Objective To study the chemical constituents of Peperomia dindygulensis. Methods Chromatography was used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents, their structures were identified by spectral analyses. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as bis-(2-methoxy-4, 5-methylenedioxy)-benzophenone (Ⅰ), peperomin B (Ⅱ), peperomin C (Ⅲ), 5-hydroxy-4′, 7, 8-trimethoxy flavone (Ⅳ), 5-hydroxy-3′, 4′, 7, 8-tetramethoxy flavone (Ⅴ), 5, 3′-dihydroxy-4′, 7, 8-trimethoxy flavone (Ⅵ), ?-sitosterol (Ⅶ), hexadecanoic acid (Ⅷ). Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound named as dindygulensin. All compounds, except Ⅴ, are isolated from P. dindygulensis for the first time.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Smad7 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on proliferation in human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990,with a focus on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2).To explore the underlying mechanism of the role of Smad7 in the pathogenesis and development of pancreatic cancer.MethodsSmad7 ASODN was transfected into SW1990 cells through lipofectamine.Nosense oligodeoxynucleotide (NSODN),ASODN and lipofectamine was used as control. The transfection efficiency was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.The expressions of Smad7,MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in transfected cells were detectedby RT-PCR and Western blot.Cell viability was assessed by dimethyl thiazoldiphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) method. Results Smad7 was expressed in SW1990 cells.The transfection efficiency of SW1990 was 81.2％.The expressions of Smad7 mRNA were 0.34 ± 0.06,0.95 ±0.07,1.03 ± 0.11 in transfected group,ASODN and lipofectamine group; and the expressions of MMP-2 mRNAwere 0.54 ± 0.08,1.15 ± 0.13,1.27 ± 0.16 ; and the expressions of TIMP - 2 mRNA were 0.26 ±0.07,0.72 ± 0.13,0.78 ± 0.17,the mRNA expressions were significantly reduced in Smad7 ASODN transfected group,compared with other two groups (P ＜0.01 ).The expressions of Smad7 protein were 0.14 ± 0.03,0.29 ± 0.05,0.28 ± 0.07 in transfected group,ASODN and lipofectamine group; the expressions of MMP-2 protein were 0.17 ±0.02,0.29 ±0.05,0.31 ±0.04,and the expressions of TIMP-2 protein were 0.20 ± 0.03,0.41 ± 0.11,0.43 ± 0.09,the protein expressions were significantly reduced in Smad7 ASODN transfected group,compared with other two groups (P ＜0.01 ).The A490 values of proliferation were 0.83 ± 0.03,1.02 ±0.02,0.99 ±0.02 in transfected group,ASODN and lipofectamine group,the proliferation were significantly reduced in Smad7 ASODN transfected group,compared with other two groups (P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionsSmad7 ASODN could effectively inhibit the expressions of Smad7,therefore decrease the expressions of MMP-2,TIMP-2 and reduce the proliferation.

AIM: To explore the therapeutic effect of malleolus radialis implantation with vascularized periosteal flap for disunion of carpal navicular fracture, and investigate the characteristics of tissue implantation. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with disunion in carpal navicular fracture were selected from Jiangyin People's Hospital from January 2000 to January 2006, with the informed consents of all the patients. They were treated with implantation of malleolus radialis with vascularized periosteal flap, fixed with plaster cast for 8-10 weeks. Therapeutic effect was evaluated as: ①excellent: normal activity of carpal joints, without soreness sense, fracture line disappeared by X ray;②fine: uncomfortable activity of carpal joints, with slight limitations, fracture line disappeared by X ray. RESULTS: ①All 32 cases of the disunion in carpal navicular fracture were synostosis displayed by X ray.②There were 23 cases followed up for 3-12 months, 7 cases for 13-24 months, and 2 cases for 25-36 months. Carpal joints function achieved the standard of the uninjured side, without pain or affection on daily life.③The therapeutic effect was excellent in 22 cases, fine in 10 cases, and good rate was 100%. CONCLUSION: Implantation of malleolus radialis with vascularized periosteal flap is an effective way to treat the disunion of carpal navicular fracture.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in Chinese patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the data from 185 patients with non-muscle invaaive urothelial bladder cancer from January 2003 to February 2009. Among the 185 patients, 128 patients were stage Ta compared with 57 patients who were stage T1. There were 87, 53 and 45 patients with grade G1, G2 and G3 respectively. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed on all the patients and all the patients received routine post-operative intravesical instillation. A telephone interview follow-up was conducted on all the patients, and the average follow-up period was 36 months. EORTC risk tables were used to calculate risk scores for recurrence and progression for each patient. The recurrence and progression rates of different risk groups were recorded and compared with the estimated rates by EORTC risk table. Statistical analysis was used for comparison. ResultsTotal 1-year recurrence rate and progression rate for these patients were 25.9% and 3.8% respectively. According to calculated values of the patients, the 1-year recurrence rates of Group 0, Group 1-4, Group 5-9, Group 10-17 were 10.4%(5/48), 21. 5%(14/65), 35. 2% (19/54), 55.6%(10/18), respectively. The 1-year progression rates of Group 0, Group 2-6, Group 7-13, Group 14-23 were 0% (0/43), 1.5% (1/67), 6. 7% (4/60), 13. 3% (2/15). There was no significant difference between the real rates and estimated rates of the EORTC risk tables (P＞0. 05). However,the 1-year recurrence and progression rates between the low risk group, the medium risk group and the high risk group showed significant differences respectively (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The EORTC risk tables are feasible to evaluate the recurrence and progression risk of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in the present cohort. Nevertheless, the long term value and feasibility need more research to confirm.

Objective To discuss the feasibility and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy for treatment of kidney tuberculosis. Methods From March 2005 to February 2009, 28 patients with kidney tuberculosis underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. The patients′ data were reviewed and analyzed. Results There were 18 men and tencwomen with an average age of 36 (26-51) in the cohort. Sixteen patients had lesions on the left kidney and 12 on right kidney. All patients had a normal renal function on the contra lateral side. The severely impaired renal function of the lesion side was confirmed before operation. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was administered to patients for two weeks to six months in advance of the surgery. No active lesion of tuberculosis was found and ESR level was normal before operation. All the operations were successfully performed without switching to open surgery. The average operative time was 170 (121-258) minutes, blood loss was 110 (70-250) ml and average postoperative hospital stay was 5.7 (5-14) days. Peritoneum injury was seen in three patients and incision infection in two patients. No severe complications were observed. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was continued for three months. Twenty-four patients were followed-up, and the average follow-up time was 12.5 (6-20) months. All patients recovered without any lesion remaining. Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy could be a safe and reliable method for the treatment of non-functioning kidney due to tuberculosis.

Objective:To study the changes of oral health indexes in adolescent orthodontic patients under different brushing time, and to provide basis for the orthodontists to give effective dental health promotion in clinic.Methods:A total of 123 adolescent orthodontic patients were included, and they were divided into 1-3min, 3-5 min, 5-7 min and 7-10 min groups based on the brushing time recorded in the period of orthodontic treatment.The relationship between different brushing time and oral health indexes was evaluated 1,3,and 6 months after experiment, such as sulcus bleeding index(SBI),plaque index(PLI), debris index-simplified(DI-S) and enamel demineralization index(EDI).Results:Compared with 1-3 min and 3-5 min groups, the SBI, PLI, and DI-S of the patients in 5-7 min group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).There was no significant differences of SBI, PLI, DI-S , and EDI between 5-7 min group and 7-10 min group (P>0.05).Conclusion:Brushing teeth more than 5 min can improve the oral hygiene significantly and the best time is 5-7 min;the orthodontists should require the patients to brush teeth at least for 5 min.

Objective To establish a multiple regression equation of long delayed recall of the amnestic mild cognitive impairment,in order to predict the scores.Methods 248 old people were investigated by convenience sampling.Auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) was used to evaluate the ability of memory of the old people,and their general demographic data were collected.Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted,the regression model was established and AVLT-long delayed recall scores (N5) to the predicted value got from the 3 times scores of study stage scores (N1,N2,N3) and short delayed recall (N4) of Auditory Verbal Learning Test were compared.Results The multiple linear regression equation between the variables was established.There was no significant difference between N5 and the predicted value.Conclusions N2,N3,N4 could be used to predict N5 during screening of amnestic mild cognitive impairment to make the screening process faster and briefer.When the score ≤4 points,the screening continues,if the score ＞5 points,the screening ceases in order to improve the efficiency of screening.

To explore the relationship between brachial ankle artery pulse wave velocity of the (baPWV) in different estimation GFR (eGFR) groups and atherosclerosis.In 2010,2012 and 2014,eGFR and baPWV were detected in 1 427 healthy persons.As eGFR level decreased,baPWV increased accordingly with higher proportion of baPWV ≥1 400 cm/s.The percentage of eGFR lower than 60 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 was similar in subgroups with different baPWV.However,the proportion of eGFR reduction ≥ 30％ decreased according to the elevation of baPWV.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated the lower the eGFR,the higher the risk of atherosclerosis.Low eGFR is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Objective:To investigate the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts (OC), and to explore its role in orthodontic force-induced root resorption and its relationship with OC.Methods:The mononuclear / macrophage cells RAW264.7 were induced to the OC.Tacrolimus acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and bone resorption lacunae observation were used to identify the induction.CCK-8 method was used to select the appropriate concentration of UA for RAW264.7 cell-free biotoxicity and to observe its effect on the proliferation and differentiation of RAW264.7.In experimental groups, UA with gradient concentrations (1.0,2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0and 40.0 μmol·L-1)were added.UA was not added in control group.Results:The TRAP staining and bone resorption lacunae observation showed that after the RAW264.7 cells were induced for 5 d, the TRAP staining positive cells were found;the resorption lacunae were rounded,and oval, etc,the bottom wall was coarser,and the boundary was clear,which indicated that the RAW264.7 cells were successfully differentiated into the osteoclasts.The CCK-8 detection results showed that high concentration of UA (> 10.0 μmol·L-1) significantly inhibited the proliferation of OC;the appropriate concentration of UA (5.0 μmol·L-1) was in the biological safety concentration range and could inhibit the OC proliferation;low concentration of UA (<2.5 μmol·L-1) had no effect.Conclusion:RANKL can induce the differentiation and maturation of RAW264.7 cells.UA is correlated with the proliferation and differentiation of OC;UA has inhibitory effect on OC at the appropriate concentration (5.0 μmol·L-1) in a time-dependent manner.

Objective: To investigate the impact of blood pressure and age on arterial stiffness in general population. Methods: Participants who took part in 2010, 2012 and 2014 Kailuan health examination were included. Data of brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) examination were analyzed. According to the WHO criteria of age, participants were divided into 3 age groups: 18-44 years group (n=11 608), 45-59 years group (n=12 757), above 60 years group (n=5 002). Participants were further divided into hypertension group and non-hypertension group according to the diagnostic criteria for hypertension (2010 Chinese guidelines for the managemengt of hypertension). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) with baPWV in the total participants and then stratified by age groups. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence of blood pressure on arterial stiffness (baPWV≥1 400 cm/s) of various groups. Results: (1)The baseline characteristics of all participants: 35 350 participants completed 2010, 2012 and 2014 Kailuan examinations and took part in baPWV examination. 2 237 participants without blood pressure measurement values were excluded, 1 569 participants with history of peripheral artery disease were excluded, we also excluded 1 016 participants with history of cardiac-cerebral vascular disease. Data from 29 367 participants were analyzed. The age was (48.0±12.4) years old, 21 305 were males (72.5%). (2) Distribution of baPWV in various age groups: baPWV increased with aging. In non-hypertension population, baPWV in 18-44 years group, 45-59 years group, above 60 years group were as follows: 1 299.3, 1 428.7 and 1 704.6 cm/s, respectively. For hypertension participants, the respective values of baPWV were: 1 498.4, 1 640.7 and 1 921.4 cm/s. BaPWV was significantly higher in hypertension group than non-hypertension group of respective age groups (P<0.05). (3) Multiple linear regression analysis defined risk factors of baPWV: Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that baPWV was positively correlated with SBP(t=39.30, P<0.001), and same results were found in the sub-age groups (t-value was 37.72, 27.30, 9.15, all P<0.001, respectively) after adjustment for other confounding factors, including age, sex, pulse pressure(PP), body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), smoking, drinking, physical exercise, antihypertensive medications, lipid-lowering medication. (4) Multivariate logistic regression analysis of baPWV-related factors: After adjustment for other confounding factors, including age, sex, PP, BMI, FBG, TC, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, antihypertensive medication, lipid-lowering medication, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risks for increased arterial stiffness in hypertension group were higher than those in non-hypertension group, the OR in participants with hypertension was 2.54 (2.35-2.74) in the total participants, and same results were also found in sub-age groups, the ORs were 3.22(2.86-3.63), 2.48(2.23-2.76), and 1.91(1.42-2.56), respectively, in each sub-age group. Conclusion SBP is positively related to arterial stiffness in different age groups, and hypertension is a risk factor for increased arterial stiffness in different age groups. Clinical Trial Registry Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-TNC-11001489.