Objective To investigate the neurosurgery nurses turnover intention and the psychological contract status to analyze the relationship between them. Methods The Departure Will Scale and Questionnaire of Psychological Contract were used to survey 128 neurosurgery nurses from seven general hospitals in Lishui city. Results Of neurosurgery nurses turnover intention scale was (2.24±0.71) points, whose leaving intend was stronger;Psychological contract items was (4.17±0.67) points, which organization responsibility score wasbelow employees responsibility; Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the psychological contract in the organization responsibility (organization specification responsibility, organization, personal responsibility and organizational development responsibility) could predict neurosurgery nurses′ willingness to leave, which could be able to explain their willingness to leave 13.5%of the variation. Conclusions Neurosurgery nurses′willingness to leave is strong, and psychological contract is an important factors affecting the will of their departure.

In order to identify family factors obviously relevant to aggression, and offer a theoretical foundation for the prevention of aggression, 4010 students from primary and secondary schools in 5 different areas in Hubei province were surveyed. The Child Behavior Checklist " parents' form" (Chinese version) and the four scales of Family Environment Scale were used. A multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of children's and adolescents' aggressive behavior. The results showed that maternal education, paternal occupation, family type, parental child-rearing attitude and patterns, students' interpersonal relationship were significantly associated with the children's and adolescents' aggression. The risk factors of aggression were parental child-rearing patterns, peer relationship, teacher-student relationship, and family conflicts.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of mental problems in adolescents is increasingly higher and has gradually become an important factor affecting their health and growth.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the mental health status and its influencing factors in adolescents in some cities and rural areas in Hubei Province.DESIGN: Clustering stratified random sampling, cross-sectional survey.SETTING: Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.PARTICIPANTS: According to the selected investigation spots of National Surveillance of Constitution and Health of Students, we selected representative urban areas (Wuhan City and Huangshi City) and rural areas (Yun County, Xiantao City, and Xiaogan City) in Hubei Province as sample spots. Totally 1 498 adolescents, aged 16-18 years, were surveyed by clustering stratified random sampling. There were 605 adolescents in urban group and 893 in rural group.METHODS: The self-made survey scale was used to investigate general conditions, such as age, parents' occupation and educational level, family type, social atmosphere, school type and atmosphere, and interpersonal relationship. Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was used to determine the adolescents' mentalhealth status; 9 subscales (somatization, obsessivecompulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychosis) were set as the observation indexes. SCL-90 is an inventory which is rated on a 5-point scale. Factor score of SCL-90 ≥ 3 or total score ≥ 160 was considered mental disorders. The family educational pattern was investigated through Egma Minnen av Bardndosnaupporstran(EMBU) by questionnaires. It contained positive rearing pattern and negative rearing pattern. Positive rearing pattern (namely, affectional warmth and understanding) contributes to mental health, while negative rearing pattern (e.g. punishment, firm control, excessive interference, partialism or rejection, denial and excessive protection) is adverse to mental health. The family environment was investigated with Family Environment Scale(FES). Four subscales (intimacy, conflict, intellectual-cultural orientation, and positive-recreational orientation) with high reliability and validity were set as indexes. All participants were given unified instructions and required to fill in anonymous questionnaires. The questionnaires were then collected by the teacher in charge of the class.Some indexes of adolescents in the urban and rural areas were observed including the score of SCL-90 and its relation with general conditions,parental rearing pattern and family environment quality. The total scores of symptom checklist 90 were set as dependent variables for stepwise regression analysis of related factors.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①The incidence of mental health ,gender and regional difference of adolescents in some cities and rural areas in Hubei province; ②The score of SCL-90 and its comparison with national norm;③Correlation analysis of the total scores of SCL-90 with general condition and parents' educational type.RESULTS: ① The general incidence of mental disorders was 18.13 ％ in the 1 498 adolescents in Hubei province. It was 18.20% in boys and 18.04% in girls with no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). Regional differences: The incidence in rural areas [23.74% (212/893)] was significantly higher than that in urban areas [16.69% (101/605), P ＜ 0.05]. Among all kinds of mental disorders, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility,paranoid ideation, and depression were more common. ② Comparison with the national norm: The factor scores of SCL-90 and family environmentalquality were significantly lower that those of the national norm.③ Single factor analysis: The total score of SCL-90 was obviously correlated with age, gender, parents' educational level and expectation, and school atmosphere (P ＞ 0.01). It was negatively correlated with positive rearing pattern (affectional warm, understanding) (P ＞ 0.01), but positively correlated with negative rearing pattern (punishment, firm control, excessive interference,partialism or rejection, and denial). It had significant positive correlation with conflict and significant negative correlation with intimacy, intellectualcultural orientation and positive-recreational orientation(P ＞ 0.01).④Multiple factor analysis: The mental health status of the students was closely related to age, gender, parents' educational level and expectation, interpersonal sensitivity as well as school atmosphere, parental rearing pattern,and quality of family environment.CONCLUSION: The incidence of mental problems in adolescents in some urban and rural areas in Hubei Province is relatively high. Score factors of SCL-90 are all higher than those of the national norm and the mental health level is poor. This has obvious correlation with family factors including age, gender, parents' educational level and expectation, and school atmosphere. Moreover, the quality of family environment and parental rearing pattern are the major factors affecting their mental health.

Objective To investigate the change of the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets,before and after treated by infliximab (IFX) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods From September 2008 to January 2013,a total of 20 patients with IBD accepted more than three times of IFX treatment and on time follow-up were collected,11 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) and nine of Crohn's disease (CD).At same time,20 healthy individuals were enrolled as healthy control group.The efficacy of IFX on patients with UC or CD was evaluated according to Mayo score and simplified Crohn's disease active index (CDAI) before and after treatment.Fasting blood of healthy control group,one day before IFX treatment and in 24 to 72 hours after the third time of IFX injection of IBD patients was collected.The percentage of total T lymphocyte,total B lymphocyte,CD4+ T lymphocyte,CD8+ T lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell in lymphocyte was determined by fluorescent labeled monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry.Independent sample t-test was performed for comparison between two groups.Analysis of variance was for comparison among three groups.Results Three of 11 patients with UC achieved clinical remission,three cases were clinical improved and five cases were ineffectiveness.Among nine CD patients,one achieved clinical remission,six cases were clinical improved and two cases were ineffectiveness.Of UC patients,the percentage of total T lymphocyte before and after treatment ((84.2±8.1) ％ and (82.1±6.2)％),the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocyte before treatment ((40.0± 13.2)％) were all higher than that of healthy control group ((74.7±10.7)％ and (30.5±11.9) ％),while the percentage of NK cell before and after treatment ((5.1±2.8)％ and (7.8±4.3)％) were all lower than that of healthy control group ((13.7 ±7.8)％) and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.540,2.074,2.251,3.464 and 2.063,all P＜0.05).Compared with healthy controls,there were no significant differences in the percentage of total B lymphocyte and CD4+ T lymphocyte of UC patients before and after treatment,the percentage of total T lymphocyte,total B lymphocyte,CD4+ T lymphocyte,CD8+T lymphocyte and NK cell of CD patients before and after treatment (all P＞0.05).Before treatment,there were significant differences among effective treatment group,ineffective treatment group and healthy control group in the percentage of total T lymphocyte,CD8+ T lymphocyte and NK cell (F=4.095,4.571 and 7.432,all P＜0.05),of those there were significant differences between ineffective treatment group ((88.3 ± 8.2) ％,(44.4 ± 11.5) ％ and (4.6 ± 3.2) ％) and healthy control group (t=2.902,2.105 and 3.647,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The percentage of peripheral blood total T lymphocyte and CD8+T lymphocyte increase in active IBD patients with ineffective IFX treatment,however the percentage of NK cell decreases.

BACKGROUND:Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from multiple myeloma patients present a variety of abnormalities, it is unclear how these abnormal mesenchymal stem cels influence the chemotactic function of myeloma cel lines.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate thein vitro effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from normal donors versus multiple myeloma patients on the chemotactic capacity of myeloma cel lines.
METHODS:In vitro cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels derived from either normal donors (N-MSCs group) or newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma patients (MN-MSCs group) were directly co-cultured with U266 cels, in the presence or absence of bortezomib; and then harvested U266 cels were assayed for Transwel migration and mRAN expression of chemotaxis-related genes. U266 Transwel migration to conditioned medium derived from either N-MSCs or MN-MSCs was also tested.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After co-cultured with N-MSCs or MN-MSCs, U266 cels harvested from MN-MSCs group showed increased spontaneous Transwel migration and up-regulated CCR1 mRNA level than those from N-MSCs group (P < 0.05), whatever bortezomib was present or not. However, there was no evident difference between U266 cel Transwel migration to conditioned medium derived from either MM-MSCs group or N-MSCs group. Our study implies that there may be some intrinsic aberrance in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels derived from multiple myeloma patients, which can modulate the chemotactic migration of myeloma cel lines when they directly interact with each other.

Mortality is a key index for assessing technical level and treatment quality of hospital. We filtered and analyzed the literatures about the influence of nurse factors on patient mortality out of China in recent years to guide the study within China. We found the nurse factors impacting mortality included workload, configuration of nursing staff, education status and working environment. Those findings point out the direction of the research on relationship between nurse factors and patient mortality in China, which has great significance.

Aim The present study was designed to investigate the growth inhibition and anti-angiogenesis of arsenic trioxide (As 2O 3) on B16 cells xenografts in C57BL/6J mice and observe the effects of As 2O 3 on cell proliferation, cell morphology, cell cycle and apoptosis in vitro. Methods Mice melanoma cell line B16 was transplanted into C57BL/6J mice. The weight of tumor and percent of tumor development were examined after As 2O 3 intraperitoneal administration. HE staining and immunohistochemistry for Ⅷ-R Ag were performed to detect the microvessel density in tumor tissues. CellTiter 96 Aqueous One was used to determine the cell proliferation. Giemsa and Feulgen staining were used to observe the morphological changes of the cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Results As 2O 3 significantly inhibited the tumor growth in vivo, with an inhibitory rate of 81.61%. The microvessel density in tumor tissues was obviously reduced after treated with As 2O 3. There was obviously a concentration-dependent relationship between As 2O 3 and the inhibition of B16 cells proliferation (P

Objective To explore self-emulsifying particle size characterization methods and compare the regularity of various methods. Methods By setting the clarity level of turbidity standard solution, with two less soluble drugs-diterpene lactone compounds Chuanhuning and dihydropyridine drug nifedipine as model drugs, 10-12 clarity level prescriptions were selected from six different ternary phase diagram. Laser particle size scanner was used to determine the particle size, and UV-visible spectrophotometry to determine its absorbance. Three methods of particle size characterization rules were compared by drawing charts. Results There was a positive correlationship among droplet particle size, absorbance and clarity grade of emulsion formed by prescription in the same phase diagram. But, there was no regularity among droplet particle size, absorbance and clarity grade of emulsion formed by prescription in different phase diagram. Conclusion The droplet particle size of emulsion formed by prescription containing the same drugs and excipients in different proportions can be compared by clarity with visual method or absorbance with UV-visible spectrophotometer.

This study was aimed to prepare solid dispersions of Acanthopanax leaves total flavonoids in order to im-prove its bioavailability. PEG4000, PEG6000, F68, PVPK30 were used as carrier materials in the preparation of four different types of solid dispersion to screen the best type of carrier material and evaluate the amount of carrier mate-rial and its influence on the drug dissolution. Rutin was used as reference substance. NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH was used as the color system, with a UV spectrophotometer measured absorbance at 500 nm. The dissolution characteris-tics of different proportions of solid dispersions were examined in vitro. The results showed that compared with raw material, the in vitro drug release rate with PVPK30 as carrier material in the obtained solid dispersion of the pro-portion of the raw material was significantly improved, and the cumulative release rate was also increased significant-ly. It was concluded that the solid dispersion prepared by solvent method significantly improved in vitro drug release in water.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its treatment options.Methods Clinical data of IBD in-patients treated in Peking University First Hospital from January 1995 to December 2014 were reviewed and the subsequent information in the follow-up was also collected.Based on the onset age, patients were divided into the elderly-onset group (≥60 years old) and the control group (＜60 years old).The general situation, clinical characteristics and treatment options were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results There were 37 patients (9.3％) with IBD in the elderly-onset group, with 25 cases with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 12 cases with Crohn disease (CD).The ratio of gender, smoking, family history of IBD and colon cancer in the elderly-onset and control groups were 1 : 0.9 and 1 : 1.3, 32.4％ and 21.7％, 0.0％ and 6.1％, 0.0％ and 1.9％, respectively, with no significant differences between the two group (P=0.597, 0.139, 0.247 and 0.840).The attack frequency and the percentages of patients with persistent symptoms and severe disease had no statistical differences between the elderly onset and the control groups.Compared with the control group, the elderly-onset group showed that the percentage of UC patients with extensive colitis (E3) was decreased [16.0％ (4/25) vs.41.2％ (117/289) respectively (x2 =6.123, P=0.013)], and the percentage of CD patients with colonic type (L2) was increased [58.3％ (7/12)vs.21.3％ (16/75) respectively (x2=6.447, P=0.011)].For treatment options, the number of patients receiving 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (5-ASA)/sulfasalazine(SASP) as maintenance treatment for more than 1 years were 274 cases (96.9％) in the control group and 22 cases (86.5％) in the elderlyonset group (x2 =6.382, P=0.011).And the number of patients receiving systemic corticosteroids during induction period were 5 cases (19.4％) in the elderly-onset group and 122 case (43.2％) in the control group (x2 =7.617, P=0.006).There were no statistically significances in the number of patients with immunosuppressant, biologics and operation treatment between the two groups.Conclusions The elderly-onset IBD patients are not rare.The inflammation involvement is more limited in the elderly-onset patients than in the young-onset patients.The treatment option for elderlyonset IBD should be more cautious, especially for the treatment with 5-ASA/SASP long-term maintenance and systemic corticosteroids usage.