OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the derma safety of miconazole and chloramphenicol cream (MCC) for Guinea pigs.METHODS:Blank matrix,positive sensitizing agent (2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene) and MCC (high dose and low dose) were applied on normal or damaged areas of the unhairing backs of Guinea pigs to conduct acute toxicity test,sensitivity test and irritation test,respectively.RESULTS:MCC caused no acute toxicity when applied on the skin of Guinea pigs,nor skin/systemic hypersensitive reaction was noted after repeated sensitization.Single or multiple dosing of MCC caused no irritation on normal skin of Guinea pigs but caused mild irritation on damaged skin which disappeared after 48 h or 72 h.CONCLUSION:MCC has good dermo safety for Guinea pigs.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and regularity of antineoplastic medicine-induced adverse drug reaction (ADR) occurred in our hospital. METHODS: 162 antineoplastic medicine-induced ADR cases reported in our hospital from 2005 to 2008 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients’age and sex, categories of drugs, route of administration, drug combination,organs and systems involved in ADR and clinical manifestation, etc. RESULTS: Of the total 162 ADR cases, proportion of men was similar to women. 68 cases (41.98%) were old persons aged older than 60. 123 cases(75.93%) were single use of drugs, 39 cases(24.07%) were combined use of drugs. 39.51% of ADR cases were induced by antineoplastic medicine made from plants and took up the first place in terms of incidence of ADR. 36.42% of ADR cases dominantly manifested as lesion of skin and its appendants. CONCLUSION: ADR monitoring of antineoplastic medicine should be strengthened to ensure rational and standardized use of antineoplastic medicine, avoid or reduce the occurrence of severe ADR.

Objective:To investigate the TCM pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods: Correlation of kidney deficiency and blood stasis and invasion of PD is analyzed based on such points as age of onset,symptoms,location,course of disease,mechanism of molecular biology and treatment.Results: It proved that deficiency of kidney and debility of marrow is the internal condition,and blood stasis is the necessary factor.Pathogenesis of PD includes the characteristic of kidney deficiency and blood stasis,deficiency correlated to stasis.In addition,Chinese herb formula with function of strengthening kidney and activating circulation shows the anti-brain-aging and neuroprotective effect to PD.Conclusion: Kidney deficiency and blood stasis is the fundamental pathogenesis of PD.

Objective To investigate the effects of Wuling Powder on insulin resistance of C57BL/6J mice induced by high lipid diet, and discuss the mechanism. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups:normal group, model group, rosiglitazone group, Wuling Powder in low, middle, and high dose groups, 10 mice per group. Besides the normal group, other five groups were fed with high fat and sugar diet, with a purpose to establish insulin resistance model. Normal group and model group were given pure water. Rosiglitazone group received a gavage with rosiglitazone of 0.75 mg/kg. Wuling Power low, middle, and high groups received gavage with Wuling Power of 1.23, 3.69, 11.07 g/kg, respectively, the does volume was 0.2 mL/10 g, once a day. The weight and abdominal girth were detected every week. At the end of the sixth week, mice were given 12-hour fasting, and their eyeball were taken for blood. The body weight, length, and fat in abdomen and both kidneys were detected. Paraffin section was made with HE staining. FPG and FINS of each group were detected. ISI and IRI were calculated, and TC and TG were detected. Results Compared with the model group, Wuling Powder can significantly reduce the body weight and abdominal girth of mice (P<0.01, P<0.001), improve liver fatty degeneration, lower the FPG, FINS, TCH, TG, IRI, and increase the ISI in mice (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusions Wuling Powder has the effect of preventing insulin resistance of C57BL/6J mice induced by high lipid diet.

Aim In order to observe the pathological features and the dynamic distribution of RH strain T. gondii in main organs of infected mice, using indirect immunoenzymatic technique. To provide pathological diagonsising reference of toxoplasmosis and increase to understand the pathologensis of Toxoplasmosis. Methods Mice were infected intraperitoneally with 103 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain,and the parasites were detected using indirect immunoenzymatic technique in the liver, spleen, lungs and brain at 2,4,6 and 8 days postinfection. Results The liver was the first organ parasitized at D2, followed by spleen and lungs at D4, the brain at D8. At the early phase of infection, parasites were found on the edge of the liver and spleen. A few parasites were detected within the liver, spleen and lungs with time being. But parasites increased progressively and distributed well during the whole phase. The brain was the last organ to be parasitized. Parasites multiplicated rapidly so that the mice were seriously ill and died. Conclusions The indirect immunoenzymatic technique can demonstrate tachyzoites and Toaxoplasma antigen clearly in infected mice during acute stage. Many organs were infected such as liver, spleen,lungs and brain. The results suggest that the organs in the peritoneal cavity were infected directly by tachyzoites as IP infection, then the parasites disseminate through a blood way, and in the end, tachyzoites cross the blood-brain barries to reach the brain.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effects of surgery using scar flap in situ combined with radiotherapy in 24 hours in the restorative treatment of keloids on the auricula and the preventive effects of the therapy in the recurrence of the keloids.MethodsThe scar flap in situ was designed,its size was large enough for covering the wound of the keloid on the auricula.The keloids along the designed lines were excised using local anesthesia,the flap was clipped into the one with even thickness and suitable size which covered the wound tensionlessly to ensure that the scar flap in situ survived well,and then the wound was bandaged with pressure and drained when necessary.18-24 hours after the surgery the wound was perpendicularly irradiated by the 5 MeV high energy electron beam (beta particle) of the Siemens Primus linear accelerator.After the dressing change was performed and the drain was removed; the wound was exposed to the irradiation,3-4 Gy segmentation dose per time,and the wound was then bandaged with pressure.The radiation was performed every two days and four times altogether with a total irradiation dose of 12-16 Gy.Stitches were removed 8-10 days after the surgery.ResultsThere were no avascular necrosis in the 25 scar flaps in situ and the wounds were all primary healing with normal color and fine appearance.All the patients were satisfied with the surgery.There was no recurrence of the 23 patients during the 8 to 42 months' follow-up,but there was a tendency to recur in 2 patients after 4-6 months,and the recurrence was controlled after the beta methasone was locally injected for 2-4 times.ConclusionsIt is not necessary to harvest the flaps on the other sites applying the sear flap in situ in the restorative treatment of keloids on the auricula,and therefore it prevents the formation of the keloids on the donor sites.Furthermore,the surgery is simple and the appearance of the auricula is fine,and it presents satisfactory clinical effects to irradiate the wound in 24 hours after the surgery.

ObjectiveTo compare the sedative effect and safety of dexmedetomidine and midazolam in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing ventilator bundle treatment.MethodsA prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted. Ninety patients receiving ICU ventilator-assisted therapy and ventilator bundle treatments for more than 3 days in the First Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2013 to December 2014 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into two groups for sedative treatment. The patients in dexmedetomidine group (n = 42) were given dexmedetomidine 0.2-0.7μg·kg-1·h-1 to achieve a goal of satisfactory sedation [Richmond agitation-sedation scale (RASS) score 0 to - 2 during the day, and -1 to -3 at night). The patients in midazolam group (n = 48) were given midazolam 2-3 mg intravenously first, and then 0.05 mg·kg-1·h-1 for maintenance. The drug dose was adjusted according to RASS every 4 hours to maintain the appropriate sedation depth. The patients in both groups received continuous intravenous infusion of fentanyl for analgesia. Ventilator bundle treatments included the head of a bed up 30°to 45°, awaken and extubation appraisal, daily use of proton pump inhibitors for peptic ulcer prevention, prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), chlorhexidine mouth nursing, and removal of sputum by suction from subglottic area. When the patients in both groups obtained satisfactory target sedation, daily awakening was conducted, and spontaneous breathing test (SBT) was carried out to determine optional weaning time. When the condition was optimal, weaning was conducted, otherwise ventilator bundle treatments were continued. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (RR) were monitored before and 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 minutes after the treatment, and at the moment of extubation and 30 minutes after extubation. The duration of mechanical ventilation, extubation time, length of ICU stay, and the incidence of adverse events were also recorded. Results Both dexmedetomidine and midazolam could give rise to sedation with same score of analgesia in patients in both groups, and similar effect of sedation and analgesia could be achieved. Compared with midazolam, dexmedetomidine could significantly reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation (hours: 108.33±21.96 vs. 119.85±20.29,t = -2.586, P = 0.011), earlier extubation time (hours: 112.95±22.20 vs. 128.58±26.18,t = -3.031,P = 0.003), length of ICU stay (hours: 149.21±20.47 vs. 163.88±33.59,t = -2.457,P = 0.016), the incidence of delirium [9.5% (4/42) vs. 31.2% (15/48),χ2 = 6.349,P = 0.012], but it would elevate the incidence of severe hypotension [28.6% (12/42) vs. 8.3% (4/48),χ2 = 6.277,P = 0.012] and severe bradycardia [19.0% (8/42) vs. 8.3% (4/48),χ2 = 2.225,P = 0.136]. Both drugs could lower SBP, DBP, MAP, and HR, and the effect in dexmedetomidine group was more significant from 60 minutes after treatment [SBP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 113.12±14.42 vs. 124.40±15.79, DBP (mmHg): 69.02±9.62 vs. 76.94±10.41, MAP (mmHg): 83.76±10.50 vs. 92.77±11.87, HR (bpm): 79.19±12.28 vs. 87.42±17.77,P< 0.05 orP< 0.01]. Both sedatives could significantly lower the rate of spontaneous breathing, and the effect of midazolam group was more significant from 60 minutes after treatment compared with dexmedetomidine group (times/min: 18.27±4.29 vs. 20.07±4.11,P< 0.05).Conclusions The sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in the ICU patients treated with ventilator bundle treatment are satisfactory, and it can shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation, extubation time and length of ICU stay, reduce the incidence of delirium. However, monitoring should be strengthened in order to prevent and control the adverse effects such as severe hypotension and severe bradycardia.

Objective To screen the tumor metastasis related differentially expressed genes in hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC)cells 7402 after stable transfection with FATE/BJ‐HCC‐2 gene .Methods Total RNA was extracted from FATE/BJ–HCC‐2‐transfected HCC(5B4)cells and empty vector control (Mock)cells respectively .Differentially expressed genes were obtained using cDNA microarray .Results Compared with Mock cells ,a total of 1 694 differentially expressed genes were screened out in 5B4 cells ,the 11 gene expressions had obvious differences ,among which the expression amounts in 7 genes were significantly in‐creased ,including MMP‐1 ,PTGS2 ,FN ,CA9 ,IL‐8 ,ILK and Areg .The fold changes were 81 .80 ,49 .86 ,11 .30 ,16 .26 ,3 .48 ,2 .79 and 2 .20 ,respectively .The expression amounts in 4 genes were significantly decreased ,including E‐cadherin ,E‐cadherin , RHOBTB3 ,ALPP and HLA‐DRB4 .The fold changes were -5 .42 ,-2 .23 ,-5 .93 and -8 .03 ,respectively .Conclusion Adopting gene microarray technology can carefully screen the differentially expressed genes of FATE/BJ‐HCC‐2 involved HCC metastasis ,its final goal is to lay a solid theoretical foundation for studying the HCC metastasis mechanism .

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with L isteria septicemia for better clinical diagnosis and management of the disease .Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 13 patients with confirmed diagnosis of Listeria septicemia from July 2009 to November 2013 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University .The clinical features ,laboratory tests ,treatments and clinical outcomes were reviewed and analyzed . Results The vast majority of the 13 patients were immunocompromised or with critical organ dysfunction . The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that penicillin ,ampicillin and levofloxacin were the most active agents against Listeria ,followed by imipenem ,erythromycin , ciprofloxacin and tetracycline .Only 33 .3% of the 13 Listeria isolates were sensitive to oxacillin .Eight patients were cured ,2 improved ,2 died after therapy .The remaining one patient gave up therapy .Conclusions The incidence of Listeria septicemia was associated with advanced age and presence of underlying diseases .Early etiology diagnosis and appropriate antibacterial therapy can improve the outcome of such patients .Actively treating underlying diseases helps reduce the mortality rate .

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of jujuboside A on glomerular cell apoptosis in diabetic rats, and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS SD rats were administered with streptozotocin 100 mg · kg-1 to estabilish the diabetic model. Diabetic SD rats received jujuboside A 10 and 20 mg · kg-1 daily for 4 weeks by lavage administration, respectively. The level of glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) in the blood of each group was measured by fructosamine method. The morphological changes in glomerular cells were observed by PAS staining. Glomerular cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3 was detected by Western blotting. Trans?forming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR. RESULTS Compared with model group, jujuboside A 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 treatment significantly reduced the level of GHb in blood (mmol · L- 1: 10.9 ± 0.8 vs 17.5 ± 1.5, P<0.05; 7.6 ± 0.5 vs 17.5 ± 1.5, P<0.05), PAS positive score of glomerular cells (26.8 ± 3.2 vs 36.4 ± 3.8, P<0.05; 18.4 ± 2.1 vs 36.4 ± 3.8, P<0.05) and the apoptosis of glomerular cells〔(8.2±0.8)%vs (17.6±1.8)%, P<0.05;(5.1±0.5)%vs (17.6±1.8)%, P<0.05〕. Moreover, Bcl-2 protein expression in kidney tissues was elevated (P<0.05), whereas Bax (P<0.05), cleaved caspase 9 (P<0.05) and cleaved caspase 3 (P<0.05) protein expression and TGF-β1 mRNA (P<0.05) expression were reduced after jujuboside A administration. CONCLUSION Jujuboside A can prevent glomerular cell apoptosis in diabetic rats, which may be associated with the regulation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways and TGF-β1 expression.