Objective To summarize the experience of emergency microsurgery under the guidance of computed tomographic arteriography (CTA) for treatment of Hunt-Hess high grade intracranial aneurysm rupture.Methods The clinical data of 34 patients with Hunt-Hess high grade intracranial aneurysm rupture were retrospectively analyzed.The CT and CTA were detected in the patients on admission.Emergency operation were all performed.The temporal occlusion of the parent artery,removed intracranial hematoma and clipping intracranial aneurysms by microsurgical techniques.All patients were removed skull.Results The prognosis was assessed by Glasgow outcome score (GOS),17 cases were recovered well,10 cases were mildly disabled,3 cases were severely disabled and 4 cases died.Conclusions CTA can be used as the primary diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm imaging methods under the emergency condition.The patients with HuntHess high grade intracranial aneurysm rupture should make positive surgical treatment to save live.

Objective To investigate the effect of β-elemene on SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line and the potential proteins involved. Methods Human SGC7901 gastric cancer cells were treated with different concentrations ofβ-elemene.Cell viability was assessed.A proteomic method,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ),was employed to detect the proteins altered by β-elemene.Protein expression was validated by Western blot.Results β-elemene inhibited the viability of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.Altogether,147 upregulated proteins and 86 downregulated proteins were identified in response to β-elemene treatment in SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line.Among them,the expressions of p21-activated protein kinase-interacting protein 1 (PAK1IP1 ),Bcl-2-associated transcription factor 1 (BTF)and topoisomerase 2-alpha (TOPIIα)were validated by Western blot and the trends were consistent with iTRAQ results.Top pathways involved inβ-elemene treatment in SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line included ribosome signaling,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)signaling pathway,regulation of actin cytoskeleton,phagosome,biosynthesis and metabolism of some amino acids.Conclusion Our results suggest a promising therapeutic role of β-elemene for gastric cancer.The differentially expressed proteins give us better insights into the potential mechanisms involved in gastric cancer treatment using β-elemene.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of β-elemene in suppressing the proliferation and apoptosis of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms.

METHODSUsing MTT assay, flow cytometry, and clonogenic survival assay, we assessed the effects of β-elemene on the viability, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and clonogenic survival of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells and gastric mucosal epithelial GES-1 cells. Western blotting was employed to determine the changes in the protein expression profiles in SGC7901 cells in response to β-elemene treatment.

RESULTSβ-elemene significantly suppressed the cell viability and increased the apoptosis of SGC7901 cells, and these effects were less obvious in GES-1 cells. β-elemene decreased clonogenic survival of SGC7901 cells, increased the proportion of G2/M phase cells, decreased the expression of Bcl-2, and increased the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. β-elemene did not obviously affect the expression of total p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) but decreased the level of phospho-Pak1 (Thr423) and phospho-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) in SGC7901 cells.

CONCLUSIONβ-elemene inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells possibly by inhibiting Pak1/ERK signaling and regulating apoptosis-associated proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bax.

Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Humans ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective:To conduct a Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy-assisted pylorus-preserving gastrectomy(LPPG) and laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy(LDG) in early gastric cancer(EGC).Methods:Searched Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Medical Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database to identify all qualified studies comparing LPPG and LDG in EGC. The retrieval time was from the database establishment to October 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as ( Mean± SD). Comparing two groups by mean difference(MD) with 95% confidence interval(CI) for contious outcomes and odds ratio(OR) with 95% CI for dichotomous data.The RevMan software was used to analyze the perioperative outcome. Results:A total of 10 studies were included, with a total of 1613 patients, 624 in the LPPG group and 989 in the LDG group. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal exhaust time, hospital stay, and overall complication rate of LPPG were similar to LDG.Compared with the LDG group, the LPPG group had fewer lymph node dissections ( MD=-2.51, 95% CI: -4.31~-0.71, P=0.006), longer postoperative gastric tube indwelling time ( MD=1.05, 95% CI: 0.31~1.80, P=0.006), and a higher incidence of delayed gastric emptying ( P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of other perioperative complications. Conclusion:LPPG is a safe and feasible surgical method for the treatment of EGC, and can be used as an alternative to LDG.

Objective To investigate the effects ofβ-elemene in suppressing the proliferation and apoptosis of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and clonogenic survival assay, we assessed the effects ofβ-elemene on the viability, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and clonogenic survival of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells and gastric mucosal epithelial GES-1 cells. Western blotting was employed to determine the changes in the protein expression profiles in SGC7901 cells in response toβ-elemene treatment. Resultsβ-elemene significantly suppressed the cell viability and increased the apoptosis of SGC7901 cells, and these effects were less obvious in GES-1 cells.β-elemene decreased clonogenic survival of SGC7901 cells, increased the proportion of G2/M phase cells, decreased the expression of Bcl-2, and increased the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. β-elemene did not obviously affect the expression of total p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) but decreased the level of phospho-Pak1 (Thr423) and phospho-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) in SGC7901 cells. Conclusion β-elemene inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells possibly by inhibiting Pak1/ERK signaling and regulating apoptosis-associated proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bax.

Objective To investigate the effects ofβ-elemene in suppressing the proliferation and apoptosis of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and clonogenic survival assay, we assessed the effects ofβ-elemene on the viability, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and clonogenic survival of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells and gastric mucosal epithelial GES-1 cells. Western blotting was employed to determine the changes in the protein expression profiles in SGC7901 cells in response toβ-elemene treatment. Resultsβ-elemene significantly suppressed the cell viability and increased the apoptosis of SGC7901 cells, and these effects were less obvious in GES-1 cells.β-elemene decreased clonogenic survival of SGC7901 cells, increased the proportion of G2/M phase cells, decreased the expression of Bcl-2, and increased the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. β-elemene did not obviously affect the expression of total p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) but decreased the level of phospho-Pak1 (Thr423) and phospho-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) in SGC7901 cells. Conclusion β-elemene inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells possibly by inhibiting Pak1/ERK signaling and regulating apoptosis-associated proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bax.

OBJECTIVE To optimize β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)inclusion process of Cinnamomi Ramulus Formula Granules vola-tile constituents by orthogonal test,based on standard relation and information entropy method.METHODS On the basis of single factor experiments,the ratio of β-CD to aromatic aqueous solution,the inclusion temperature,and the inclusion time were selected as the investigating factors;the inclusion rate,drug loading,and standard relation of cinnamic aldehyde in inclusion complex were used as the evaluation index.The information entropy method was used to determine the weight coefficient of each index,then the comprehen-sive score was calculated,the inclusion process conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment.The inclusion complex was charac-terized by thin layer chromatography,ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction.RE-SULTS The best inclusion process was that the ratio of β-CD to aromatic aqueous solution was 3∶100(g·mL-1),the inclusion temperature was 50℃,and the inclusion time was 1 h.The average inclusion rate of the obtained inclusion compound was 80.84%,the drug loading was 8.63%,and the standard relation was 0.91.The results of thin-layer chromatography,ultraviolet,infrared spec-troscopy and other characterization experiments showed that the volatile components in the aromatic aqueous solution successfully en-tered the β-CD cavity,and the inclusion complex was successfully prepared.CONCLUSION The optimum inclusion process is sta-ble and feasible,which can provide references for the preparation process of Cinnamomi Ramulus Formula Granules.

Vinorelbine（NVB）is a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid and can play an anti-tumor role by inhibiting the synthesis of tubulin. Its oral preparation has been used in the treatment of a variety of tumors as its convenience and good clinical response. The blood concentration of NVB is closely related to its curative effect and toxicity. Small variations in blood concentration may reduce the curative effect and even produce serious toxicity. There are some risks in the clinical drug use due to limited clinical data and effective pharmacodynamic monitoring methods. By reviewing the relevant literature at home and abroad ，this paper summarizes the research progress of in vivo pharmacokinetics and toxicity of NVB ，fully understands the pharmacokinetic characteristics and influencing factors of NVB ，the influencing factors of toxicity ，and the application status of pharmacokinetics in the adjustment of administration scheme ，so as to provide reference for its clinical rational use.

OBJECTIVETo study radiation-enhancing effects on human gastric cancer MKN28 cell line and underlying mechanisms of β-elemene.

METHODSInhibition of MKN28 cell proliferation at different concentrations of β-elemene was assessed using the methyl thiazolyl blue colorimetric method (MTT method), with calculation of IC50 value and choice of 20% of the IC50 as the experimental drug concentration. Irradiation group and β-elemene+irradiation group were established, and the cell survival fraction (SF) was calculated from flat panel colony forming analysis, and fitted by the 'multitarget click mathematical model'. Draw the survival curve and get the radiobiological parameters D0, Dq, SF2, N and SER. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect changes in the cell cycle and cell apoptosis rates was detected by Annexin-V/PI assay.

RESULTSβ-elemene exerted inhibitory effects on proliferation of gastric cancer MKN28 cells, with an IC50 of 45.6 mg/L and we chose 8 mg/L as the experimental concentration. The cell survival fraction of MKN28 cells with irradiation decreased significantly after treated with β-elemene; D0, Dq decreased, SER = 1.3. After combined treatment of β-elemene+irradiation, the results of FCM showed that cells could be arrested in the G2/M phase and the cell apoptosis increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONSβ-elemene can enhance the radiosensitivity of gastric cancer MKN28 cell line. Mechanistically, β-elemene mainly influences the cell cycle distribution of MKN28 cells by inducing G2/M phase arrest, inhibits the repair of sublethal damage and induces cell apoptosis to enhance the killing effects of radioactive rays.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Humans ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective:To investigate long-term auditory changes and characteristics of Alport syndrome（AS） patients with different degrees of renal injury. Methods:Retrospectively analyzing clinical data of patients diagnosed AS from January 2007 to September 2022, including renal pathology, genetic detection and hearing examination. A long-term follow-up focusing on hearing and renal function was conducted. Results:This study included 70 AS patients, of which 33（25 males, 8 females, aged 3.4-27.8 years） were followed up, resulting in a loss rate of 52.9%.The follow-up period ranged from 1.1to 15.8 years, with 16 patients followed-up for over 10 years. During the follow-up, 10 patients presenting with hearing abnormalities at the time of diagnosis of AS had progressive hearing loss, and 3 patients with new hearing abnormalities were followed up, which appeared at 5-6 years of disease course. All of which were sensorineural deafness. While only 3 patients with hearing abnormalities among 13 patients received hearing aid intervention. Of these patients,7 developed end-stage renal disease（ESRD）, predominantly males （6/7）. The rate of long-term hearing loss was significantly different between ESRD group and non-ESRD group（P=0.013）. There was no correlation between the progression of renal disease and long-term hearing level（P>0.05）. kidney biopsies from 28 patients revealed varying degrees of podocyte lesion and uneven thickness of basement membrane. The severity of podocyte lesion was correlated with the rate of long-term hearing loss（P=0.048）, and there was no correlation with the severity of hearing loss（P>0.05）. Among 11 cases, theCOL4A5mutationwas most common （8 out of 11）, but there was no significant correlation between the mutation type and hearing phenotype（P>0.05）. Conclusion:AS patients exhibit progressive hearing loss with significant heterogeneity over the long-term.. THearing loss is more likely to occur 5-6 years into the disease course. Hearing abnormalities are closely related to renal disease status, kidney tissue pathology, and gene mutations, emphasizing the need for vigilant long-term hearing follow-up and early intervention.
Male ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Nephritis, Hereditary/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Kidney ; Deafness ; Hearing Loss/genetics* ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/pathology* ; Mutation