Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been recognized as an effective treatment for patients at high risk for surgery. An antimigration metal stent with tapered thin delivery system has recently been developed. The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and longterm outcomes of EUS-GBD using the new metal stent. Methods: Between April 2017 and March 2020, 21 patients with acute cholecystitis unsuitable for cholecystectomy underwent EUS-GBD using the metal stent. The stent was 6 mm in diameter and 6 cm in length, with a large flare at both ends for antimigration, and mounted in a 7.5 Fr delivery catheter, which requires no dilation devices. We retrospectively evaluated clinical and technical success, adverse events, and stent patency. Results: The technical and clinical success rates of EUS-GBD using the metal stent were 95.2% and 100%, respectively. For 75% of the patients, metal stents could be placed without dilatation of the needle tract. These patients had significantly shorter procedure time (23.6 ± 9.8 min) than patients requiring needle tract dilatation (38.4 ± 17.1 min; P = 0.036). The median follow-up periods were 336 days (interquartile range [IQR] 152–919 days) and 1,135 days (IQR 1,009–1,675 days) for all and alive patients, respectively. No adverse events or recurrence of cholecystitis due to stent occlusion that occurred in any patient at follow-up was observed. Conclusion In conclusion, EUS-GBD using the newly designed metal stent showed excellent safety and longterm outcomes, and may be suitable as an alternative treatment in patients who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been recognized as an effective treatment for patients at high risk for surgery. An antimigration metal stent with tapered thin delivery system has recently been developed. The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and longterm outcomes of EUS-GBD using the new metal stent. Methods: Between April 2017 and March 2020, 21 patients with acute cholecystitis unsuitable for cholecystectomy underwent EUS-GBD using the metal stent. The stent was 6 mm in diameter and 6 cm in length, with a large flare at both ends for antimigration, and mounted in a 7.5 Fr delivery catheter, which requires no dilation devices. We retrospectively evaluated clinical and technical success, adverse events, and stent patency. Results: The technical and clinical success rates of EUS-GBD using the metal stent were 95.2% and 100%, respectively. For 75% of the patients, metal stents could be placed without dilatation of the needle tract. These patients had significantly shorter procedure time (23.6 ± 9.8 min) than patients requiring needle tract dilatation (38.4 ± 17.1 min; P = 0.036). The median follow-up periods were 336 days (interquartile range [IQR] 152–919 days) and 1,135 days (IQR 1,009–1,675 days) for all and alive patients, respectively. No adverse events or recurrence of cholecystitis due to stent occlusion that occurred in any patient at follow-up was observed. Conclusion In conclusion, EUS-GBD using the newly designed metal stent showed excellent safety and longterm outcomes, and may be suitable as an alternative treatment in patients who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been recognized as an effective treatment for patients at high risk for surgery. An antimigration metal stent with tapered thin delivery system has recently been developed. The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and longterm outcomes of EUS-GBD using the new metal stent. Methods: Between April 2017 and March 2020, 21 patients with acute cholecystitis unsuitable for cholecystectomy underwent EUS-GBD using the metal stent. The stent was 6 mm in diameter and 6 cm in length, with a large flare at both ends for antimigration, and mounted in a 7.5 Fr delivery catheter, which requires no dilation devices. We retrospectively evaluated clinical and technical success, adverse events, and stent patency. Results: The technical and clinical success rates of EUS-GBD using the metal stent were 95.2% and 100%, respectively. For 75% of the patients, metal stents could be placed without dilatation of the needle tract. These patients had significantly shorter procedure time (23.6 ± 9.8 min) than patients requiring needle tract dilatation (38.4 ± 17.1 min; P = 0.036). The median follow-up periods were 336 days (interquartile range [IQR] 152–919 days) and 1,135 days (IQR 1,009–1,675 days) for all and alive patients, respectively. No adverse events or recurrence of cholecystitis due to stent occlusion that occurred in any patient at follow-up was observed. Conclusion In conclusion, EUS-GBD using the newly designed metal stent showed excellent safety and longterm outcomes, and may be suitable as an alternative treatment in patients who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy.

Background/Aims: Rosemont classification (RC) with en-doscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is important for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis (CP) but is based only on subjective judgement. EUS shear wave measurement (EUS-SWM) is a precise modality based on objective judgment, but its usefulness has not been extensively studied yet. This study evaluated the utility of EUS-SWM for diagnosing CP and esti-mating CP severity by determining the presence of endocrine dysfunction along with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Between June 2018 and December 2018, 52 patients who underwent EUS and EUS-SWM were classified into two groups according to RC: non-CP (indeterminate CP and normal) and CP (consistent and suggestive of CP). The EUSSWM value by shear wave velocity was evaluated with a me-dian value. The EUS-SWM value was compared with RC and the number of EUS features. The diagnostic accuracy and cutoff value of EUS-SWM for CP and DM and its sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: The EUS-SWM value significantly positively correlated with the RC and the number of EUS features. The EUS-SWM values that were consistent and suggestive of CP were significantly higher than that of normal. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve for the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-SWM for CP was 0.97. The cutoff value of 2.19 had 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity. For endocrine dysfunction in CP, the AUROC was 0.75. The cutoff value of 2.78 had 70% sensitiv-ity and 56% specificity. Conclusions EUS-SWM provides an objective assessment and can be an alternative diagnostic tool for diagnosing CP. EUS-SWM may also be useful for pre-dicting the presence of endocrine dysfunction.