To improve mass transfer and enhance the yield for C(1,2) biodehydrogenation of steroid 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone, we carried out the dehydrogenation reaction of 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone in an oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion by Arthrobacter simplex UR016. We studied the effects of system composition, dehydrogenation temperature and substrate concentration on microbial transformation. We formulated a suitable O/W microemulsion system with Arthrobacter simplex UR016 culture broth as aqueous phase, 10 g/L of edible oil as oil phase, 4 g/L of Tween-O80 and 7% (V/V) alcohol as surfactant and cosurfactant. The optimal dehydrogenation temperature was 33 degrees C. The results showed that in Tween-80/alcohol/edible oil/water microemulsion system, the hydrophobic steroid was solubilised and diffused effectively, with the maximum conversion rate of 88.6% at 46 h under 4 g/L substrate concentration, an increase of 66.2% compared to that in aqueous system. The C(1,2) biodehydrogenation of 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone is more efficient in water-edible oil microemulsion system than in aqueous system.
Arthrobacter ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Emulsions ; Hydrogenation ; Medroxyprogesterone ; chemistry ; metabolism

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common endocrine diseases in clinic, but its exact pathogenesis not yet been clarified. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome can not only be activated by upstream signaling pathways, which plays an important role in pyroptosis, apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, etc., but also regulate downstream inflammatory factors to participate in the chronic inflammatory process of diseases. This article elucidates the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis or intervention of diabetes and its complications, and provides a new direction for research. NLRP3 inflammasome and its regulated cytokines or receptors may be a new diagnostic or therapeutic targets for diabetes and its complications.

PURPOSE: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the trachea and bronchus is a rare tumor. Although MYB-NFIB oncogene fusion and Notch1 mutation have been identified in ACC, little is known about the expression and clinical significance of Notch1 and its target gene fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) in tracheobronchial ACC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary tracheobronchial ACC that were resected between 1998 and 2014 were identified through the pathology and oncology database from five thoracic oncology centers in China. A tissue array was constructed from the patients’ samples and the expressions of Notch1 and FABP7 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The association between the expression of both markers and survival was determined. RESULTS: Overexpression of Notch1 and FABP7, detected in 37.8% and 38.3% of 368 patients with tracheobronchial ACC, respectively, was an independent prognostic indicator for recurrencefree survival (RFS) by multivariable Cox proportional hazard model (p=0.032 and p=0.048, respectively). Overexpression of Notch1, but not of FABP7, predicted overall survival (OS) (p=0.018). When categorized into four groups according to coexpression of Notch1 and FABP7, patients with overexpression of both Notch1 and FABP7 belonged to the group with the shortest RFS and OS (p=0.01 and p=0.048, respectively). CONCLUSION: Expression of Notch1 and FABP7, and coexpression of Notch1 and FABP7, is strongly associated with poor survival in resected tracheobronchial ACC. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that poor differentiation of tracheobronchial ACC correlates with the activation of Notch signaling.
Adenoids* ; Bronchi ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Carrier Proteins* ; China ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Oncogene Fusion ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies* ; Trachea