Objective To investigate the antibacterial activity of the alkaloids extract from Oxytropis falcata Bunge against 9 common pathogens in vitro. Methods Alkaloids was extracted from Oxytropis falcata Bunge. The agar plate dilution method was adopted to evaluate the activity against bacteria of 4 Gram-negative test strains and 5 Gram-positive test strains, while the MIC and MBC were determined by tube double dilution method. Results The alkaloids extract from Oxytropis falcata Bunge had the antibacterial activity against 9 pathogens and there was a good dose-response relationship between sensitivity and concentration. Antibacterial activities against bacillus subtilis and stentrophmomas maltophilia showed stronger than other tested bacteria, the MIC and MBC were 0.95 mg/mL and 1.91 mg/mL, respectively. In other tested bacteria, MIC and MBC were ranged in 1.91-7.63 mg/mL. Conclusion The alkaloids extract showed a broad spectrum of a stronger antibacterial activity against all tested pathogens. Gram-positive strains were more sensitive than Gram-negative strains to the inhibitory effects of the alkaloids extract.

A questionnaire survey aimed to explore the ECs'current status is conducted in three-level hospitals of Tianjin, the existing questions and reasons of ECs in China are analyzed.

Objective To investigate the application effect of service-learning pattern in clinical nursing teaching in Obstetric department. Methods A total of 113 nursing students in Obstetric department were randomly divided into two groups:57 were trained with traditional clinical nursing teaching method as the control group, 56 with service-learning teaching method as the experimental group. All students were examined for comprehensive assessment, including professional theory, professional operation and comprehensive quality after their training. At the same time, the clinical teaching satisfaction of nursing students were surveyed. Results There was no statistical difference in exam results between two groups of nursing students after training(P>0.05). However, the experimental group had higher achievements in professional operation and comprehensive quality after their training than the control group (35.24 points vs. 32.10 points, 16.27 points vs. 14.05 points), as well as, the clinical teaching satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(96.42% vs. 89.60% ), the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Service-learning pattern can significantly improve the clinical teaching effect of undergraduate nursing students in Obstetric department.

Objective To improve the compliance and prognosis of patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS) by using continuous quality improvement program(CQI).Methods Survey patients by the way of using the four-step problem-solving framework referred as the PDCA cycle,i.e.plan,do,check and act.Compare the results of patients which have obtained before and after CQI.Results The follow-up rate of patients was improved from 46.9% to 83.3%, and most of the patients are willing to enter the follow-up program.The patients are more likely to receive examinations of ARAS,such as blood pressure,renal function,renal artery color duplex sonography and renal scintigraphy.The control rate of blood pressure was also improved from 45.6% to 93.1% Conclusion CQI is a useful method to improve the compliance and prognosis for ARAS patients,and nurses have played an important role during the whole process.

Objective To investigate the possibility of using serum and urinary endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) assay as screening tools for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS). Methods Serum and urinary samples from 49 patients with ARAS, 32 cases with≥2 risk factors for atherosclerosis and 30 normal controls were detected for ET-1 and IL-6 by RIA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then generated to assess their accuracy in screening ARAS by using selective renal angiography as golden standard. Results Urinary ET-1, urinary IL-6 and urinary-serum ratio of ET-1 in ARAS cases were higher than those in two control groups, and were all correlated with degree of renal artery stenosis. The area under the ROC curve of urinary ET-1, urinary IL-6 and urinary-serum ratio of ET-1 was 0.792, 0.756 and 0.779, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of urinary ET-1 to distinguish ARAS(≥50%) was 80.0% and 72.8% respectively using 6.72 ng/mmol creatinine as the cut-off point. The cut-off value of ET-1 urinary-serum ratio was 12.59 with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 61.7%. The sensitivity and specificity of urinary IL-6 were 73.3% and 70.4% respectively using 23.85 ng/mmol creatinine as the cut-off point. The sensitivity and specificity were improved to 80.0% and 77.8% respectively when using 12.60 ng/mmol creatinine as the cut-off point and combined with hypertension to perform series test. Conclusion Urinary ET-1 and urinary IL-6 could be used as screening tools for ARAS.

Objective To determine ferulic acid and paeoniflorin in Ankong Zhongzi Wan by HPLC under dual wavelength ultraviolet detection. Methods Ferulic acid and paeoniflorin were separated by Waters SymmetryShield-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 230 nm and 323 nm. Results The linear relationship of ferulic acid and paeoniflorin was good in the range of 0.058 2-0.582 4 μg (r=0.999 4) and 1.664-16.64 μg (r=0.999 6), and the average recovery rate was 97.77% (RSD=1.88%) and 98.84% (RSD=1.96%), respectively. Conclusion The method is accurate and quick for determining the two effective components in Ankong Zhongzi Wan, and can be used for its quality control.

The standardized training for residents (medical specialists) is an important aspect to fulfill the post-graduated medical education in China. It not only can bring up outstanding qualified specialists,but also is in line with international trends in medical education. According to the situation and existing problems of current standardized training for obstetrics and gynecology specialist,a lot of advice was given for further improvement of the standardization of training in obstetrics and gynecology specialist.

To determine the feasibility and safety of separating close adhesion between the portal vein, superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and pancreas after combined vascular occlusion was employed. Methods: By means of occluding SMV below the pancreata, splenic arteries and veins posterior to the pancreata and portal veins superior to the pancreata consecutively, adhesion between SMV, portal vein and the head of lump pancreatitis, which is hard to deal with by fingers, was separated in 3 cases. Results: During separating procedures, 4～7 sites on portal veins and SMV were injured, with a small amount of hemorrhage (57ml, 81ml and 102ml, respectively), and were easilyrepaired. The vascular blocking time of the 3 cases was 36, 39 and 39.5 minutes. The following whipple procedures were smoothly fulfilled and all 3 patients recovered well. Conclusion: Blood flow of portal vein and SMV and traumatic hemorrhage can be radically controlled by the method of vascular occlusion, which was proved safe, performable and could be a protective method with great effect in separating close adhesion between pancreas and portal and SMV.

Objective:The response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design were adopted to optimize the preparation for citrus oils β-cyclodextrin microspheres inclusion compound. And the physical characterization and heat stability were evaluated.Methods:The best preparation technology included inverse emulsion polymerization and saturated water solution method, with volatile oil weight ratio and microspheres, microspheres and water feeding ratio, inclusion temperature as impact factors, inclusion rate as the response value, establish regression model,. We explored the orange peel naphtha beta ring paste by microscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and heat stability test.Results:The best preparation technology included the essential oil with beta ring paste microspheres ( V: m), the ratio of 1:10, beta ring paste small ball and the ratio of water (m: V) for 1:15, and inclusion temperature for 41 ℃. The average encapsulation efficiency and the average rate of yield under optimized conditions were 62.21% and 85.24%, respectively. The physical characterization and thermal stability tests demonstrated that the β-cyclodextrin microsphere inclusion complex of volatile oil from Citrus was successfully prepared and the physical properties were stable. Conclusion:The preparation method of citrus oils β-cyclodextrin microspheres inclusion compound by using the response surface methodology.