BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are used widely in cartilage tissue engineering, and there are many similarities in biological characteristics between two kinds of cel s. OBJECTIVE:To compare the chondrogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and adipose-derived stem cel s in vitro. METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cel s were isolated from the 3-month-old New Zealand white rabbits’ abdomen. Bilateral femurs of rabbits were obtained, and then the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were separated with the adherence screening method. The growth curve of the passage 3 adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were drawn, and the doubling time of two kinds of cel s was compared. Then the passage 3 adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were treated with chondrogenic induction. After induced for 14 days, the adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were treated with toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱ immunohistochemistry staining respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s showed aggregative growth, while the primary adipose-derived stem cel s were in single and scattered growth. The proliferation speed of adipose-derived stem cel s was faster than that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, while the doubling time of adipose-derived stem cel s was shorter than that of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. After chondrogenic induction for 14 days, both adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could express glycosaminoglycans and type Ⅱcol agen, and the expression level of type Ⅱ col agen in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s after chondrogenic induction was higher than that in the adipose-derived stem cel s. The in vitro proliferation of adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s was rapid and stable, but the proliferative ability of adipose-derived stem cel s was faster than that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. When cultured in single layer, both adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could transform into chondrocytes under certain conditions, but bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s seemed to be more potential than adipose-derived stem cel s.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the improvement of supervision system of online drug sale in China. METH-ODS:Usingonline pharmacyonline drugstoreinternet drugssupervisionas keywords,CNKI,Wanfang database from Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2016 and related websites were retrieved,experience about legislation,legal provisions and regulatory bodies in the United States,Britain,Germany and other countries were summarized. The problems existing in the current supervision system in China were analyzed,and related suggestions were proposed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The legal system of the online drug sale in the United States,Britain,Germany and other countries is more complete,legislation content is relatively perfect,pay-ing attention to the combination of administrative supervision and industry supervision. The supervision system of online drug sale in China exists problems as follows as legislation level relatively lower,conflict between laws and regulations;the legislation con-tent being not perfect,contents missing or provisions blur in many aspects;law enforcement existing in the government depart-ments,industry regulation being weak and others. It is suggested that the country should develop high-order law when improving the supervision system of online drug sale,modifying the existing law or promulgating the relevant specialized laws by legal form rather than regulations and rules;develop clear,actionable law and learn from foreign related systems (such as electronic evi-dence,blacklist)to improve legal contents;and further clear the powers and responsibilities of the regulatory authorities,actively develop industry associations(such as pharmaceutical association,etc.)to conduct supervision for online drug sale.

Objective To study the expression of tyrosine protein kinase in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and observe the correlation between tyrosine protein kinase and clinical features.Methods A total of 30 cases with HCC were enrolled in this study.ERK,P38,C-jun,JAK2,STAT3 and STAT5 were detected by immunohistochemical method using tissue chip technology.Results The expression of ERK(0.220±0.033),P38(0.174±0.024),C-jun(0.183±0.064),JAK2(0.192±0.044),STAT3(0.197±0.078)and sTAT5(0.181±0.066)in HCC was significantly higher than that(0.065±0.028,0.058±0.028,0.042±0.016,0.070±0.030,0.052±0.024,0.052±0.023)in cirrhosis 1iver tissues(P＜0.01).There was significantly positive correlation of the expression between ERK,C-jun,JAK2,STAT3 and STAT5(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).But the expression of P38 was negatively correlated with ERK in the HCC tissues(r=-0.404,P＜0.05).JAK2 had significant correlation with tumor differentiation.The expression of J AKz in stage Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ cancer tissues.Conclusion There is important significance of the excessive activation of MAPK and JAK-STAT signaI transduction in hepatocellular carcinoma process.The unbalance of signal transduction might be one of the pathogenesis of tumor progress.

Objective To investigate the value of Doppl er tissue imaging (DTI) in detecting chronic ischemic myocardium before and after gene transfer. Methods An Ameroid constrictor was placed around the left circumflex artery of each open-chest pig. After 4 weeks, groupⅠandⅡwere intramyocardially administrated recombinant adenovirus coding for the vascular endothelial growth factors(Ad.VEGF-B) or phosphate buffer(PB). After 4 weeks, their hearts were removed for pathological investigation. Color M-mode, two-dimensional and spectrum DTI of lateral-posterior wall before operation, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after Ameroid placement, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after administration were studied. Results Color of normal myocardium was bright, filling and distinct stratified, and of ischemic myocardium faint, local lost and cloudy stratified. After gene transfer, color filling became better and stratification distinct. Normal V S of apical four chamber view (AP-4CV) was greater than that of left ventricular papillary muscle level short axis view (LVPM-SAM)(P

Objective:To investigate the TCM pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods: Correlation of kidney deficiency and blood stasis and invasion of PD is analyzed based on such points as age of onset,symptoms,location,course of disease,mechanism of molecular biology and treatment.Results: It proved that deficiency of kidney and debility of marrow is the internal condition,and blood stasis is the necessary factor.Pathogenesis of PD includes the characteristic of kidney deficiency and blood stasis,deficiency correlated to stasis.In addition,Chinese herb formula with function of strengthening kidney and activating circulation shows the anti-brain-aging and neuroprotective effect to PD.Conclusion: Kidney deficiency and blood stasis is the fundamental pathogenesis of PD.

Objective:To investigate the electromyography activities of the facial and neck muscles during mandibular movement in children with high-angle.Methods:A computer-integrated BioEMG Ⅱ diagnostic system was used to synchronously record the electromyography activities of temporal anterior(TA), masseter muscle(MM), sternocleidomastoid(SCM) and digastric anterior(DA) muscles during mandibular movement in 14 children with high-angle and 16 children with normal-angle.Results:Muscular activity of TA, DA and SCM in children with high-angle was significantly weaker than that in those with normal-angle in the rest position(P

0.05). Conclusion Matrine could significantly down-regulate the mRNA expression of stat3 and stat5 and protein expression of STAT3 and STAT5 in SMMC-7721 cells. So matrine could inhibit the signaling transduction pathway of JAK-STAT and inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells.

ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical efficacy ofYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine for children with recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI).Methods CNKI, VIP, WANFANG DATA, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the clinical and immune effects ofYupingfeng Granules in children with RRTI from inception to October 2015. Two researchers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of included studies. Then Meta analysis was performed through the software RevMan 5.3.Results A total of 8 articles involving 550 patients were included. The results of Meta analysis showed effective rate ofYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine for children with RRTI [OR=4.16, 95%CI (2.49, 6.95),P<0.000 01], IgA level [MD=0.52, 95%CI (0.26, 0.78),P<0.000 1], IgG level [MD=2.75, 95%CI (1.25, 4.25),P=0.000 3], CD4+ level [MD=6.15, 95%CI (4.76, 7.54),P<0.000 01], CD4+/CD8+ level [MD=0.36, 95%CI (0.25, 0.47),P<0.000 01]. All of the above were superior to single western medicine treatment. There was no statistical significance in levels of IgM and CD8+(P>0.05). ConclusionYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine can improve effective rate, antibody level and T-cell level in the treatment of children with RRTI. The overall clinical efficacy is better than single western medicine treatment. However, RCTs with large samples, multiple centers and high quality are needed for further verification.

BACKGROUND: Now, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is international y recognized as gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, but the errors can be found in the measurement results due to the heterotopic ossification and bone hyperplasia exists in the measurement part. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of bone metabolic markers in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures, and to research its correlation with the changes of pathological histology and bone mineral density. METHODS: Four bone biochemical markers in 50 elderly patients with osteoporosic fractures were measured preoperatively. According to the results, 25 patients had significantly increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (considered as the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group), and 25 patients had increased bone alkaline phosphatase (considered as the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group). During operation, the bone tissues of eight patients in each group were treated with hematoxylin-eosin staining and electron microscopy scanning in order to detect the pathological changes. After operation, the patients in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group received salmon calcitonin anti-osteoporosis treatment, and the patients in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group received the anti-osteoporosis treatment of bone peptide injection. The bone mineral density and the four bone biochemical markers were detected again at 6 months after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the preoperative bone mineral density and four biomechanical markers between two groups (P > 0.05). The pathological examination results of bone tissue on the fracture site showed that the number of osteoblasts was reduced and the number of oeteoclasts was increased in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group; while in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group, the pathological examination results showed the number of osteoblasts was reduced; the trabecular bone/bone area ratio was decreased in two groups, and there was a significant difference in the decrease degree between two groups (P < 0.05). The electron microscope scanning showed that the osteoclasts of two groups were more active than that of the normal group. The sloppy of trabecular bone in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group was more obvious than that in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group, and the absorption vacuoles were increased. There were significant differences in the bone mineral density and four biomechanical markers between two groups before and after anti-osteoporosis treatment (P < 0.05). The detection of bone metabolic markers could help us to make it clearly that the main function of osteoblast reduce or osteoclast increase in bone tissue of patients, and guide us to use anti-osteoporosis drugs in target. Pathological histology examination can better reflect the condition of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and trabecular bone in bone tissue on the fracture site. Target application of anti-osteoporosis drugs in the osteoporosis patients can effectively improve the efficacy and reduce the relative complications.

Objective To observe the perfusion changes of porcine chronic ischemic myocardium before and after gene transfer by myocardial contrast. Methods Ten normal pigs were divided into two groups: groupⅠfor gene transfer(6 pigs) and groupⅡ for control(4 pigs). Myocardial contrasts were performed respectively in basic status, 4 weeks after an Ameroid constrictor was placed around the proximal left circumflex artery (LCX) and another 4 weeks after the replication deficient recombinant adenovirus coding for the vascular endothelial growth factors (Ad. VEGF)was administrated into the regional ischemic myocardium in groupⅠ, and the phosphate buffer(PB) was administrated into similar situs in groupⅡ. The perfusion of above mentioned different blood supply myocardium was observed with HP Sonos 5500 and S4 transducer by myocardial contrast. Results The normal left ventricular myocardial wall was uniformly thick and its perfusion was bright and well filling. The chronic ischemic myocardium was thinned and its echo showed the contrast defect. The echo of the myocardium for gene transfer returned to good, but the echo of the control group remained bad including some bright bits and pieces. Conclusions The blood supply of the porcine chronic ischemic myocardium was ameliorated by gene transfer. The perfusion characters of the different blood supply myocardium can objectively reflect the blood supply status of the myocardium.