Objective To identify and clone rat aging-related genes to provide clues for human aging mechanism. Methods Improved different display reverse transcript-PCR method was applied to identify differentially expressed genes in cortex tissues of 4-month and 24-month old BALB/c mouse. Results Forty-two cDNA fragments with differential expression were identified, and 21 with increase and 21 with decrease of expression in old mice. Among them, 17 represented genes with known protein function, 12 represented known gene sequences but their protein function was unknown, and the other 13 probably belonged to new cDNAs. Among the genes with known protein function, 2 genes were associated with oxidative stress, 3 with energy production, and 4 with protein metabolism, respectively. Additionally, gene expression alterations were also found in those related to cell apoptosis, neurodegenerative disorder, and growth and development regulation. Conclusions Rat aging might be related with the alteration of oxidative stress status, energy production and protein metabolism.

Objective To analyze the best methods for diagnostic scanning and image processing of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) in the detection of renal malformations (RM). Methods From June 2008 to Februany 2012, one hundred and four patients with kidney malformation received 64-slice MSCT assay were enrolled in our Hospital. Related materials of the patients were used for retrospective analysis. Diagnostic accuracy of urinary malformation were calculated on the image of axial and MPR, Curve, MIP, VR by MSCT unenhangced scanning, enhangced cortical phase scanning, enhangced parenchymal phase scanning and enhangced excretory phase scanning. Results One hundred and four patients with kidney abnormalities received the MSCT unhangced scan axial and MPR, Curve film, enhangced cortical phase scanning, enhangced parenchymal phase scanning, enhangced excretory phase scanning and MPR, MIP, VR film, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy were as follws: renal dysplasia (72.73%, 81.82%, 81.82%, 72.73%), renal hypoplasia (83.33%, 91.67%, 95.83%, 100%), solitary kidney (100%, 100%, 100%, 100%), ectopic kidney (76.92%, 100%, 100%, 100%), horseshoe kidney (100%, 100%, 100%, 100%),misplaced renal lobe (0%,100%). Conclusion The MSCT with image post-processing techniques in the diagnosis of RM has its unique advantages, MSCT can be preferred as a method for renal malformation examination.

11 mm) and presence of central necrosis are the suggestive morphologic features of metastatic paraaortic nodes.

Objective To discuss the nursing countermeasures of common problems in patients with spinal fracture. Methods All patients received evidence- based nursing in on:ler to tackle problems such as pain, paralysis, pulmonary infection, pressure ulcer, urinary tract infection and deep vein thrombosis. Results No one complicated with pulmonary infection, pressure ulcer and deep vein thrombosis, 2 with lower limb swelling and 3 with urinary tract infection. Conclusions Evidence- based nursing is the base of clinic nursing. It can not only improve the quality of nursing and benefit patients,but also can expand the nurses' knowledge.

Objective To compare the efficiency of enhanced T2* weighted angiography (ESWAN) sequence with that of a conventional T2*-weighted gradient-recalled-echo (GRE T2*WI) sequence for the detection of hemorrhagic shearing lesions in patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI). And combined with MRI parameters, to further discuss the principles and virtues of ESWAN sequence. Methods Seventeen patients with DAI were enrolled in this study. The raw data acquired from ESWAN scan were postprocessed by using the mean square root of multi-echoes. Then, the postprocessed images were compared with the conventional GRE T2* weighted images. The global and regional (superficial, deep and posterior fossa) lesion numbers determined by both sequences were compared by using Wilcoxon signed ranks test (two-tailed). Differences were considered to be significant at P≤0.05. Results Hemorrhagic lesions were more obvious on ESWAN images than those on conventional GRE T2* weighted images. The median and range value of the detected lesion numbers on ESWAN images were 27 and (1-239) in whole brain, 13 and (1-89) in cerebral superficial region, 5 and (0-111) in cerebral deep region and 1 and (0-39) in posterior fossa region, respectively; whereas, on GRE T2* weighted images, they were 7 and (1-34) in whole brain, 5 and (1-27) in cerebral superficial region, 2 and (0-25) in cerebral deep region and 0 and (0-4) in posterior fossa region, respectively. There were significant statistical differences between the two sequences in revealing the lesions in all the four regions (Z=-3.519,-3.182,-3.185,-2.677,P＜0.05). Conclusion In ESWAN sequence, multi-echo acquisition ensured sufficient magnetic susceptibility for detecting small hemorrhagic lesions. So, ESWAN is more sensitive to small hemorrhage, which revealed more hemorrhagic lesions than conventional GRE T2*WI and presented more valuable information for the diagnosis of DAI.

Objective To review our experiences of diagnostic methods and surgical treatment of the left superior vena cava (LSVC) draining into the left atrium.Methods Nineteen patients with LSVC draining into the left atrium were diagnosed and treated surgically from February 1998 to January 2012.All the cases were combined with other congenital heart diseases including patent ductus arteriosus,ventricular septal defect,atrial septal defect,single atrium,triatriatum,partial endocardial cushion defect,anomalous pulmonary venous drainage,right ventricle outflow stenosis,pulmonary valve stenosis,tetralogy of Fallot,double outlet right ventricle,complete endocardial cushion defect,tricuspid atresia.The patients were diagnosed through different methods including echocartiographic examination,cardiac catheterization,computer tomography,and explored during the operation,even postoperatively.All were treated surgically with four techniques including simple ligation to the LSVC,including ligation during a redo procedure; intra atrial rerouting to drainage the flow from the LSVC to the right atrium,atrial septum reconstruction to make the outlet of the LSVC lying in the right side of the patched atrial septal,and bidirectional Glenn shunt to get a physiological result.Results No mortality postoperatively.All the cases were uneventful postoperatively.And the main postoperative course was related only to the main diagnosis of congenital heart disease,not to the left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium.The echo examination result was satisfied before the discharge.The early and long term follow-up(1-11 years) results are excellent,no arrhythmia,no cardiac deficits after echo examination,including stenosis obstruction and residual shunt.No death.Conclusion The diagnostic methods of the LSVC draining into the left atrium are difficult,the only way to make the diagnosis clearly enough before the operation is depending on improving of more and more comprehending to this rare cardiac anomaly,by the pediatric cardiologists,the sinologist,the intensive care unit,and the pediatric cardiae surgeons.The choice of different surgical treatment is depending on the diagnosis and the findings during the operations,and the results are excellent after a suitable choice made.

Objective To analyze and summarize the applicative experience and operative effective of the diaguostictreatment-repair strategy in the transpossion of great arteries(TGA) infants with ventricular septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension more than 6 months.Methods From January 2010 to October 2011,17 TGA cases with ventricular septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension.There were 13 male and 4 female.≥0.5-＜ 1.0 years old 6 cases,≥ 1.0-＜ 3.0 years old 3,≥3.0 years old 8 cases.Combine anomalies: patent ductus arteriosus in 6 cases,atrial septal defect in 5 cases,valve insufficency in 2 cases.All preoperative cases were performed echocardiography,right-sided heart catheterization 3 cases,coronary CT examinationll cases.After diagnostic-treatment 2-4 weeks,all cases performed arterial switch operation under compound intravenous and inhaled anesthesia.Results No operative death.After diagnotic-treatment,SPO2 improved 10％-21％,and mPAP decreased 10-20 mm Hg.Follow-up 11.2 (6,20) months,one dead.Postoperative residual pulmonary arterial hypertension in 35.29％,6/17cases,all of them were ≥3 years old.Continue to pulmonary arterial hypertension targeted drugs treatment for 6-20 months later,pulmonary artery pressure decreased obviously.Conclusion The TGA infants with ventricular septal defect pulmonary arterial hypertension more than 6 months,can be selectively performed arterial switch operation under went diagnostic-treatment-repair strategy,continue to pulmonary arterial hypertension targeted drug therapy postoperation,the effect is good.

Objective To detect the relationship of pathological grade and stage of bladder cancer with common chromosomal aberrations of urine exfoliated cells by FISH. Methods A total of 99 urine samples were detected by FISH with probes of chromosomes 3,7,17 and 9p21 to collect pathological grade and stage information of bladder tumor tissues. Results (1) The aberrations of chromosome 3 and 17 had significant correlation with pathological grade and stage (P<0.05) but that of chromosome 7 had no correlation with pathological stage (P>0.05), but had correlation with grade (P < 0.05). The aberration of 9p21 had no correlations with pathological grade or stage (P > 0.05). (2)The polysomic chromosomal aberrations of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 assessed correlated with high-grade and high-stage bladder carcinoma. The 9p21 deletion was found at a significant frequency in low-grade and low-stage lesions, when, 9p21 amplification was found at a significant frequency in high-grade and high-stage lesions. Conclusions Aberrations of the four chromosomes, especially polysomic chromosomal aberrations of the bladder cancer cases could present a possible trend toward greater chromosome increased with tumor grades and progressive stages of invasion.

Objective To study the application of coronary endarterectomy (CE) in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and to evaluate the effect of CE plus CABG on patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) combined with diffuse distal atherosclerosis. Methods Thirty one patients, who underwent coronary endarterectomy in our institution between Oc-tober 2009 and October 2012, were reviewed retrospectively and compared the control group with 31 patients of their age, sex, LV function, and angina class. Results Among the 31 patients, 27 patients underwent one, 4 patient underwent two coronary arteries endarterectomized. Of all these 35 total endarterectomies, 13 (37%) were at left anterior descending artery, 3(9%) were at branches of the circumflex artery, and 19 (54%) involved the right coronary artery. There was no statistical dif-ference between two groups in clinical parameters including aorta cross time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, graft runoff, pul-sation index and mechanism ventilate time (P>0.05). There was no perioperative myocardial infarctions in CE group nor in control group. All patients were followed up and no recurrent angina were present in CE group. In CE group, one patient died of fungal pneumonia and heart failure half a year after operation. Conclusion In current cardiac surgical practice, coronary endarterectomy is an indispensable adjunct to CABG. The operative mortality and major morbidity were comparable or simi-lar to coronary artery bypass grafting, but its short-term and medium-term results were more favorable than to CABG.

Objective To summarize the treatment experiences in patients with cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Methods The clinical data of 9 patients with acute renal injury after orthotopic heart transplantation in our hospital from January 2009 to July 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Three patients were required the high-dose diuretics (furosemide, >80 mg/d) and six patients were received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were compared before and after heart transplantation and after the treatment of AKI. The quality of life was observed in patients in perioperative period. Results After the treatment of diuretics or CRRT, patients showed renal function recovery with significant decreased Cr levels and increased eGFR compared with the postoperation. The patients with diuretic therapy revealed a better eGFR recovery than those with CRRT. Conclusion CSA-AKI should be based on the severity of disease, and comprehensive treatment should be taken to reduce renal damage.