Objective To study the effect of family integrated care (FIC) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the development of preterm infants at 18 months of age.Method This is a prospective parallel case-control study.Infants in FIC group were preterm infants enrolled in previous FIC study with gestational age (GA) 28-35 weeks.Study period was from July 2015 to July 2016.Subjects were all enrolled from Department of Child Healthcare in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.Infants in control group were gender,birth weight (BW),BW percentile and days of life (DOL) at follow up matched (1:1 ratio) preterm infants who did not enter FIC in NICU.The age at follow-up was 18 months.Study parameters were maternal education year,socioeconomic status (SES) by Graffar method,home observation for measurement of the environment (HOME),mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) by mental and psychomotor Bayley scales of infant development (BSID).SPSS 20.0 of x2 test,t test,Pearson coefficient test and Spearman coefficient test were used for the statistical analysis.Result Totally 67 infants were enrolled in each of FIC group and control group,with percentage of male gender 52％ (35 infants) and 51％ (34 infants),representatively.GA of FIC group and control group was (32.4 ± 1.7) and (32.2 ± 1.6) weeks,BW was (1 690 ±415) and (1 719 ± 412) g.Weight at 18 months follow-up was (10 ± 1) and (10 ± 1) kg,maternal education year was (15 ± 2) and (15 ±2) years,SES was (42 ±6) and (41 ±6) score,HOME was (31 ±5) and (32 ±5) score,representatively.There was no significant difference between FIC group and control group in the above parameters,making these 2 groups comparable.The MDI and PDI of FIC group were significantly higher than those of control group ((95 ± 9) vs.(86 ± 9),(87 ± 9) vs.(80 ± 8) score,t =5.506,4.502,both P =0.000).The MDI and PDI of all groups were positively correlated to GA (r =0.398 and 0.272,P =0.000 and 0.001),but the difference of MDI or PDI between FIC group and control group was not related to GA (r =0.679 and-0.393,P =0.094 and O.383).Conclusion FIC in NICU is beneficial to the development of preterm infants at 18 months of age.It is worthwhile to promote FIC in NICU in China.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-TRC-14004736

Objective To understand the influence of family integrated care (FICare) model to the human breastfeeding rate of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).Method It is a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trail for intervention and prognosis.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,preterm infants with gestation age 28 ～ 35 weeks in 9 NICUs of tertiary hospitals in 8 provinces in China were enrolled and divided into FICare and control group.Mothers of FICare infants were invited to stay in NICU ward at bedside for no less than 3 hours per day.Under the supervision of nurses,FICare infants'mothers complete 13 items of infants'caring skills including Six-step Hand Washing and hand hygiene,positioning the baby,changing diapers and estimating urine output,skin and mouth caring,kangaroo care and so on.The primary outcome is the human breastfeeding rate.Secondary outcomes include feeding parameters and FICare-related parameters.SPSS 20.0 software is used for the data analysis.Result (1) There were 212 infants and 215 infants enrolled in FICare group and control group,respectively.There was no significant difference between 2 groups in gender,gestational age,birth weight (BW),Z-score of BW,singleton percentage,antenatal steroid completion,diagnosis,day of life (DOL) for starting feeds (P ＞ 0.05).(2) There was no significant difference between 2 groups in DOL for full feeding (P ＞ 0.05).The median age of starting breastfed in both groups was DOL 4.There were 202 cases (87.3％) in FICare group and 80 cases (34.9％) in control group be successfully breastfed.The rate of formula feeding,incidence of nosocomial infection,DOL for regaining BW,decrease of BW AZ score in FICare group was significantly lower than the control group,and the weight gain velocity after regaining BW in FICare group was significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The implementation of FICare and completion of antenatal steroid were the independent protective factors for breastfeeding (OR =27.703,95％ CI 14.531 ～ 52.816;OR =9.496,95％ CI 4.768 ～ 18.912),while nosocomial infection and delayed DOL for starting breastfeeding were the independent risk factors for breastfeeding (OR =0.380,95％CI 0.182 ～0.795;OR =0.847,95％ CI 0.734 ～0.977).Conclusion FICare is significantly beneficial to the breastfeeding rate of preterm infants in NICUs.FICare may decrease the severity of extrauterine growth retardation.