Objective By means of telephone follow-up care intervention, we aimed to explore the effect of clinical efficacy and the ability to cope with adverse reaction among uterine adenomyoma postoperative patients after receiving GnRH-a treatment.Methods From January 2009 to December 2011, 115 patients who underwent uterine adenomyoma surgery combined with GnRH-a treatment were divided into two groups.The research group of 55 patients received positive guidance of food, rest, activities, life, spirit and so on through telephone, also a continuous psychological intervention of subsequent visit reminding and the solutions to adverse reactions.Then the 60 cases in the control group only received the conventional outpatient follow-up at regular intervals according to their competent doctor, without any telephone follow-up of nursing intervention.Results In the research group, the dysmenorrhea of 53 patients ( 96.36%) was relieved or disappeared, 52 patients (94.54%) did not relapse after surgery.The menstrual blood volume was decreased and the period of the menstrual was reduced within 52 patients (94.54%).Those values of the control group were 49(89.09%), 51(92.72%) and 50(90.90%).There was no significant difference between groups (χ2 =1.21, 0.00, 0.13, respectively;P >0.05).After the treatment of GnRH-a, the adverse reactions such as hot flashes, night sweats, skin rash as well as acne, and the compliance were significantly improved (χ2 =6.15, 6.15, 4.45, 5.04, 4.25, 4.25, respectively; P<0.05).There were also significant differences in keeping medication, regular examine, changing bad habits and the compliance of coping with the adverse reaction (χ2 =5.49, 7.31, 14.31, 10.45, respectively;P<0.05).Conclusions Telephone follow-up care intervention can improve the compliance of uterine adenomyoma postoperative patients receiving GnRH-a treatment, reduce the adverse reaction and help patients cope with adverse reactions effectively in the right way, and lead to better relationship between nurses and patients.