Objective:To investigate the changes in protein metabolism after the use of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) in gastrointestinal tumor patients after operation.Methods:Thirty-nine patients with gastrointestinal tumor were randomly(double-blind) divided into two groups: ①the control group(n=20),which was treated with hypocaloric parenteral nutrition and placebo,②the rhGH group(n=19),which was treated with hypocaloric parenteral nutrition and rhGH.The levels IGF-1 and protein metabolism were observed.Results:The concentrations of IGF-1,pre-albumin,transferrin and fibronectin were decreased in the two groups on the 3th day after operation.The administration of rhGH resulted to significant increase in serum levels of IGF-1,pre-albumin,transferrin and fibronectin.Conclusion:The administration of recombinant human growth hormone can increase the protein synthesis and improve the nutritional condition.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of different nutritional supports in gastric cancer patients undergoing radical resection.Methods:Sixty patients with gastric cancer were randomly divided into three groups: parenteral nutrition(PN)group,enteral nutrition(EN) group and parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition(PN-EN) group.The rate of complication, recovery time of the gut function,average post-operative hospital stay,changes of liver function,levels of blood glucose,serum albumin,prealbumin and transferrin,levels of nitrogen balance and change of body weight were observed in the three groups.The therapeutic effects of post-operational nutritional support were studied.Results:There are no significant difference in the rate of complication,average post-operative hospital stay,changes of liver function and level of blood glucose.The recovery time of the gut function in EN group was shorter than that in PN and PN-EN groups(P

Syndrome of cachexia,which is a common feature of many types of cancer,characterized by loss of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle,is responsible not only for a poor quality of life and poor response to chemotherapy,but also a decreased survival time.It can not be fully explained by the accompanying anorexia,because increasing nutrient support is unable to reverse the wasting syndrome.Although patients with cachexia frequently show an elevated resting energy expenditure,cachexia can occur with a normal energy expenditure.Lipid mobilizing factor and proteolysis inducing factor,two tumor-derived factors,can directly mobilize fatty acids and amino acids from adipose tissue and skeletal muscle respectively.It is important of the knowledge about the roles and mechanism of LMF and PIF in the development of cancer cachexia,which should lead to the development of new therapeutic methods.

Probiotcs are viable organisms or bacterial meal replenishers that do good to our body.They have multiple functions like improving internal gut environment,reinforcing immunity,antitumors,and are more and more widely used in clinical studies to cure some diseases,such as IBD,pouchitis,infective diarrhea and so on.This review is about the new progress in the acting mechanism and clinical application of probiotics.

Objective To investigate the outcome of induction of tumor cell apoptosis with low dosage of 131 I labelled anti carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) monoclonal antibody C50( 131 I C50) and the therapeutic efficacy of combining radioimmunotherapy(RAIT) with chemotherapy in colorectal cancer xenografts. Methods Human colorectal cancer xenografts with positive CEA expression were established in nude mice with LoVo cell line. 5 fluorouracil(5 FU), 75 ?Ci 131 I C50, and 5 FU, combined with 131 I C50 were given to nude mice through tail vein to treat xenografts on 9th day after implantation of tumor cells. Fifteen days after implantation, each mouse was sacrificed and tumor tissues were stained with HE and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated X DUTP nick end labeling technique(TUNEL technique). Apoptosis index(AI) of xenograft cells in each mouse was calculated. Results Under light microscope, no obvious cytolysis or necrosis of tumor cells was seen in all four groups. Apoptosis indexes in blank control group, chemotherapy group, radioimmunothera py(RAIT) group, and RAIT+chemotherapy group were (0.29?0.08)%, (18.68? 2.69 )%,(40.88 ?4.54 )% and (62.33?8.00)%, respectively. There were significant difference of apoptosis indexes between any groups( P

Objective To investigate the effect of laparoscopic surgery on the change of hepatic function, in terms of serum liver enzymes and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods The blood samples from 286 patients before and after LC were evaluated for liver enzyme levels. The results were compared with those taken from 40 open cholecystectomy (OC) patients. In order to evaluated the possible effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on serum liver enzyme levels, same blood tests were also performed in two groups of color-ectal cancer patients undergoing either laparoscopic resectormy( LCR,n =68) or open resection( OCR,n = 23). Results Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in LC and LCR patients were significantly increased after operation. These changes occurred in every group that had demonstrated remarkable difference before and after the operation (P

Objective:To explore the obliteration of the old mastoid cavity and reconstruction of the posterior canal wall after radical mastoidectomy. Method:Posterior canal wall reconstruction and mastoid obliteration of 11 ears of 10 patients with old mastoid cavity for 1 to 6 years after radical mastoidectomy were done using the pedicle postauricular composite skin flap (PPCSF),and their tympanoplasty were performed at the same time. Follow-up was performed at 3 to 30 months. Result:All PPCSFs survived. The old mastoid cavity of 11 ears vanished and reconstructed posterior canal wall remained in normal position without retraction. The drying ear time took 2 to 3 weeks postoperatively,and the symptoms of the radical cavity disease after radical mastoidectomy were cleared up nearly,and the average hearing threshold decreased 13.6 dB HL. The otorrhea and perforation of tympanic membrane resulted from infection happened to 1 of 11 ears three month after the operation. Conclusion: The PPCSF is an effective method in the obliteration of old mastoid cavity and reconstruction of the posterior canal wall. It can reduce drying ear time postoperatively, treat the radical cavity disease after radical mastoidectomy and is beneficial to the tympanoplasty at the posterior external at the same time.

The purpose of this study is to explore depression metabolic markers in rat hippocampus and to investigate the anti-depressant effect of genipin and its mechanisms using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabonomics. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was conducted to establish the depressive rat model. At the beginning of the third week, genipin low dose (25 mg x kg(-1)), middle dose (50 mg x kg(-1)), high dose (100 mg x kg(-1)), and venlafaxine (50 mg x kg(-1)) were given to the CUMS rats separately once daily for two weeks except control and model groups. Rat hippocampus was analyzed by 1H NMR based metabonomics after drug administration for 2 weeks. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of rat hippocampus of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed with metabolic effects of CUMS including decreasing in glycine and N-acetylaspartate, increasing in inositol, glutamate, lactate, glutamine, taurine and alanine. Genipin showed ideal antidepressive effects at a dose of 50 mg x kg(-1) in rats, decrease of inositol, glutamate, lactate, alanine were observed, while glycine and N-acetylaspartate were increased. Important influence has been found on normal nervous system function of these significant changed metabolites, which suggests that the antidepressant effect of genipin may be played by enhancing the activity of neurons in hippocampus, repairing and improving the function of the neuron. The metabonomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the anti-depressant effect and pharmacologic mechanisms of genipin.

Objective To explore the association of arachidonic acid (AA) level in gastric cancer (GC) tissue with tumor differentiation and patients' gender.Methods The contents of AA in GC tissue and adjacent matched normal mucosa were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.The relationships of AA with GC differentiation and patients' gender were analyzed.Results The level of AA significantly decreased in GC tissue (0.190％ ± 0.255 ％) compared with normal tissue (0.274％ ± 0.254％,n =30,P =0.011 ),while the level of AA had no significant difference in the tissues of matched normal mucosa and different TNM stages or among different TNM stages ( all P ＞ 0.05).The AA levels in well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (0.173％ ±0.244％ ) and in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (0.195％ ±0.264％) were significantly decreased when compared with those in the paired normal mucosa (0.334％ ± 0.170％,P =0.018; 0.256％ ± 0.275％,P =0.043,respectively),while no significant difference was observed between the different differentiated grades (P =0.895).The level of AA significantly decreased in male patients (0.137％ ± 0.209％ ) as compared with paired normal mucosa (0.275％:± 0.238％,P =0.010),while no positive correlation was observed in female patients as compared with normal group (P=0.477) or in the comparison between male and female groups (P =0.139).Conclusions The AA level remarkably decreases in GC tissue,which may be associated with differentiated grades and patients'gender.In addition,more AA is utilized in male GC patients than female patients.

Objective: To develop a new rat model for studies of enteral nutrition support.Methods: After acute pancreatitis models induced by laparotomy,32 SPF rats were put a catheter always used for epidural anesthesia, through pylorus to 5 cm of jejunum below Treitz ligament, and sutured and fixed apart at the entrance, stomach, peritoneum, neck, and the tail, which then connected to an one-time infusion tube. By regulating the infusion tube on the pulley, the enteral nutrition input was kept uniform.Results: The routes All rats were successfully built in all rats for TEN, with an average input time of 7days in which rats well tolerated without diarrhea. All rats got positive nitrogen balance after TEN for 3-4 days. No extrusion, bending, or leakage of the infusion tubes happened.Conclusion: This rat model of enteral feeding had advantages of simplicity, firmness, reliability and cheapness, which could be used in large-scale and fulfill the need of experimental EN study in small animals like rats.