This study was aimed to analyze the dynamic accumulation of active ingredients of Echinacea purpurea. Contents of cichoric acid and total polyphenols in different parts through the whole growth process were determined by HPLC and colorimetry. The results showed that the content of total polyphenol changed little in annual plant. There were differences in content of cichoric acid of different parts in different periods. And the content reached the maximum at flowering stage. It was concluded that the harvest stage depended on the content of cichoric acid. The results provided theoretical basis for induced plant in Shandong province.

【Objective】 To investigate the incidence of β-th alassemia (β-thal) heterozygote carrying α-thalassemia (α-thal ) 1 gene in Guangdong area. 【Methods】 β-thal genes were screened by reve rse dot blotting (RDB). In β-thal DNA samples α-thal 1 genes were am plified using gap-PCR method. 【Results】43 α-thal-1 cases were identifi ed among the 500 β-thal traits. The rate is 8.6%. 【Conclusion】 In Guangd ong area the incidence of β-thal heterozygote carrying α-thal-1 gen e is 8.6%, which should be paid much attention in the genetic counselling and pr enatal diagnosis.

Objective To study the technology of supercritical fluid CO_2 extraction(SFE CO_2) on urosolic acid from Cornus officinalis.Methods The effects of pressure,temperature,time,CO_2 flow rate types,and volume of entrainer on the urosolic acid extracts were studied. The optium conditions for SFE CO_2 was determined.The technology of SFE CO_2 was compared with that of traditional solvent extraction.Results The optium extraction conditions were as follows: pressure 35.0 MPa,temperature 318 K,absolute ethyl alcohol entrainer,content 4%,time 3 h and flow rate of CO_2 8 kg/h.Conclusion SFE CO_2 excels the traditional solvent extraction in yield,safety and efficiency.

Objective To compare the difference of ultrasound-guided anterior sciatic nerve block by multiple injection and single injection.Methods Among 90 patients undergoing lower limb operation,aged 18-68 years old,47 patients were males and 43 patients were females,all falling into ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ.The patients were randomized to ultrasound-guided anterior sciatic nerve block by multiple injection (group M,n=45) single injection (group S,n=45).Local anesthetic of 0.5% ropivacaine hydrochloride 20 ml was used.The width,thickness and depth of sciatic nerve and blocking performance time were recorded.Sensory and motor blockade on the operated limb were evaluated every 10 minutes after injection of local anesthetic for 30 minutes and complications were observed in two groups.Results The width,thinkness and depth of sciatic nerve on the ultrasound screen were not statistically significant in the two groups.The performance time of group M was longer than that of group S (P<0.05).The proportion of patients with sensory blockade of each nerve significantly differed between the two groups: for superficial peroneal nerve at 10,20,and 30 minutes,for the sural nerve at 20,30 minutes,for the tibial nerve at 30 minutes,that of group M was higher than that of group S (P<0.05).A significantly greater rate of motor blockade was observed for the dorsal flexion of foot and toes extension in group M than that of group S at 30 minutes (P<0.05).The complications of nausea,vomitting and tinnitus were not different in two groups.Conclusion Multiple injection needs more operation time compared with single injection,but its onset time of sensory and motor blockade is quicker,the complications were not different.

Objective To investigate the possible association of HLA-DQ alleles with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in Han nationality in Northern China. Methods Thirty five Han Chinese patients with PID caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and 98 unrelated healthy individuals from the same area were genotyped for HLA-DQ gene alleles by the PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide (SSO) method. Results Compared with the healthy controls, the frequencies of HLA-DQA1*0501 and HLA-DQB1*0301 allele were significantly increased and also associated with the antibody response to Chlamydia trachomatis heat-shock protein 60 (CHSP60). Conclusions These results may provide clues to reveal the susceptibility gene of chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease in China and the immunogenetic mechanisms of the disease.

Objective To study antibacterial effect of formulas, borneol, honey, gentamicin in wet honey ice bedsores.Methods The third-stage infective bedsore model in rabbit were estabished with Staphylococcus aureus ( S.aureus) , Escherichia coli ( E.coli) , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa).The rabbits with bedsore were respectively compressed with gauze of honey+borneol, honey+gentamicin,borneol+gentamicin,borneol+gentamicin+honey, vaseline as control group.The strain identification and colony counts were observed before and after treatment.ResuIts The colony count of S.aureus, E.coli and P.aeruginosa in honey+borneol, honey+gentamicin, borneol+gentamicin, borneol+gentamicin+honey post-treatment was significantly higher than that of pre-treatment, respectively (P<0.05).The colony count of three strains in above four formulas post-treatment was significantly lower than that in vaseline group, respectively (P <0.05).The colony count of three strains in borneol +gentamicin +honey (original formula) post-treatment was significantly lower than that in the other formulas, respectively (P<0.05).ConcIusion The antibacterial effect of borneol+gentamicin+honey (original formula) is the best.

Objective To study the antibacterial effect of borneol, honey, gentamicin in Ruchuang Bingmi hydropathic compress agent.Method Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus), Escherichia coli(E.coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa) were used to produce the third phase of infection decubitus animal models, respectively.Vaseline as the control group, divided into 12 groups:Vaseline-S.aureus, Vaseline-E.coli, Vaseline-P.aeruginosa;Honey-S.aureus,Honey-E.coli,Honey-P.aeruginosa;Borneol -S.aureus;Borneol -E.coli;Borneol-P.aeruginosa;Gentamicin-S.aureus;Gentamicin-E.coli;Gentamicin-P.aeruginosa;6 rabbits in each group.Honey, borneol, gentamicin was made into a gauze in treatment for decubitus .Organizations do strain identification and colony counts was observed before and after taking the treatment.ResuIts Borneol group ( F =11.059,P<0.01).,there was differences of each groups count cultured by borneol;Time ×Strains(F=11.281,P=0.009),there was no significant interaction between the two groups;gentamicin(F=7.99,P=0.000),gentamicin culture showed a difference in each group count;Time ×Strains(F=12.531, P<0.07),interaction between the two groups showed significant.Borneol has no antibacterial effects on P.aeruginosa , had a certain antibacterial activityon S.aureus and E coli;gentamicin had good antibacterial effect on the three kinds of bacteria, and against P.aeruginosa was particularly significant.ConcIusion The antibacterial activity of gentamicin is better than single herbs borneol in Ruchuang Bingmi hydropathic compress agent, honey has no antibacterial effect.

Objective To investigate effective methodology for preventing infectious diseases from spreading within general hospitals at all levels. Methods Six hospitals at three levels in the city were made into two groups and investigated for their treatment of infectious diseases. The group of A1, A2 and A3 hospitals employs the five pre-triage, while the group of B2, B2 and B3 employs the routine pretriage. Results Comparison of undetected infectious cases between group A1, A2, A3 and group B1,B2,B3 identified significant difference with x2 testing, P＜0. 005. Conclusion Five pre-triage method can screen, identify and pinpoint confirmed or suspected infectious disease patients from all outpatients in the first time, thus preventing and controlling the nosocornial transmission of epidemic or even an outbreak of nosocomial infection effectively.

Objective To evaluate the effect of proper nutritional therapy guided by indirect caloimetry . Methods According to the digitaltable ,70 critically ill patients whose APACHE II >5 were randomly divided into oberserving ( nutritional therapy guided by indirect caloimetry ) and control groups ( nutritional therapy guided by harris-benedict formula),each group 35 cases.The results of nutrition support were analysed .Results TP,MAMC,ALB were higher than that before treatment in oberserving group (all P<0.05),the MAMC was also higher than that in control groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Hb and TSF after treatment IN oberserving group (all P>0.05).Conclusion The nutritional therapy guided by indirect caloimetry by harris-benedict formula have the some nutritional effect in critically ill patients .

A derivatization method for the determination of oligosaccharides with high sensitivity by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS) based on a labeling regent 1-(4-Cyanophenyl)-4-piperidinecarbohydrazide(CPH) was proposed. The hydrazones were generated by the reaction of the reducing ends of oligosaccharides and the hydrazide of CPH. The derivatives were directly analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. Reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, concentration of acetic acid and excess ratio of CPH regent were optimized. When the oligosaccharides reacted with 100 time excess of CPH at 100 ℃ and in 0.125% acetic acid (V/V), the yield was highest. The results showed the derivatization with CPH increased the sensitivity of MS detection and this method was suitable for the analysis of oligosaccharides′ compositions.