Corneal epithelial injury refers to the destruction of corneal epithelial function and structural integrity caused by various reasons.Dry eye is a common cause of corneal epithelial damage and it also delays the healing of corneal epithelial wound.The change of tear film stability is a main mechanism of dry eye disease, which implies an important role of improving the tear film stability in dry eye and the repair of dry eye-related corneal epithelial damage.Ocular surface lubricants can be used to supplement the water-like liquid, mucin and lipid that tears naturally have.Anti-inflammatory drugs can improve the stability of tear film.When the ocular surface microenvironment is affected, the growth factors of the tear are unable to meet the needs of rapid repair of the damage.Therefore, it is necessary to supplement exogenous growth factor to promote injury healing of corneal epithelium.In this article, the repair of corneal epithelial damage associated with dry eye were reviewed, including the therapies of ocular surface lubricant, anti-inflammation and promoting repair of corneal epithelium.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaishao-Shugan-Lidan-Paishi Decoction assisted with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of chronic cholecystitis with gallstones. Methods:According to the random number table method, 198 cases of chronic cholecystitis combined with cholecystolithiasis were admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019 and were divided into two groups, 99 cases in each group. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in both group. Then the control group was treated with Ursodeoxycholic Acid, and the observation group was treated with Chaishao-Shugan-Lidan-Paishi Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The clinical efficacy was evaluated after the treatment TCM symptoms and signs were scored before and after the treatment; the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, hs-CRP, gastrin (GAS), motilin (MOT) and somatostatin (SST) were detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA, and the adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded. Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.9% (94/99), the control group was 82.8% (82/99), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=7.364, P=0.007). The score of the right flank pain, the level of upset and irritable condition, the sense of fullness of epigastric cavity, greasiness, nausea and vomiting, belching score after the treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 7.229, 4.773, 4.442, 2.302, 5.887, 4.235, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). After the treatment, the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6, hs-CRP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 9.330, 18.425, 26.886, respectively, all Ps<0.05), and the levels of serum GAS (104.53 ± 2.13 ng/L vs. 96.61 ± 3.29 ng/L, t=20.106) and MOT (386.60 ± 9.42 ng/L vs. 345.50 ± 12.80 ng/L, t=25.731) in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, SST (40.05 ± 4.39 ng/L vs. 48.42 ± 5.11 ng/L, t=12.362) in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01). No serious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment period in both groups. Conclusion:Chaishao-Shugan-Lidan-Paishi Decoction assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of chronic cholecystitis with gallstones can improve the clinical symptoms, inhibit inflammation, improve gastrointestinal function, improve clinical efficacy.

ObjectiveThis study is designed to investigate the relationship between STR polymorphism in HO-1 gene promoter and susceptibility of CAD,in order to provide a new strategy for prevention and treatment of CAD by using HO-1.Methods200 patients who were diagnosed as CAD by coronary angiography were selected in this study.100 subjects without evidence of CAD under coronary angiography with their sex and age similar to CAD patients were selected as controls.Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction followed by capillary electrophoresis automated DNA sequencer.Each size of the (GT) n repeat was calculated using the GeneMapper Analysis software.ResultsA (GT)n polymorphism was found in the HO-1 gene promoter with n =16 ～39.Subjects with n≤29 expressed much more HO-1 protein than those with n ＞29( P ＜0.01 ).The alleles were then classified into two subgroups,S'allele (n 29 ) and L'allele (n ＞29),the subjects were then classified as having an S/S,S/L,or L/L genotype.Subjects with the L allele ( L/L + L/S genotypes) had more chance to get CAD than those with S/S genotype ( adjusted OR =1.83,95 ％ CI =1.04 - 3.24).Stratified analysis further showed that L allele ( L/L + L/S genotypes) was susceptive to CAD in patients who smoke (adjusted OR =2.59,95％ CI =1.16 -5.80).ConclusionsThe (GT)n polymorphism in HO-1 gene promoter is related to susceptibility to CAD,especially in those patients who smoke.

Brain computer interface is a control system between brain and outside devices by transforming electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. The brain computer interface system does not depend on the normal output pathways, such as peripheral nerve and muscle tissue, so it can provide a new way of the communication control for paralysis or nerve muscle damaged disabled persons. Steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is one of non-invasive EEG signals, and it has been widely used in research in recent years. SSVEP is a kind of rhythmic brain activity simulated by continuous visual stimuli. SSVEP frequency is composed of a fixed visual stimulation frequency and its harmonic frequencies. The two-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition (2D-EEMD) is an improved algorithm of the classical empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm which extended the decomposition to two-dimensional direction. 2D-EEMD has been widely used in ocean hurricane, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Lena image and other related image processing fields. The present study shown in this paper initiatively applies 2D-EEMD to SSVEP. The decomposition, the 2-D picture of intrinsic mode function (IMF), can show the SSVEP frequency clearly. The SSVEP IMFs which had filtered noise and artifacts were mapped into the head picture to reflect the time changing trend of brain responding visual stimuli, and to reflect responding intension based on different brain regions. The results showed that the occipital region had the strongest response. Finally, this study used short-time Fourier transform (STFT) to detect SSVEP frequency of the 2D-EEMD reconstructed signal, and the accuracy rate increased by 16%.
Algorithms ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Humans ; Neural Pathways

BACKGROUND:Proximal femoral nail anti-rotation has good biomechanical basis, and has obvious advantages for intertrochanteric fracture in aged patients, but there are some problems in the clinic, because of improper handling of material matching and operation details, which can impact therapeutic effects and functional recovery. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the efficacy and issues of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in patients at more than 60 years old. METHODS:From July 2011 to July 2012, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation was used to treat 56 cases of intertrochanteric fractures. Clinical data bank was established to analyze intraopeative problems and postoperative complications. At 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively, outpatient and telephone folow-up were carried out to evaluate therapeutic effects and functional recovery of hip joint. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four patients died within 1 year. Seven patients lost within a year for other reasons. The remaining 45 patients were folowed with the time from 12 to 24 months, with an average time of 18.2 months. Harris score was (85.00±6.75) points. There were excelent in 26 cases, good in 15 cases, average in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, with an excelent and good rate of 91%. 18 cases were not satisfied with the position of fracture fragments. In 9 cases, proximal femur was not match with the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation. Seven cases were not satisfied because of the location and length of the spiral blade. Seven cases affected lateral cortex fracture. One case experienced postoperative pulmonary embolism. One case suffered from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Nine cases suffered from local sweling. 13 cases experienced hip pain. Five cases affected the healing of fracture extended. Results showed that proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for intertrochanteric fracture in aged patients obtained good outcomes, but we should improve the separation of fracture fragments and reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Objective To identify features of antibodies in the supernatants of cultured Castleman's disease cells.Methods Lymphocytes of Castleman's disease were isolated and cultured.Immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays were performed with IgG extracted from culture supernatants.The immunoglobulin heavy chaingene of cultured tumor B cells was analyzed by RT-PCR,cloning and sequencing.ResultsIg Gextracted from culture supernatant scouldattachtotheepithelialcellsurfacesofmousebladdertissues.Theantibodycouldalsoidentifytwoantigencomponents,210000and190000,ofnormalhumanepidermaltis-sues.ThesequencesimilaritywasfoundinimmunoglobulinheavychaingeneofculturedtumorBcellscom-paredwiththatof6patientswithCastleman'sdiseasepreviouslyreported.Conclusions Castleman's tumor associated with paraneoplastic pemphigus can secret autoantibody with similar features to that found in patients'sera.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between serum procalcitonin (PCT) level and severity of diseases caused by different kinds of stress factors, and to identify the prognostic value of PCT on the prognosis in non-sepsis critically ill patients. Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted. The clinical data of non-sepsis critically ill patients with age of ≥ 18 years admitted to surgery intensive care unit (ICU) of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from August 2013 to December 2015 and stayed for more than 3 days were enrolled. The PCT level in the first 24 hours, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and 28-day mortality were recorded. Patients were divided into different groups by the original injury, including trauma stress group, stroke stress group and non-infection inflammation stress group. According to PCT level, patients were divided into PCT normal group, low level group, medium level group and high level group. Furthermore, patients were divided into survival group and non-survival group according to 28-day prognosis. The clinical data of patients were compared among the groups, and the correlations among different markers were analyzed with Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis. The predictive value of PCT on prognosis of non-sepsis critically ill patients was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Ninety-four non-sepsis critical ill patients were enrolled, with 28 patients in trauma stress group, 30 in stroke stress group, and 36 in non-infection inflammation stress group, as well as 32 patients in PCT normal group, 18 in low level group, 18 in medium level group, and 26 in high level group. Of them, 78 survivors and 16 non-survivors were found. ① The PCT level of non-sepsis critically ill patients was significantly positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score (r1 = 0.688, r2 = 0.771, both P = 0.000). ② The PCT level in trauma stress group was significantly higher than that in stroke stress group and non-infection inflammation stress group [μg/L: 4.43 (0.86, 11.72 ) vs. 0.28 (0.16, 5.85), 2.39 (0.13, 4.11), both P < 0.01]. APACHE Ⅱ score (13.9±7.5, 13.9±7.0 vs. 9.4±4.4), SOFA score [7.0 (4.0, 9.0), 5.0 (3.0, 8.0) vs. 4.0 (2.0, 6.0)], and 28-day mortality [21.4% (6/28), 33.3% (10/30) vs. 0 (0/36)] in trauma stress group and stroke stress group were significantly higher than those of non-infection inflammation stress group (all P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of PCT in trauma stress group was significantly higher than that of stroke stress group and non-infection inflammation stress group [100.0% (28/28) vs. 33.3% (10/30), 66.7% (24/36), both P < 0.01]. ③ Non-survivors had significantly higher PCT level [μg/L: 6.02 (4.43, 18.34) vs. 0.76 (0.16, 4.11)], APACHE Ⅱ score (22.5±3.8 vs. 10.1±5.1) and SOFA score [9.0 (7.0, 11.0) vs. 4.0 (2.0, 8.0)] as compared with those of survivors (all P < 0.01). ④ APACHE Ⅱ score (7.8±2.8, 9.3±4.3, 13.7±6.2, 18.7±5.8, F = 22.495, P = 0.000), SOFA score [3.0 (1.2, 4.8), 4.0 (3.5, 4.5), 6.0 (3.5, 8.0), 10.0 (8.8, 12.0), Z = 51.040, P = 0.000], and 28-day mortality [0 (0/32), 11.1% (2/18), 22.2% (4/18), 38.5% (10/26), χ2 = 15.816, P = 0.001] were gradually increased as PCT level elevated. ⑤ The area under ROC curve (AUC) of PCT for evaluating prognosis of non-sepsis critically ill patients was 0.799 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.709-0.889, P = 0.000], when the cut-off value was 4.2 μg/L, the sensitivity was 87.5%, and the specificity was 77.6%. Conclusions Serum PCT level was positively correlated with severity of illness in non-sepsis critically ill patients, which had predicted value on prognosis. Trauma stress can lead to higher PCT level than stroke stress and non-infection inflammation stress can.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of surgery on 47 patients with moyamoya disease by retrospective analysis.Methods:A total of 47 patients with moyamoya disease were enrolled from August,2010 to According to the improved treatment in August,2013,all cases were divided into two groups:a pre-improved group and a post-improved group.According to different surgical methods,they were divided into two subgroups:an indirect revascularization subgroup and a combined revascularization subgroup.Results:The cerebral ischemia in 77.4％ of patients was relieved after the surgery.There was significant difference in outcomes of patients between the pre-improved group and the post-improved group (P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between the pre-improved indirect revascularization subgroup and the pre-improved combined revascularization subgroup.There was also no significant difference between the post-improved indirect revascularization subgroup and the post-improved combined revascularization subgroups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Surgical treatment can improve the outcomes of patients with moyamoya disease,but there is no significant difference in surgical effects between indirect and combined revascularization.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of skin cancer.Methods Clinical data of skin cancer and precancerous skin lesions confirmed pathologically from 2005 to 2008 in Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed by using statistical methods.Results A total of 632 cases of skin cancer and precancerous skin lesions were studied.The most common skin cancer was basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (invasive and in situ) which accounted for 29.3%and 24.2%,respectively.The average age at onset was older than 60 years in 55.4%of the patients,between 35 and 59 years in 34.3%,younger than 35 years in 10.3%.The concordance between clinical and pathological diagnosis reached nearly 90.O%for Paget's disease,70.0% for other common skin cancer and precancerous skin lesions.Conclusions Skin cancer and precancerous skin lesions have a predilection for scalp and face.Patients aged from 35 to 59 years account for a significant proportion not only in cutaneous lymphoma but also in melanoma and epithelium-derived nonmelanoma skin cancer.

Objective To investigate the possibility of utilizing the mixed bacteria liquid and the Escherichia coli ( E.coli) liquid to establish the chronic salpingitis model of New Zealand rabbits, respectively.Methods Taken as the study object, the un-pregnant New Zealand rabbits (4~5 years old) were randomly divided into three groups: the normal group, the mixed bacteria experimental group and the E.coli experimental group.The trans-vaginal intrauterine intubation operation was performed for the injection of the mixed bacteria liquid and the E.coli liquid.Visual observation was to evaluate the gross pathological changes of the salpingitis and the pelvic cavity.HE staining and the light microscope were used to observe the micro-pathological changes of salpingitis.Results On the 15th day after modeling, increased pelvic effusion, dense peritoneal adhesion, interstitial hyperplasia and infiltration of lymphocytes were observed in both experimental groups. Conclusion Through the trans-vaginal intrauterine intubation operation, the chronic salpingitis model of New Zealand rabbits could be successfully established either by using the mixed bacteria liquid or by using the E.coli liquid.