Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors affecting nursing students’ willingness to report medical errors. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, and 175 senior nursing students answered a web-based questionnaire that included ‘attitude and knowledge towards medical error reporting’, ‘ethical sensitivity’, ‘systems thinking’, and ‘willingness to report medical errors’. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regressions with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Participants’ attitude and knowledge toward medical error-reporting were 3.45, and 3.00, respectively. Their ethical sensitivity was 4.15, and systems thinking was 3.89. Factors significantly affecting willingness to report adverse events included systems thinking, medical error-reporting attitude, and ethical sensitivity, and these variables accounted for 34.3% (F=23.73, p<.001). Factors significantly affecting willingness to report near misses included medical error-reporting attitude, which accounted for 11.5% (F=6.68, p<.001). Conclusion Increasing nursing students’ willingness to report medical errors requires integrated education to improve their attitude and knowledge of medical error reporting, ethical sensitivity, and systems thinking.

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of uncertainty in illness and coping on the quality of life (QoL) of colorectal cancer patients. Methods: Research involved 160 colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at a single tertiary hospital. Data collected between August 3 and October 8, 2020, were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results: Results revealed low scores for ‘global health status’ but moderate scores for ‘function scale’ and ‘symptom scale.’ Uncertainty in illness exhibited a negative correlation, while coping correlated positively with QoL. Coping (β=.52, p<.001) and uncertainty in illness (β=-.26, p<.001) significantly influenced ‘global health status.’ Coping (β=.42, p<.001), uncertainty in illness (β=-.17, p=.021), and side effect symptoms (yes) (β=-.16, p=.022) were influencing factors in ‘function scale,’ and coping (β=-.33, p<.001) and side effect symptoms (yes) (β=.22, p=.002) were influencing factors for ‘symptom scale.’ Conclusion The findings underscore the importance of enhancing coping skills and reducing uncertainty in illness to improve QoL among colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Consequently, nursing interventions assessing and managing uncertainty in illness, empowering positive coping strategies, and effectively managing side effect symptoms are imperative for enhancing the QoL of colorectal cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether serum C1q-circulating immune complexes (C1q-CIC) serve as a predictive marker for renal flares in patients with lupus nephritis. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with lupus nephritis and 24 healthy controls were enrolled. Patients with lupus nephritis had their serum C1q-CIC titers and other serologic parameters such as serum C3, C4, anti-dsDNA antibody, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate measured simultaneously. The systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) was also checked. RESULTS: Serum C1q-CIC titers were higher in patients with lupus nephritis than in healthy controls (109.33+/-53.79 microg/mL vs. 75.28+/-22.91 microg/mL, p=0.008). A statistically significant association was found between serum C1q-CIC titers and C3 (p=0.011), C4 (p=0.027), and anti-dsDNA antibody (p=0.014). SLEDAI was also correlated with serum C1q-CIC titers (p=0.022). CONCLUSION: Serum C1q-CIC appears to be related to renal disease activity in patients with lupus nephritis. These results suggest that serum C1q-CIC is a predictive marker for renal flares in patients with lupus nephritis.
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Blood Sedimentation ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Lupus Nephritis

No abstract available.
Amyloidosis

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the current status of pediatric palliative care provision and how it is perceived by the palliative care experts. METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted with 61 hospice institutions. From September through October 2017, a questionnaire was completed by experts from the participating institutions. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. RESULTS: Among 61 institutions, palliative care is currently provided for pediatric cancer patients by 11 institutions (18.0%), all of which are concentrated in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi and Gyengsang provinces; 85.2% of all do not plan to provide specialized pediatric palliative care in the future. According to the experts, the main barriers in providing pediatric palliative care were the insufficient number of trained specialists regardless of the delivery type. Experts said that it was appropriate to intervene when children were diagnosed with cancer that was less likely to be cured (33.7%) and to move to palliative care institutions when their conditions worsened (38.2%); and it was necessary to establish a specialized pediatric palliative care system, independent from the existing institutions for adult patients (73.8%). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop an education program to establish a nationwide pediatric palliative care centers. Pediatric palliative care intervention should be provided upon diagnosis rather than at the point of death. Patients should be transferred to palliative care institutions after intervention by their existing pediatric palliative care team at the hospital is started.
Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hospices ; Humans ; Incheon ; Palliative Care ; Republic of Korea ; Seoul ; Specialization ; Terminal Care

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) commonly occur after general anesthesia, especially in women. In this study, we evaluated the antiemetic efficacy of propofol administered at the end of surgery in highly susceptible patients undergoing a laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. METHODS: A total of 107 women undergoing a laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled for this prospective, double-blind, randomized study. Fifteen minutes before the end of surgery, all patients received 50 microg fentanyl and 1 of following 3 doses; 0.5 mg/kg of propofol (propofol 0.5 group), 1 mg/kg of propofol (propofol 1.0 group), and normal saline (control group). All patients received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Emergence time, a visual analog scale for pain and nausea, duration of postanesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, and frequency of antiemetic use were recorded at 0-2, 2-24, and 24-48 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: The incidence of nausea significantly lower in the propofol 0.5 and propofol 1.0 groups than in the control group (12.1 vs 14.7 vs 40%). During the first postoperative 2 hours, antiemetics were less frequently administered in the propofol 0.5 and propofol 1.0 groups than in the control group (3.0 vs 5.9 vs 22.5%). Emergence time was slightly longer in the propofol 0.5 and propofol 1.0 groups than in the control group, but there was no significant difference in PACU stay time was observed between the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that low-dose propofol administration at the end of surgery may effectively reduce the incidence of PONV within 2 hours postoperatively in highly susceptible women undergoing a laparoscopiy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and receiving opioid-based PCA.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Anesthesia, General ; Antiemetics* ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal* ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; Nausea ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Propofol* ; Prospective Studies ; Visual Analog Scale

No abstract available.
Herpes Zoster* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Zoster Sine Herpete*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of a maternal-child health education program for nurses in Tigray, Ethiopia. METHODS: One-group pre-posttest design was used. The maternal-child health (MCH) education program was given to nurses from 5 health centers in Tigray, Ethiopia. Knowledge and confidence levels were measured before and after each education session. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. RESULTS: The topics of the 5 educational sessions were family planning, antenatal care, care during labor, immunization, and integrated management of neonate, and child illness. Knowledge scores (1st: Z=3.931, p=.001; 2nd: Z=6.189, p<.001; 3rd: Z=5.658, .001, 4th: Z=8.734, .001, 5th: Z=14.167, .001) and confidence levels (1st: Z=8.467, .001; 2nd: Z=4.183, .001; 3rd: Z=4.992, .001) improved significantly. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study imply that the MCH education program for nurses was effective in developing the maternal-child health capacity of the nurses in Tigray, Ethiopia.
Child ; Education ; Education, Nursing ; Ethiopia* ; Family Planning Services ; Health Education* ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infant, Newborn ; Maternal Health Services

BACKGROUND: Intravenous administration of rocuronium induces intense pain in most patients (60-100%). This could be harmful during anesthesia induction because of the unintended reflex movement of an unconscious patient in response to the pain. Previous studies have reported that remifentanil effectively reduces rocuronium-induced pain and withdrawal movements. This study was designed to evaluate the EC50 and EC95 of remifentanil to prevent withdrawal movements in children. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 171 pediatric patients scheduled for general anesthesia in this study. Remifentanil was administrated by target-controlled infusion. Effect-site target concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 ng/ml. At each concentration, experiments were repeated in 10-20 patients. Propofol 2 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.9 mg/kg were administrated after equilibration of plasma and effect-site target remifentanil concentration. The withdrawal movements were graded on a 4-point scale. The EC50 and EC95 of remifentanil to prevent rocuronium-induced withdrawal movements were determined by using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: The logistic regression model showed that the probability of preventing rocuronium-induced withdrawal movement was as follows: exp (-3.49 + 2.07 x remifentanil concentration) / (1 + exp [-3.49 + 2.07 x remifentanil concentration]). EC50 and EC95 were 1.69 ng/ml (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 1.42-1.87) and 3.11 ng/ml (95% CIs, 2.79-3.72), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of remifentanil at an effect-site target concentration of 3.1 ng/ml could effectively prevent rocuronium-induced withdrawal movements.
Administration, Intravenous ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Child* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Pediatrics ; Plasma ; Propofol ; Reflex

PURPOSE: We examined the effects of a community outreach program for maternal health in Tigray, Ethiopia, on women's knowledge about pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum care, and family planning, and assessed their participation in antenatal care, postpartum checkups, institutional childbirth, and contraceptive use. METHODS: We recruited Ethiopian women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) in Tigray, Ethiopia. Two villages in Tigray, Kihen and Mesanu, which have similar population sizes and living environments, were chosen as the intervention and comparison groups, respectively. A two-group pretest-posttest design with cluster sampling was employed. We conducted self-report questionnaire surveys using face-to-face interviews. The 2.5-year community outreach program was developed based on Rogers' diffusion of innovation theory. It consisted of mass media use and health education for lay women in the community, along with training of health care providers, including nurses, midwives, and health extension workers, in maternal health care. RESULTS: The intervention group showed significant increases in knowledge and behaviors regarding maternal health and family planning compared to the comparison group (p < .001). In particular, there was a dramatic increase from 10.8% to 93.5% in the institutional birth rate in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The community outreach program and health care professional training effectively improved knowledge and behaviors regarding maternal health in Ethiopian women. Mass media and interpersonal communication channels for health education may be useful health interventions in developing countries.
Birth Rate ; Community-Institutional Relations* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Developing Countries ; Diffusion of Innovation ; Ethiopia* ; Family Planning Services* ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Mass Media ; Maternal Health* ; Midwifery ; Parturition ; Population Density ; Postnatal Care ; Pregnancy