OBJECTIVE: To discuss the measures for the improvement of the pharmaceutical consultation service(PCS) in the outpatient pharmacy in our hospital.METHODS: The records of PCS from June 2006 to March 2007 in our hospital were collected for an analysis in respect of the drug variety consulted and the contents of PCS etc.RESULTS: Of the total drugs consulted,leading the first three places were cerebro-cardiovascular drug(21%),central nervous system drug(15.4%) and antibiotics(12%).Regarding the contents consulted,leading the first were dosage and administration(31.8%).CONCLUSIONS: To improve the quality of PCS,it is necessary to take such measures as to strengthen training among pharmacists,set computer system for the inquiring of drugs and to popularize the knowledge on drug use in the public etc.

As a transmembrane protein, β-amyloid precursor protein(β-APP) distributes extensively in the central nervous system, has the effect of neurotrophic, and neuroprotective, promote neurite growth and synaptogenesis, β-amyloid(Aβ) is the digestion products of its precursor-APP in the pathological conditions, and it is the main component of senile plaques-the main pathological changes of Alzheimer' s disease (AD), its toxic effects can also induce neuronal apoptosis, The expression of the two proteins after brain injuried has a close relationship with the injury, cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer' s disease and the pathophysiological changes of central nervous system. To explore its expression in the brain after traumatic brain injury can determine the degree of injury, assess the prognosis and open up new avenues for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: To reduce the incidence of the disputes between pharmacists and patients. METHODS: The reasons for the disputes between pharmacists and patients as well as the countermeasures were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The disputes between pharmacists and patients were mainly resulted form pharmacists' dispensing error, improper service attitude or skills, or lack of the ability in dealing with the problems. The quality of pharmaceutical care can be enhanced and the incidence of disputes can be reduced or evaded through institutionalized management, standardized operation and humane concern showed to patients etc.

Through the consultation of TCM ancient classical theory, the relationship of kidney essence, marrow and brain is analyzed. It is discovered that the degenerative brain diseases, represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) share the same etiological basis as "kidney essence deficiency and brain marrow emptiness" and have the mutual pathological outcomes as yang qi declining. The Governor Vessel gathers yang qi of the whole body and maintains the normal functional activity of zangfu organs in the human body through the storage, regulation and invigoration of yang qi. It is viewed that the theory of the Governor Vessel is applied to treat the different degenerative brain diseases, which provides the theoretic support and practice guide for the thought of TCM as the same therapeutic program for the different diseases. As a result, the degenerative brain diseases can be retarded and the approach is provided to the effective prevention and treatment of degenerative diseases in central nerve system:
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Alzheimer Disease ; therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Parkinson Disease ; therapy ; Qi

Objective To investigate the correlation between plasma adiponectin level and microinflammation ,nutrition status in patients undergoing different blood purification treatment .Methods Totally 84 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis over 6 months were randomly assigned to three groups for low‐flux hemodialysis(LFHD)group ,high‐flux hemodialysis(HFHD)group , high‐flux hemodialysis in combination with hemodiafiltration(HFHD+ HDF)group .The baseline and post treatment levels of total protein(TP) ,albumin(Alb) ,prealbumin(PA) ,hemoglobin(Hb) ,`ferritin(FER) ,C reactive protein(CRP) ,potassium(K+ ) ,sodium (Na+ ) ,calcium(Ca2+ ) ,phosphate(P3+ ) ,blood urea nitrogen(BUN) ,creatinine(Cr) ,urea acid(UA) ,intact parathyroid homone (iPTH) ,β2‐microglobulin(β2‐MG) ,cystatin C(Cys C) and adiponectin(ADPN) were compared among three groups .Results Be‐fore the treatment ,the levels of those biochemical indicators were of no significant difference among the three groups .After six months ,plasma ADPN level of HFHD ,HFHD+ HDF increased(P<0 .05) ,and were markedly higher than LFHD(P<0 .05) .In LFHD group ,serum PA ,β2‐MG increased(P<0 .05) after the treatment for six months .In HFHD group ,serum TP ,PA increased , and serum Fer ,CRP ,CysC decreased after the treatment(P<0 .05) .In HFHD+ HDF group ,serum PA ,Hb increased ,and serum Fer ,CRP ,β2‐MG ,Cysc ,BUN decreased after six months(P<0 .05) .After the treatment ,the serum Hb level of LFHD was lower than HFHD ,HFHD+ HDF(P<0 .05);the serum Fer ,CRP ,β2‐MG ,CysC of LFHD were higer than HFHD ,HFHD+ HDF(P<0 .05) .Correlation analysis showed that plasma ADPN level was inversely associated with Fer ,CRP ,CysC ,β2‐MG ,whereas was as‐sociated with PA ,Alb .Conclusion The different ways of hemodialysis could have an effect on the final levels of adiponectin in M HD patients .ADPN can be used as a meaningful indicator of microinflammation ,nutrition status in hemodialysis patients .

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of the root of Myrica nana cheval.METHODS:The constituents were separated and purified by different methods of chromatography,and their structures were elucidated by UV,IR,GM and NMR.RESULTS:Seven compounds were isolated from the root of Myrica nana cheval.Their structures were identified as ?-sitosterol(1),myricanol(2),myricanone(3),ursolic acid(4),quercetin(5),myricetin(6)and myricitrin(7).CONCLUSION:Except for 5,6 and 7,the other compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a new pattern of ward round record for clinical pharmacist and rational use of drug. METHODS: The new pattern of ward round record was established according to domestic and foreign history pattern, The Principle and Proposed Pattern of Clinical Medication History in China, disease course record. This new pattern focused on patients’ disease and medication changes. A case of cardiovascular department was taken as example. RESULTS: Established ward around record contained two parts, i.e. first page and record chart. CONCLUSION: Established pattern is concise and practical and covers essential medical information. It makes communication more easily between pharmacist and doctors and meets the needs of clinical pharmacy practice.

Objective To explore the relationship between cervical lesions in patients with high -risk human papilloma virus(HPV)infection and serum interleukin -1 beta(IL -1 ),interleukin 2(IL -2),interleukin 10(IL -10).Methods 180 cases of cervical lesions were treated in our hospital from August 2013 to August 2015. Among them,105 cases were infected with HPV,and 75 cases were not infected by HPV.The serum levels of IL -2, IL -10 and IL -1βwere observed in two groups,and compared the levels of serum IL -2,IL -10 and IL -1βin patients with different DNA hr -HPV load,the correlation between DNA hr -HPV load and IL -1β,IL -2 and IL -10 levels was analyzed.Results The levels of IL -1β,IL -10,IL -2 were (0.85 ±0.23)ng/L,(182.35 ± 10.02)ng/L,(38.97 ±5.23)ng/L in patients with HPV infection,the levels of IL -1β,IL -10,IL -2 in patients without HPV infection were (0.62 ±0.18)ng/L,(305.42 ±11.13)ng/L,(25.18 ±3.16)ng/L.The levels of IL -1β,IL -10 were significantly higher in HPV group than in without HPV infection group,the level of IL -2 in HPV group was significantly lower than that of uninfected HPV group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =7.222,20.328,-7.558,all P <0.01).There were significant differences in the load of DNA hr -HPV between different pathological changes of cervical lesions,and the DNA hr -HPV load increased significantly with the increase of the degree of disease(t =6.214,19.097,33.906,6.952,6.274,all P <0.05).IL -1βand IL -10 levels from high to low were DNA hr -HPV load volume >1 000,100 -1 000 and <100,IL -2 levels from high to low were DNA hr -HPV load <100,100 -1 000 and >1 000.DNA hr -HPV load was positively correlated with serum IL -1βand IL -10 levels in patients with cervical lesions and HPV infection(r =0.452,0.422,P =0.035,0.019),and nega-tively correlated with IL -2 level(r =-0.398,P =0.027).Conclusion hr -HPV infection is closely correlated with serum IL -1β,IL -2,IL -10 levels in cervical lesions patients,IL -1,IL -2 and IL -10 can be used as impor-tant index for clinical monitoring.

Aim In order to observe the pathological features and the dynamic distribution of RH strain T. gondii in main organs of infected mice, using indirect immunoenzymatic technique. To provide pathological diagonsising reference of toxoplasmosis and increase to understand the pathologensis of Toxoplasmosis. Methods Mice were infected intraperitoneally with 103 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain,and the parasites were detected using indirect immunoenzymatic technique in the liver, spleen, lungs and brain at 2,4,6 and 8 days postinfection. Results The liver was the first organ parasitized at D2, followed by spleen and lungs at D4, the brain at D8. At the early phase of infection, parasites were found on the edge of the liver and spleen. A few parasites were detected within the liver, spleen and lungs with time being. But parasites increased progressively and distributed well during the whole phase. The brain was the last organ to be parasitized. Parasites multiplicated rapidly so that the mice were seriously ill and died. Conclusions The indirect immunoenzymatic technique can demonstrate tachyzoites and Toaxoplasma antigen clearly in infected mice during acute stage. Many organs were infected such as liver, spleen,lungs and brain. The results suggest that the organs in the peritoneal cavity were infected directly by tachyzoites as IP infection, then the parasites disseminate through a blood way, and in the end, tachyzoites cross the blood-brain barries to reach the brain.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of small (5 ～ 10mm),arterially enhancing nodules (SAENs)shown exclusively at the hepatic arterial phase of CT in a hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) surveillance population and to determine risk factors for developing HCC.Methods The study population included 112 patients (maleifemale =100 ∶ 12 ; aged 36 ～ 92 years) with 1 7 5 SAENs who were at risk of HCC.We evaluated serial changes during follow-up(1.4 ～41.8 months,mean 35.7 months) and analysed the initial CT findings of SAENs and the accompanying lesions to elucidate the risk factors for HCC development.Results Of 175 SAENs,101 (57.7％) disappeared and 34(19.4％) persisted.Forty SAENs(22.9％) became HCC in 33 patients(29.5％).Presence of HCC treatment history(P =0.005,risk ratio =7.429),a larger size of SAEN(P =0.003,risk ratio =1.630),presence of coexistent HCC(P =0.021,risk ratio =3.777) and absence of coexistent typical arterioportal shunts (P =0.003,risk ratio =4.459) turned out to be independently significant risk factors for future development of HCC.Conclusion SAENs are frequently seen in an HCC surveillance population and have a 22.9％ probability of becoming HCC on a per-lesion basis.Risk increased particularly when the lesion is associated with a previous or concurrent HCC,a large size or found without a coexistent typical arterioportal shunt.