Objective:To observe the influence of the CD96 and CD71 expressions in the surface of leukemia stem cells (LSC) in the therapeutic effects and prognosis of the children with acute leukemia,and to clarify the relationships between the molecular biological characteristics of LSC in the children with leukemia and their therapeutic effects and prognosis.Methods:Eighty children with acute leukemia were selected as the subjects.Among them, 39 cases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 41 cases were acute myeloid leukemia (AML).The CD96 and CD71 expressions on the surface of LSC were detected with flow cytometry;the therapeutic effects of the first cycle chemotherapy, the survival rate of 5-year, the incidence of infection after chemotherapy, the recurrence rate after chemotherapy, and the incidence of extramedullary infiltration of the children were observed and compared.Results: The CD96 expression on the surface of LSC was positive in 38 cases (47.5%) and the CD71 expression on the surface of LSC was positive in 45 cases (56.3%);the difference of positive expression rates of CD96 and CD71 was not significant (χ2=1.227, P=0.268).The positive expression rates of CD96 and CD71 on the surface of LSC of the children with AML were significantly higher than those in the children with ALL, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=22.225, χ2=34.028, P<0.01).The distribution of therapeutic effects and the clinical efficiency of the first cycle chemotherap, in the children with negative CD96 expression on the surface of LSC were superior to those with positive CD96 expression on the surface of LSC;the distribution of therapeutic effects and the clinical efficiency of the first cycle chemotherapy in the children with negative CD71 expression on the surface of LSC were superior than those with positive CD71 expression on the surface of LSC;the differences between two groups were statistically significant (χ2=11.323, χ2=16.589, P<0.05;U=2.939, U=2.291, P<0.05).The survival rate of 5-year in the children with negative CD96 expression on the surface of LSC was higher than those with positive CD96 expression;the incidence of infection after chemotherapy,the recurrence rate after chemotherapy and the incidence of extramedullary infiltration were lower than those with positive CD96 expression.The incidence of infection after chemotherapy and the recurrence rate after chemotherapy in the children with negative CD71 expression on the surface of LSC were lower than those with positive CD71 expression,and the differences between two groups were statistically significant (χ2=5.051,χ2=13.288, P<0.05).Conclusion: The expressions of CD96 and CD71 on the surface of LSC in the children with acute leukemia has relationship with the subtypes of the disease and the therapeutic effects of the first cycle chemotherapy, which can be used as markers for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic effects.The expression level of CD96 is related to the prognosis of the patients, which can be used as an indicator for predicting the prognosis of patients.

The stereoselective hydrolysis of esmolol in whole blood and in its separated components from rat,rabbit and human was investigated.Blood esterase activities were variable in different species in the order of rat ＞ rabbit ＞ human.Rat plasma showed the high esterase activity and had no stereoselectivity to enantiomers.Rabbit red blood cell (RBC) membrane,RBC cytosol and plasma all hydrolyzed esmolol but with different esterase activity,whereas the hydrolysis in RBC membrane and cytosol showed significant stereoselectivity towards R-(+)-esmolol.Esterase in RBC cytosol from human blood mainly contributed to the esmolol hydrolysis,which was demonstrated with no stereoselctivity.Esterase in human plasma showed a low activity,but a remarkable stereoselectivity with R-(+)-esmolol.In addition,the protein concentration affected the hydrolysis behavior of esmolol in RBC suspension.Protein binding of esmolol enantiomers in human plasma,human serum albumin (HSA) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) revealed that there was a significant difference in bound fractions between two enantiomers,especially for AGP.Our results indicated that the stereoselective protein binding might play a role in the different hydrolysis rates of esmolol enantiomers in human plasma.

Background and purpose:Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays an important role in metabolism of folate and DNA methylation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and chemotherapy side effects in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods:A total of 100 patients with advanced NSCLC conifrmed by pathology were included into this study in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from Jun. 2007 to May. 2009. All patients received the combined chemotherapy of platinum drug and gemcitabine. MTHFR genotypes were determined by allele-specific-PCR technology. Results:In the 100 cases, genotype frequency of MTHFR C677T T/T, T/C and C/C were 20%, 44%and 36%, respectively. Compared with patients of T/T and T/C genotype, patients of C/C genotype were correlated with decreased rate of thrombocytopenia to chemotherapy (P=0.039). No signiifcant differences were observed concerning gastrointestinal toxicity. Conclusion:MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism can be used to predict the adverse reactions to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.

BACKGROUND:There are several routes for stem cel transplantation;however, it is stil unable to determine which one is the best. As for the different individuals with brain injury, the type of transplanted cel s, transplantation route and time wil affect the therapeutic effects.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone marrow mononuclear cel s transplanted via different approaches on neurological function of rats with traumatic brain injury.
METHODS:Bone marrow mononuclear cel s of rats were administered gradient centrifugation with Ficol lymphocyte separation medium, and were labeled with CFDA-SE in vitro as standby. Rat models of traumatic brain injury were established by the method of freefal . After successful establishment of rat models, bone marrow mononuclear cel s labeled with CFDA-SE were immediately transplanted into rats via injured area, lateral ventricle and internal carotid artery. One control group was designated for each transplantation route (bone marrow mononuclear cel s were replaced with the same volume of DMEM). The degree of neurological deficits was evaluated using mNSS scores at different time points after treatment. The brain tissue was harvested after the last neurobehavioral evaluation. The survival and migration of bone marrow mononuclear cel s in the injured area were observed under an inverted fluorescent microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7, 10, and 14 days after treatment, the mNSS scores of rats in al groups were al lower than those at 1 and 3 days (P<0.05). At 7 and 10 days, the mNSS scores of rats in the internal carotid artery transplantation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 14 days after treatment, the number of fluorescence-labeled cel s of rats in the internal carotid artery transplantation group was greater than that in the other groups (P<0.05) and these labeled cel s were widely distributed. The results demonstrate that the neurological function of rats can be improved by transplanting bone marrow mononuclear cel s via the internal carotid artery, and a large number of transplanted cel s can survive and migrate in the injured area.

Purpose:The study was designed to investigate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses.Materials and Methods:Sixty-nine consecutive patients with adnexal masses received trans vaginal contrast-enhanced ultrasound.The image and perfusion features were assessed.Results:All of 26 malignant tumors showed detectable contrast enhancement,including 24 cases with a quick,heterogeneous or branching pattern.Among 39 benign lesions,24 were cystic with circle or half-circle enhancement,including 5 cases with intra-cystic septum or papillae slightly enhanced.The other 15 cases were solid,8 of them had slightly dotted enhancement.There are significant difference in enhancement patterns between benign and malignant masses ( P < 0.0001).The 4 cases of borderline tumors showed progressive,heterogeneous enhancement.Conclusion:Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is of value in the differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses.

Objective To study on 24 hours hernia grassroots level in the district hospital management model practices. Methods The subjects were 283 cases of inguinal hernia patients selected from January 2008 to December 2010 in our hospital as the traditional model of the group , the treatment in the traditional management model , our hospital im-proved the management mode after January 2011 , 326 cases of inguinal hernia patients selected from January 2011 to December 2013 in our hospital as a new model group , that under the new model in 24 hours hernia treatment mode. Results Under the new model,patients waiting for surgery, hospitalization time and the days of antibiotic use were sig-nificantly shorten than the traditional model , the cost of hospitalization was significantly reduced , the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Under the new model, patient satisfaction was significantly higher than the traditional model, and the complication rate was significantly lower than the traditional model, the difference was statistically sig-nificant (P<0.05). Conclusion 24 h hernia is safe, effective, and economic characteristics, enabling a more rational use of health care resources and deployment , significantly reducing health care costs , can promote the application in district hospitals.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of incisional wound infection and put forward prevention measures to control the incision infection in patients under craniectomy.Methods Seventy patients with infection and 70 without infection of incisional wound among 1756 patients undergoing craniectomy from January 2011 to December 2013 were chosen in our study;and their clinical data were retrospective analyzed;etiological examination was performed on the secreta of these patients;the high risk factors of incisional wound infection were analyzed using multivariable Logistic regression.Results As compared with those in the non-infection group,patients in the infection group had significantly older age,lower albumin and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores,higher blood glucose level and APACHE Ⅱ scores,and higher percentages of surgical access station,microscopy applications,duration of surgery＞4 h and blood transfusion (P＜0.05).Pathogenic bacteria was positive in 88.57％ patients (62/70),including 45.71％ gram negative bacilli,40.00 ％ gram positive coccus and 2.86％ fungus.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis further showed that albumin,blood glucose,microscopy applications,duration of surgery＞4 h,blood transfusion,APACHE Ⅱ scores and GCS scores were significantly associated with incision infection,being the independent risk factors for incision infection.Conclusions To aim directly at the high-risk factors of incision wound infection,such as albumin,blood glucose,microscopy applications,duration of surgery,blood transfusion,APACHE Ⅱ and GCS,we should develop reasonable and effective preventive measures to reduce the incidence of incision infection and improve patient prognosis.

BACKGROUND:The specific mechanism of Gushukang,as a Chinese traditional patent medicine for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis of kidney deficiency and blood stasis,needs further studies. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Gushukang on serum sex hormones,bone microstructure and estrogen receptor in postmenopausal osteoporosis. METHODS:Firstly,network pharmacological analysis was performed.The active ingredients and action targets of Gushukang and the targets of postmenopausal osteoporosis were obtained respectively.Cytoscape was used to construct the active ingredient-target network.STRING database and Cytoscape were used for protein-protein interaction analysis and screening of core targets.DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses of intersection targets.Then the ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the animal experiment.Gushukang was administered by gavage for 3 months.The serum estrogen level was detected by ELISA,the bone microstructure was detected by microCT,and the protein expression of estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β in bone tiusse was detected by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The network pharmacological research results identified 132 active ingredients and 150 targets of Gushukang and 1155 targets of postmenopausal osteoporosis.After intersections with 1155 postmenopausal osteoporosis targets,87 targets of active ingredients of Gushukang against postmenopausal osteoporosis were obtained.By constructing the active ingredient-target network,it was found that the active ingredients at the core were quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,naringin and isorhamnetin,and the targets at the core were NCOA2,ESR2,AR,F2,ESR1 and PTGS1.The final targets obtained after the protein-protein interaction analysis and screening included MAPK8,ESR1,JUN,R3C1,RELA and FOS,of which ESR1 was the common core target obtained from the two analyses.KEGG enrichment analysis showed estrogen,tumor necrosis factor,apoptosis and other signaling pathways.Therefore,animal experiments focused on the effect of Gushukang on different subtypes of estrogen receptors in the estrogen signaling pathway.The results showed that in the Gushukang group,bone microstructure was significantly improved,serum estrogen level had no significant change,but the protein expression of estrogen receptor α and β in bone tissue was significantly increased.All the findings indicate that the mechanism of Gushukang in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis may be related to its hormone-like effect and the enhancement of estrogen receptor expression.

Objective: The study aimed to explore the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and the Big Five personality traits of middle school students, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the healthy development of middle school students personality. Methods: A total of 5 724 middle school students from Xuancheng, Hefei and Huaibei of Anhui Province were selected by using a multi stage stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey, including demographic characteristics, CM experience and Big Five personality traits. Linear regression analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to explore the associations between CM and the Big Five personality traits. Results: Physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect of middle school students were significantly associated with conscientiousness ( β = -1.71 --2.55) and neuroticism ( β =1.93-3.87) personality traits( P <0.05). Except physical abuse, all other types of CM were significantly associated with extraversion ( β =-1.04--2.32) and agreeableness ( β =-1.07--1.37) personality traits( P <0.05), and only sexual abuse was associated with openness personality trait( β=-0.70, P <0.05). Except for openness personality trait, the relationship between the number of CM experience and the personality traits of middle school students was statistically significant; there was a dose response relationship between the number of CM experiences and the scores of personality traits each dimension( P < 0.05). In the canonical correlation analysis, the canonical correlation coefficient was -0.375( P <0.05). CM experiences were mainly reflected by emotional abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect (canonical load coefficient was 0.556-0.951). The Big Five personality traits were mainly reflected by neuroticism, conscientiousness and extraversion (canonical load coefficient was -0.702 -0.639). Conclusion There is a correlation between CM and the personality traits of middle school students, and prevention of CM is of great significance for promoting the healthy development of middle school students personality.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after surgeries in Yunnan Province. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic features, vascular risk factors, severity at admission, and aneurysm locations in 85 patients with aSAH receiving surgical interventions in Yunnan Province. All the patients were treated by aneurysm clipping or coiling and followed up for clinical outcomes and recovery of daily activities evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, respectively. RESULTS: Thirty-four of the patients (40.0%) underwent aneurysm clipping and 51 (60.0%) underwent aneurysm coiling. During a median follow- up period of 66.23 months (IOR, 12.03 months), 84.7% of the patients had low mRS scores, and 78.8% lived independently. The WFNS grade at admission was significantly correlated with the follow-up mRS scores (95%: 1.48-19.09, =0.011) and ADL (95%: 2.55-28.77, < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age (95%: 1.02-1.23, =0.017; 95%: 1.00-1.15, =0.038) and a high WFNS grade at admission (95%: 2.19-141.48, =0.007; 95%: 2.84-82.61, =0.002) were independent predictors of both mRS and ADL scores at follow-up. There was no significant difference in clinical outcomes or the length of hospital stay between the two treatment strategies ( > 0.05), but the cost of hospitalization was significantly higher in coiling group than in the clipping group ( < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both aging and a high WFNS grade at admission are associated with a poor prognosis of aSAH, for which aneurysm clipping and coiling have similar long- term outcomes, but for patients with a high WFNS score, aneurysm clipping is favored over coiling in terms of health economics.