1.Oral microbiota: a promising predictor of human oral and systemic diseases.
Xin XU ; Junzhi HE ; Xuedong ZHOU
West China Journal of Stomatology 2015;33(6):555-560
A human oral microbiota is the ecological community of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms found in human oral cavity. Oral microbiota exists mostly in the form of a biofilm and maintains a dynamic ecological equilibrium with the host body. However, the disturbance of this ecological balance inevitably causes oral infectious diseases, such as dental caries, apical periodontitis, periodontal diseases, pericoronitis, and craniofacial bone osteomyelitis. Oral microbiota is also correlated with many systemic diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and preterm birth. Hence, oral microbiota has been considered as a potential biomarker of human diseases. The "Human Microbiome Project" and other metagenomic projects worldwide have advanced our knowledge of the human oral microbiota. The integration of these metadata has been the frontier of oral microbiology to improve clinical translation. By reviewing recent progress on studies involving oral microbiota-related oral and systemic diseases, we aimed to propose the essential role of oral microbiota in the prediction of the onset, progression, and prognosis of oral and systemic diseases. An oral microbiota-based prediction model helps develop a new paradigm of personalized medicine and benefits the human health in the post-metagenomics era.
Biomarkers
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Cardiovascular Diseases
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microbiology
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Dental Caries
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microbiology
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Diabetes Mellitus
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microbiology
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Humans
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Metagenomics
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Microbiota
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Mouth
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microbiology
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Mouth Diseases
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microbiology
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Neoplasms
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microbiology
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Oral Health
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Periodontal Diseases
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microbiology
2.Effect of castration on restenosis after precutaneous transluminal angioplasty in male rats.
Tongguo SI ; Nengshu HE ; Yongli WANG ; Junzhi TIAN ; Changlin ZHANG ; Tiwen LU ; Xin WANG
National Journal of Andrology 2004;10(5):340-344
OBJECTIVETo observe the developing changes of adventitia in restenosis after precutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA), and investigate the effect of androgen on restenosis through contrasting the castrated male rat models and its mechanism.
METHODSModels were constructed of castrated male rats and restenosis of the common carotid artery, and specimens were collected at the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th day respectively after modeling. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and electronic microscopy were performed to observe the condition of restenosis.
RESULTSProliferating cells occurred in adventitia first and phenotype of adventitial cells was changed at the 3rd day after PTA. The adventitial proliferating index was the highest at the 7th day after PTA, and proliferating migration towards intimal was observed. The proliferating cells mostly occurred in the middle layer and neointima at the 14th day after PTA. The areas of adventitia and neointima were larger and the degrees of restenosis were higher in the castrated rats than in the non-castrated ones at different time points. Take the 14 d group, the adventitial area was[(3,566 +/- 337) micron2 vs (2,751 +/- 401) micron2, P = 0.008], the neointimal area[(3,553 +/- 477) micron2 vs (2,757 +/- 435) micron2, P = 0.025], the restenosis rate[(76 +/- 2)% vs (60 +/- 8)%, P = 0.005], and the proliferating index [(29 +/- 2)% vs (13 +/- 1)%, P < 0.001].
CONCLUSIONAdventitial proliferation and migration contribute to restenosis after PTA; Androgen in rats can physiologically relieve restenosis, probably through intervening in the activation of adventitia.
Actins ; analysis ; Androgens ; physiology ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; metabolism ; Coronary Restenosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
3.Chemical Constituents Analysis of Morchella and Determination of 4-Hydroxybenzyl Alcohol
Shi LI ; Junzhi WANG ; Pan ZHANG ; Lanqing LIU ; Pingyuan LI ; Gaigai DENG ; Haibo HE
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2018;20(12):2237-2242
Objective: To analyze the chemical constituents of Morchella esculenta, and to determine the main activeingredient of it, so as to better control the quality of Morchella esculenta and promote the development and utilization of Morchella. Methods: The compounds were extracted and percolated by ethanol. The samples were separated using silicagel and identified by13C-NMR data. HPLC was used to assay the contents of 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol. Results: A totalof 5 compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 11, 15, 19-trimethyl-5, 9-eicosadienoic acid, cis-13-Docosenoic acid&Erucic acid, 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β-ol and Mannitol. Conclusion: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was first isolated from the Morchella esculenta fruiting body, and HPLC method for thedetermination of 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was established. The content of 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol were no less than0.40%. The determination method can be used for quality control of Morchella esculenta.
4.Serological surveillance of human brucellosis in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province from 2018 to 2021
Xia HE ; Huan FANG ; Junzhi SU
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023;35(6):555-557
ObjectiveTo describe the serological surveillance results of human brucellosis in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province from 2018 to 2021, characterize the epidemic and current situation of brucellosis, and to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control of brucellosis. MethodsSurveillance data of human brucellosis serological testing was collected in Ganzhou City from 2018 to 2021. Spatial, temporal, and demographic distribution was further determined. ResultsFrom 2018 to 2021, a total of 42 humans serologically positive for brucellosis were reported from 18 counties (cities and districts) in Ganzhou City, including 26 males and 16 females with a gender ratio of 1.6∶1. The number of serologically positive cases showed a decreasing trend, with the positive rate decreasing from 46.43% in 2018 to 33.33% in 2021. Majority of the cases (54.00%) aged 40‒ years old. Furthermore, the number of serologically positive cases varied by month; majority of the cases (80.95%) was from April to August. Additionally, a total of 10 counties (cities and districts) reported serologically positive cases of brucellosis, among which the top 3 counties (cities and districts) by cumulative number of positive cases were Zhanggong District (18 cases), Dayu County(5 cases), and Longnan City(4 cases). ConclusionSerologically positive cases of human brucellosis decrease in Ganzhou, in which the incidence of male cases is generally higher than female cases. The seasonality of human brucellosis is in spring and summer. At-risk population is 40‒ years old. Additionally, at-risk areas are southwest and central areas of Ganzhou.
5.A novel quantified bitterness evaluation model for traditional Chinese herbs based on an animal ethology principle.
Xue HAN ; Hong JIANG ; Li HAN ; Xi XIONG ; Yanan HE ; Chaomei FU ; Runchun XU ; Dingkun ZHANG ; Junzhi LIN ; Ming YANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018;8(2):209-217
Traditional Chinese herbs (TCH) are currently gaining attention in disease prevention and health care plans. However, their general bitter taste hinders their use. Despite the development of a variety of taste evaluation methods, it is still a major challenge to establish a quantitative detection technique that is objective, authentic and sensitive. Based on the two-bottle preference test (TBP), we proposed a novel quantitative strategy using a standardized animal test and a unified quantitative benchmark. To reduce the difference of results, the methodology of TBP was optimized. The relationship between the concentration of quinine and animal preference index (PI) was obtained. Then the PI of TCH was measured through TBP, and bitterness results were converted into a unified numerical system using the relationship of concentration and PI. To verify the authenticity and sensitivity of quantified results, human sensory testing and electronic tongue testing were applied. The quantified results showed a good discrimination ability. For example, the bitterness of Coptidis Rhizoma was equal to 0.0579 mg/mL quinine, and Nelumbinis Folium was equal to 0.0001 mg/mL. The validation results proved that the new assessment method for TCH was objective and reliable. In conclusion, this study provides an option for the quantification of bitterness and the evaluation of taste masking effects.