Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fenestration, Labyrinth ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of glomuvenous malformation (GVM). Methods: Thirty-one cases of GVM diagnosed at the Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2011 to December 2021 were collected. Their clinical and pathological features were analyzed. The expression of relevant markers was examined using immunohistochemistry. The patients were also followed up. Results: There were 16 males and 15 females in this study, with an average age of 11 years (range, 1-52 years). The locations of the disease included 13 cases in the limbs (8 cases in the upper limbs, 5 cases in the lower limbs), 9 cases in the trunks, and 9 cases in the foot (toes or subungual area). Twenty-seven of the cases were solitary and 4 were multifocal. The lesions were characterized by blue-purple papules or plaques on the skin surface, which grew slowly. The lumps became larger and appeared to be conspicuous. Microscopically, GVM mainly involved the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, with an overall ill-defined border. There were scattered or clustered irregular dilated vein-like lumens, with thin walls and various sizes. A single or multiple layers of relatively uniform cubic/glomus cells were present at the abnormal wall, with scattered small nests of the glomus cells. The endothelial cells in the wall of abnormal lumen were flat or absent. Immunohistochemistry showed that glomus cells strongly expressed SMA, h-caldesmon, and collagen IV. Malformed vascular endothelial cells expressed CD31, CD34 and ERG. No postoperative recurrence was found in the 12 cases. Conclusions: GVM is an uncommon type of simple venous malformation in the superficial soft tissue and different from the classical glomus tumor. Morphologically, one or more layers of glomus cells grow around the dilated venous malformation-like lumen, which can be combined with common venous malformations.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; Glomus Tumor/surgery* ; Endothelial Cells/pathology* ; Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal/pathology* ; Immunohistochemistry

Objective: To explore the survival factors and construct a prognostic index (PI) for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: From January 2004 to June 2016, a total of 634 patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were recruited in a hospital of Fujian. The clinical and follow-up data of all the patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were collected to identify the factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups: modeling group (modeling dataset, n=318) and validation group (validation dataset, n=316). Randomization was carried out by using computer-generated random numbers. In the modeling dataset, survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of prognosis factors. An PI for OSCC patients prognostic prediction model was developed based on β value of each significant variable obtained from the multivariate Cox regression model. Using the tertile analysis, patients were divided into high-risk group, moderate-risk group, and low-risk group according to the PI, the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell's c-statistic (C index) were used to evaluated the model's predictability. Results: Results from the multivariate Cox regression model indicated that aged ≥55 years (HR=2.22, 95%CI: 1.45-3.39), poor oral hygiene (HR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.27-3.54), first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (HR=5.78, 95%CI: 3.60-9.27), TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (stage Ⅰ as reference) (HR=2.43, 95%CI: 1.10-5.37) and poor differentiation (well differentiation as reference) (HR=2.53, 95%CI: 1.60-4.01) were the risk factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC. The PI model had a high predictability in modeling group and validation group (AIC and C index were 1 205.80, 0.700 2 and 1 150.47, 0.737 3). Conclusion: Age, poor oral hygiene, first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and histological grade were factors associated with the prognosis of OSCC, and the PI model has a certain significance in the clinical treatment of OSCC.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy* ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms/therapy* ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of diphenoxylate abuse and related factors of forced drug abstainer in Gansu province. Methods: By using a self-designed questionnaire, an epidemiologic investigation was carried out among 2 108 forced drug abstainer selected from the compulsory isolation detoxification center of Gansu province. A case-control study was conducted to analyze the factors related with diphenoxylate abuse. Results: The diphenoxylate abuse rate among forced drug abstainer in Gansu was 19.8% (406/2 046), ranking first in medical drug abuse. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors as relieving withdrawal symptoms (OR=2.08, 95%CI: 1.01- 4.32), ways to obtain diphenoxylate (other ways: OR=1.00; regular clinic: OR=27.67, 95%CI: 2.64-289.82; friend: OR=0.01, 95%CI: 0.01-0.03), degree of euphoria (high: OR=1.00; medium: OR =3.36, 95%CI: 1.18-9.55; low: OR=26.16, 95%CI: 10.30-66.42), years of drug abuse (<5 years: OR=1.00; 10-15 years: OR=2.48, 95%CI: 1.02-6.04), abuse at home or in friend's house (OR=3.04, 95%CI: 1.08-8.68), abuse in car (OR=0.05, 95%CI: 0.00-0.68) and detoxification for the first time (OR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.43-0.86) were the possible influencing factors for diphenoxylate abuse. Conclusions: The prevalence of diphenoxylate abuse in forced drug abstainer in Gansu was relatively high. Reasons of abusing, the way to obtain diphenoxylate, whether using drug together with friends, degree of euphoria, years of abuse, abuse place and times for detoxification were related factors influencing the abuse of diphenoxylate.
Analgesics, Opioid/supply & distribution* ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Diphenoxylate/supply & distribution* ; Humans ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To explore the long-term effects of maternal pregnancy bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on emotional and behavioral problems appeared in their preschool children. Methods: The study sample was a subset of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS). A unified questionnaire was used to collect basic information on both pregnant women and their children. Free BPA concentration in maternal serum was determined by high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to estimate the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. A total of 1 713 pairs of mothers and children were included in this study. Association between BPA exposure during pregnancy and the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children was evaluated with multinomial logistic regression model. Results: Prevalence rates in 1 713 preschool children appeared as: 6.48% of emotional problems, 8.11% for conduct problems, 8.35% for hyperactivity/inattention, 2.86% for peer problems, 11.38% for prosocial behaviors and 7.94% for total difficulties. Subjects were divided according to the degrees of exposure and the results showed as: low exposure group (≤0.120 ng/ml), medium exposure group (0.120OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.161-3.029), more obvious in boys (OR=2.291, 95%CI: 1.126-4.661). Conclusion: Maternal exposure to high level of BPA during pregnancy might increase the detrimental effects of abnormal conducts in their preschool children, more obviously seen in boys.
Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity* ; Child Behavior Disorders/etiology* ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Emotions/physiology* ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Mothers ; Phenols/toxicity* ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry