OBJECTIVE: To discuss the measures for the improvement of the pharmaceutical consultation service(PCS) in the outpatient pharmacy in our hospital.METHODS: The records of PCS from June 2006 to March 2007 in our hospital were collected for an analysis in respect of the drug variety consulted and the contents of PCS etc.RESULTS: Of the total drugs consulted,leading the first three places were cerebro-cardiovascular drug(21%),central nervous system drug(15.4%) and antibiotics(12%).Regarding the contents consulted,leading the first were dosage and administration(31.8%).CONCLUSIONS: To improve the quality of PCS,it is necessary to take such measures as to strengthen training among pharmacists,set computer system for the inquiring of drugs and to popularize the knowledge on drug use in the public etc.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of urantide on myocardial apoptosis in rats induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS ① In vivo test A rat myocardial I/R injury model was induced by ligating and untying the left anterior descending coronary artery with occlusion 30 min/reperfusion 60 min. Urantide 3, 10 and 30 μg·kg-1 was iv given 10 min before ischemia. TUNEL labeling was used for apoptosis measurement in myocardium. Immu-nohistochemical assay was used for Bcl-2 and Bax proteins expression detection. ② In vitro test An H/R cell model was set up by 3 h hypoxia/3 h reoxygenation. Urantide 0.1,1 and 10 nmol·L-1 was added just before hy-poxia, respectively. Hoechst33258 assay and flow cytometric techniques were used to detect apoptotic cells. RESULTS ① In vivo test Compared with sham group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells in I/R model group significantly increased (P<0.01) ; Bcl-2 protein expression slightly increased with no significant difference, Bax protein expression markedly increased ( P < 0. 01 ) , while Bcl-2/Bax ratio in I/R model group significantly decreased (P <0.01). Compared with I/R model group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells in urantide 10 and 30 μg·kg-1 groups was significantly decreased by about 36.6% and 57. 2% (P<0.05) ; Bax protein expression markedly decreased ( P <0.05 ) , while Bcl-2/Bax ratio was significantly augmented ( P <0.05 ). Urantide 30 u,g-kg1 also markedly increased Bcl-2 protein expression(P <0.05). ② In vitro test Compared with normal control group, the apoptosis rate in H/R model group significantly increased (P<0. 01). Hoechst33258 assay revealed that urantide 0.1, 1 and 10 nmol·L-1 reduced H/R-induced apoptotic nuclei by about 27.9% , 59.0% and 75. 4% , respectively (P <0.05). Flow cytometric techniques showed that the apoptosis rate was significantly reduced by about 32.8% and 64. 7% with administration of urantide 1 and 10 nmol·L-1 (P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION Urantide exerts an inhibitory effect on I/R or H/R-induced apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 protein expression and decreasing Bax protein expression.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of the potent UT receptor(urotensin Ⅱ receptor,UTS2R)antagonist-urantide against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury and its probable mechanisms in rats.Methods Rat myocardial I/R injury was induced by ligating and untying the left anterior descending coronary artery.The rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups:sham group,model group,urantide 3 ?g?kg-1 group,urantide 10 ?g?kg-1 group,urantide 30 ?g?kg-1 group and Ver(Verapamil)1.6 mg?kg-1 group.All animals except sham group were subjected to 30 min of occlusion and 60 min of reperfusion.Urantide or Ver was given ten minutes before occlusion through intravenous drug perfusion.Heart rate(HR)and the ST segment change of electrocardiogram(ECG)were recorded.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO),and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and nitric oxide synthase(NOS)in blood serum were measured.Infarct size(IS),as a percentage of the area at risk(AAR),was determined by Evans blue and TTC double staining.The expression of iNOS protein was detected by western blotting.Results The results demonstrated that during the process of I/R,HR decreased significantly whereas ST segment of ECG markedly elevated.After I/R,MDA content and LDH activity in blood serum increased significantly,while total NO content and total NOS activity decreased sharply.Urantide(10,30 ?g?kg-1)had no significant effect on HR changes,but could markedly inhibit the elevation of ST segment of ECG,MDA content and LDH activity,and inhibit the decline of total NO content and total NOS activity,at the same time decrease I/R induced IS/AAR.But 3 ?g?kg-1 urantide had no significant effect on above indexes.Except for this,urantide(10,30 ?g?kg-1)down-regulated the I/R induced expression of iNOS.Conclusions Our findings indicate that urantide has a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in rats.The cardio-protective involves the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the stimulation of NO release.

This paper summarizes the experiences of nursing care for children patients with Pavlik harness in the treatment of developmental hip dysplasia. Nurses attended to the children immediately after the diagnosis was identified. Cooperating with orthopedic surgeon,nursing care mainly focused on family health education,follow-up and guidance on how to prevent the leg from the position of over abduction,as well as guidance on daily life,skin care and positions being holded. As a result,43 children achieved stable reposition with Pavlik harness while 4 cases changed to manipulation reposition integrated with casting whose femoral head had not reduced to the acetabulum. No femoral head necrosis and limb contracture happened except 3 cases suffered from slight skin damage.

As a transmembrane protein, β-amyloid precursor protein(β-APP) distributes extensively in the central nervous system, has the effect of neurotrophic, and neuroprotective, promote neurite growth and synaptogenesis, β-amyloid(Aβ) is the digestion products of its precursor-APP in the pathological conditions, and it is the main component of senile plaques-the main pathological changes of Alzheimer' s disease (AD), its toxic effects can also induce neuronal apoptosis, The expression of the two proteins after brain injuried has a close relationship with the injury, cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer' s disease and the pathophysiological changes of central nervous system. To explore its expression in the brain after traumatic brain injury can determine the degree of injury, assess the prognosis and open up new avenues for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: To reduce the incidence of the disputes between pharmacists and patients. METHODS: The reasons for the disputes between pharmacists and patients as well as the countermeasures were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The disputes between pharmacists and patients were mainly resulted form pharmacists' dispensing error, improper service attitude or skills, or lack of the ability in dealing with the problems. The quality of pharmaceutical care can be enhanced and the incidence of disputes can be reduced or evaded through institutionalized management, standardized operation and humane concern showed to patients etc.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of antibacterials in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in our hospital.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on 77 COPD inpatients with respect to the varieties of antibiotics,DDDs,drug costs,routes of administration,medication duration,combined use of antibiotics,therapeutic outcome,bacterial culture and susceptibility test,adverse drug reactions(ADR)and irrational drug use etc.RESULTS:100% of the patients received antibacterials.Topping the first five places on the DDDs list were levofloxacin,cefuroxime,amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium,ceftazidime and azithromycin.The combined use of two kinds of antibiotics accounted for 77.65% versus 2.35% of three kinds concomitantly.CONCLUSION:The use of antibacterials in COPD patients in our hospital is basically rational;however,the indications of antibacterials for COPD patients should be followed strictly toachieve rational and standard drug use.

Objective:To evaluate the occlusal function of patients with Class ⅡDivision 1 malocclusion.Methods:T-Scan II system 4.02 was used to record total occlusal force(TOF),asymmetry index of occlusal force(AOF),number of occlusal contacts(NOC),asymmetry index of occlusal area(AOA),center of force(COF),maximal movement of COF(MMCOF),occlusal interference index(OII)of 26 Class ⅡDivision 1 malocclusion in the intercuspal position(ICP)comparing with 26 normal occlusion.Results:TOF in Class ⅡDivision 1 malocclusion was significantly smaller than that in normal occlusion(P0.05);AOF,AOA,COF,MMCOF,OII in ClassⅡ1 were significantly higher than those in normal occlusion(P

70%)in 3 cases with MDS and in 4 cases with GDC,Partial(

Objective To study the influence of Naikan therapy on depression in patients with Schizophrenia.Methods 256 patients with Schizophrenia were divided into study group and control group according to the set sequence.The study group was simulated by Naikan therapy and the control group was given routine cure.All patients were assessed by Positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS),Simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ),Defense way questionnaire (DSQ),Hamilton depression scale (HAMD),and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA).Restlts In the 6th week,the differences in HAMD score,Cover factor,negative coping were statistically significant between the two groups (t=2.37,2.33,2.36,P＜0.05).The differencs in HAMA score,Cover factor,negative coping were statistically significant between the 0th and the 6 th week in the study groups (t =2.31,2.42,2.47,P＜ 0.05).The difference of PANSS score were statistically significant between the 0th and 6th week of the two groups.Concltsion The Naikan therapy can improve the mental symptoms and depressive symptoms in patients with Schizophrenia.