ⅶa was identified the culture cell that may represent rat progenitor hair cell.Conclusion:The long-term culture systems of utricular sensory epithelial cell of the rats were successfully established. The long-term culture USEC coexpressed the characteristic markers of the hair cell ,which identified the culture cell may represent progenitor cell of rats hair cell .It may provide valuable cell sources for in-depth investigation the mechanisms of hair cell generation or regeneration and studes of molecular and genetic in the inner ear.

Objective To study the changes of cell motility of outer hair cells in the cochlear of guinea pigs under treatment of sodium nitroprusside(SNP). Methods By using the whole cell patch clamp recording technique in normal external and internal cell solution, the cell motility of outer hair cells under stimulation of voltage was observed in different concentration of SNP. Results Sodium nitroprusside apparently inhibited outer hair cells' motility when SNP concentration was higher than 100 ?Mol/L ( P

Objective To observe the speech development in monosyllables from Chinese children so as to establish references in the provision of rehabilitation to hearing impaired children.To study any causal relations of monosyllable production and the age factor,and the difference of these words.Methods 2 029 children of the ages from 3 year and 3 months to 6 year and 2 months were studied after they were divided into three age groups.Speech material consisted of 945 commonly used Chinese monosyllables.Each word was used for each test to 50 children or greater for each group.Results The percentage of correctly repeated words was within the rang of 0.76～1(median=0.97)in the young group,0.42～1(median=0.95)for the younger group and 0.40～1(median=0.94)for the youngest group.Statistically significant differences were found between each age(P

Objective To observe the expression of gamma-amino butyric acid A receptor(GABAA receptor)?3、?1、? subunits in rat flocculus following unilateral labyrinthectomy(UL).Methods 24 wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups.18 animals received unilateral labyrinthectomy while the others maintained labyrinthine well.After removing left labyrinthine,the change of GABAA receptor ?3、?1、? subunits was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results GABAA receptor ?1、? subunits in flocculus was induced on the operated side after unilateral labyrinthectomy.The most expression was on the 1st day flocculus of following UL.The expression is descending from the 3rd day to 7th day flocculus of following UL.The GABAA receptor ?3 subunit immunostaining in flocculus was weak and did not change in the process of vestibular compensation.Conclusion GABAA receptor ?1、? subunits were induced increase in the flocculus after unilateral labyrinthectomy.The alteration in the resting discharge of the central vestibular neurons may be caused by the increase of GABAA receptor ?1、? subunits in the flocculus.But the significance of the change of GABAA receptor ?1、? subunits in the vestibular compensation is still unknown.Our study suggests that GABAA receptor ?3 subunits may not participate in constructing GABAA receptor in the flocculus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of canalith repositioning procedure(CRP)on the postural stability in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the posterior semicircular canal(BPPV-PSC).METHODS 25 patients with BPPV-PSC were taken the posturography before and after the CRP.The posturography test has four conditions including①firm surface with eyes open(EO);②firm surface with eyes closed(EC);③foam surface with EO;④foam surface with EO.The body sway velocity(SV)recorded by the posturography was analyzed as parameter of postural stability.The postural stability of the patients with BPPV-PSC was compared with that of the matched control group.RESULTS ①The SVs of the BPPV-PSC patients before the CRP were greater than those of control group(P

Objective To observe the effect of furosemide on stria vascularis cultivated in vitro from guinea pig, to explore the probable mechanism of furosemide ototoxicity.Methods 20 healthy pigmented guinea pigs was randomly divided into two groups: Furosemide group (n=16), control group (n=4). The stria vascularis explant were cultured for 24 hours using the explant-culture technique. Experimental groups were added into imediately different final concentration of Furosemide (60ug/ml?300ug/ml?600ug/ml?1250ug/ml?2500ug/ml) differently, and continuously cultivated 30 minutes or 90 minutes , then observed structure feature of the cultivated stria vascularis .Results Furosemide group did not show pathological changes such as edema of stria vascularis,shrinkage of the intermediate cells and enlargement of intercellular spaces. No significant changes were found in the stria vascularis structure features between furosemide group and control group. Conclusion Furosemide did not induce remarkable edema on cultivated stria vascularis from guinea pig.These findings suggested that furosemide might induce ototoxicity by indirect mechanism.

Objective To probe the method of dissociating isolated Deiters cells of cochlear and its judging criterion for living Deiters cells.Methods Deiters cells were dissociated from guinea pig cochlea separately by collagenase,papain,trysin digestion followed by trituation.After that ,the Deiters cells were observed and counted.Results Isolated Deiters cell looked like a comma, which was divided into cell body, stem and Deiters phalanx. About 20 to 32 isolated Deiters cells were obtained from every two cochleae.The membrane was smooth and the birefringence existed; the position of the nucleus was normal; full phalanx and no particles with Brownian movement.Conclusion Substantial sum of Deiters cell with sound vitality can be obtained by all three enzymes digestion followed trituation;The criterion used is reliable.