OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of meloxicam on aluminum overload-inducing damage of hippocampal neuron.METHODS:Primary hippocampal neuron attained from new born SD rats was cultured for 7 days.There were 5 groups e.g blank control group (200 ?mol?L-1 NaCl),aluminum model group (200 ?mol?L-1 AlCl3) and meloxicam low-dose (10-8 mol?L-1),medium-dose (10-7 mol?L-1) and high-dose (10-6 mol?L-1) groups.HE staining was used to observe the change of neuronal morphology.The optical densities of cells were measured.The activities of SOD,leakage of LDH and content of MDA were also detected.RESULTS:As compared with control group,the optical density of cells and activity of SOD were decreased and leakage of LDH and content of MDA were increased (P

Aim In order to study the protective effect of caffeic acid on damage induced by aluminum-overload in primary cultured rat hippocampal neuron.Methods Primary cell cultures were obtained from the cerebral hippocampus of Newly born SD rats within 24 h.On the d 7 of neuronal culture, the immunohistory of NSE was used to identify the purity of neuron.There were 5 experimental groups,NaCl(200 μmol·L~(-1))-treated group, AlCl_3-treated group(200 μmol·L~(-1)),and aluminum+caffeic acid(10~(-6) mol·L~(-1),10~(-7) mol·L~(-1) and 10~(-8) mol·L~(-1))-treated groups. HE staining was used to observe the change of neuronal pathomorphology. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. SOD activity, LDH leakage and MDA contents were also detected.Results The purity of neurons was more than 95%. Aluminum administration induced loss of neurons and damage to dendrite and axon.Compared with that of the control group,the decreased viability of neurons,increased leakage of LDH, decreased activity of SOD and increased contents of MDA were observed in aluminum-treated groups.Compared with that of the model group, the administration of Caffeic acid could significantly blunt the death of the primary cultured hippocampal neurons, and blunt the decrease of neuronal viability and SOD activity and the increase of LDH leakage and MDA contents.Conclusions These results suggest that caffeic acid has an obvious protective effect against neuronal damage induced by aluminum overload in primary cultured neurons. The mechanism of protection might involve the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative effects of caffeic acid.

Objective: To biomechanically compare the initial stability of two cervical interbody cages with different surfaces on human specimens.Methods: Flexibility of twenty-three cervical motion segments (two groups) were tested in axial rotation, flexion/extension and lateral bending, intact and after implantation of a cervical interbody fusion cage (SynCage-C Curved, SynCage-C Wedged). An implant pullout concluded testing. Changes in range of motion (ROM) were analyzed.Results: Both cages were effective at reducing ROM in all directions, with no significant differences in effacency. The pullout force differed significantly between the two cages, the SynCage Curved being higher. Conclusion: Differences of surfaces of the two cages don't affect their initial stability. The cage with a better contoured surface had a higher pullout force.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate biological characteristics of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and to explore the possibility of hepatocyte-like cells differentiation.METHODS: The umbilical cord was provided by healthy term birth woman in Tianjin Third Central Hospital. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from human umbilical cord by enzyme digestion method. Cells were passaged at 80%-90% confluent. The ninth passage of cells at a density of 5×10~(10)/L were seeded in 12-well culture plate and incubated with DMEM containing hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-4 and oncostatin for 28 days. Cell growth activity was detected by MTT method; cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry; surface immunological marker in MSC was detected by immunocytochemical stain and flow cytometry; specific surface phenotype of hepatocyte was detected by immunocytochemical staining. Function characteristic of hepatocyte was determined by staining for glycogen.RESULTS: MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord and presented with fibroblastic morphology. 80% of cells were at G_0/G_1 phase with good growth activity and stably passaged over 20 times. These cells were positive for CD29, CD105, and Vimentin, but negative for CD34 and CD31. MSCs were induced to hepatocyte-1 ike cells that were positive for alpha fetoprotein, CK18, CK19 at 1 week and albumin at 3 weeks. At 4 weeks, induced cells were positive for glycogen staining.CONCLUSION: MSCs isolated from human umbilical cord can be cultured in a long periods time in vitro and are able to differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells.

Three hundred cerebrovascular disease (CVD) patients (disease onset <3 days) were evaluated for serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level at admission, and Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) or Oxford Handicap Scale (OHS) at baseline and 3 months. Based on serum CRP levels, the participants were divided into group A [CRP(1.20 ±0.35)mg/L], group B[CRP(4.98 ± 1.08) mg/L] or group C[CRP (19.34±12.27)mg/L]. Our results showed that serum CRP level was positively correlated with SSS (r = 0.39 or0.43, both P<0.01) and OHS (r=0.40 or0.42, both P<0.01) at3 months. Thus, evaluating serum CRP level within 3 clays of disease onset might be helpful in predicting clinical outcomes of CVD patients.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DQA1 allele to anaphylactoid purpura(AP)and its association with the clinical features in juvenile Hans residing in Inner Mongolia.

METHODSSeventy children with AP and ninety normal controls of Hans in Inner Mongolia were subjected to HLA-DQA1 genotyping with the use of polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) technique.

RESULTS(1) The gene frequency of HLA-DQA1*0301 of AP group (33.4%) was significantly higher than that (10.6%) of control group (chi square=21.899, P<0.01). On the other hand, the gene frequencies of HLA-DQA1*0302 were 6.7% and 19% in the AP group and the control group respectively; a significant difference between them was seen (chi square=9.786, P<0.01); (2)The gene frequencies of both DQA1*0301 and DQA1*0302 in the cutaneous purpura simplex cases and the controls were not significantly different (P>0.05). The gene frequencies of DQA1*0301 of the cutaneous purpura cases associated with gastrointestinal, joint and renal impairment were 26.7%, 28.5% and 29.3% respectively, which were higher than that of the control group (10.6%); the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01, 0.01, 0.01; respectively). The gene frequencies of HLA-DQA1*0302(3.9%, 5.7% and 9.6%) for the cutaneous purpura cases associated with gastrointestinal, joint and renal impairment were significantly lower than that (19%) of the controls except renal impairment(P<0.01, 0.01, respectively).

CONCLUSIONThe allele of HLA-DQA1*0301 was probably a susceptible gene while HLA-DQA1*0302 was the protective one in AP of the children who were Han inhabitants in Inner Mongolia. The results of this study also revealed that patients with the allele of HLA-DQA1*0301 tended to involve gastrointestinal, joint and renal impairment.

Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; complications ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ alpha-Chains ; Humans ; Joint Diseases ; complications ; genetics ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications ; genetics ; Renal Insufficiency ; complications ; genetics

OBJECTIVEThis study investigated the effect of catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) in pigs with rapid pacing induced heart failure.

METHODSHeart failure was induced by rapid right ventricular pacing in 12 pigs and pigs were randomly divided into RDN group (n = 6): pacing+RDN at 7 days post pacing; control group (n = 6): pacing only. Echocardiography examination (LVEF, LVEDD and LVESD) was performed before pacing and at 1 and 2 weeks post pacing. Serum biochemical markers including renin, aldosterone and creatinine were also measured at baseline, 1 and 2 weeks after pacing. Repeated renal artery angiography was performed at 1 week after RDN. All pigs were sacrificed to examine the heart and renal pathology and renal artery sympathetic nerve staining at 2 weeks post pacing.

RESULTSLVEF decreased 1 week after rapid pacing from (60.5 ± 6.0)% to (35.3 ± 9.8)%. LVEF was significantly higher [(42.8 ± 5.9) % vs. (33.4 ± 9.7)%, P = 0.001 8] while LVESD was significantly lower [(28.4 ± 3.7) mm vs. (33.0 ± 2.0) mm, P = 0.001 6] in the RDN group than in the control group at 2 weeks post pacing. At 2 weeks after pacing, plasma concentrations of renin and aldosterone were significantly lower in RDN group compared to the control group (all P < 0.05) . Kidney function and blood pressure were comparable between the two groups at 2 weeks post pacing. There were no signs of renal damages such as renal artery stenosis, dissection and thrombus in all pigs after 2 weeks pacing. Sympathetic neurons of adventitia were injured in RND group.

CONCLUSIONRDN could significantly improve cardiac function and attenuate left ventricular remodeling via inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in this pacing induced pig heart failure model.

Animals ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heart Failure ; etiology ; surgery ; Kidney ; innervation ; Male ; Swine ; Sympathectomy ; methods

Objective To summarize the CT characteristics of tumor deposition adjacent to colorectal cancer (CRC),and provide the evidences for differential diagnosis.Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 26 CRC patients who were admitted to the Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2015 to April 2017 were collected.Patients underwent preoperative multi-slice spiral CT scan and double-phase enhanced scan,and then received open surgery.Observation indicators:(1) characteristics of multi-slice spiral CT scan;(2) differential comparisons;(3) follow-up.Follow-up using telephone interview was performed to detect patients' prognosis once every 3 months up to May 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s.Comparisons between groups and among groups were respectively analyzed using the t test and the one-way ANOVA.Pairwise comparison was done using the SNK method.Results (1) Characteristics of multi-slice spiral CT scan:of 26 patients,17 underwent double contrast enhanced scans of chest,abdomen and pelvic and 9 underwent double contrast scans of abdomen and pelvic.Primary tumors of 18 and 8 patients respectively located in the colon and rectum.Forty-one tumor deposits of 26 patients were collected,with number of tumor deposits of 1.6±0.9 per case,and number of tumor deposits ＜ 3 and ≥3 respectively were found in 20 and 6 patients.Tumor deposits were often isolated in the fat spaces around the rectum or colon and unconnected with the surrounding primary tumor or lymph node.Distance to the center of primary tumor was (2.6±l.0)cm (range,0.2-5.0 cm),the distance ＜2.6 cm and ≥2.6 cm were respectively detected in 22 and 19 patients.Thirty-three tumors showed signs of lobulation,22 showed signs of burr and 7 showed liquefaction necrosis,and there was a combination of multiple imaging characteristics in the same tumor deposit.The maximum width,minimum width,maximum diameter,plain scan value of CT,CT enhancement values in the arterial phase and venous phase in 41 tumor deposits were respectively (1.15 ± 0.60)cm,(1.11±0.44)cm,(1.13±0.49)cm,(27±13)HU,(28±14)HU and (49±19)HU.Of 41 tumor deposits,34 demonstrated homogeneous density in the plain scan,and obviously enhancement in early enhanced scan,with homogeneous enhancement;7 demonstrated heterogeneous density in the plain scan,with internal liquefaction necrosis,and enhanced scans showed no enhancement in the areas of necrosis and obviously early enhancement in the areas of non-necrosis.(2) Differential comparisons:26 patients underwent open surgery,including 8 with right hemectomy,2 with transverse colon resection,4 with left semicolon resection,2 with simple sigmoid resection,2 with abdominoperineal resection of rectal cancer and 8 with low anterior rectal resection,and all patients received postoperatively individualized treatment.Fifty-two lymph nodes with distance to center of primary tumor ＜ 5.0 cm that were confirmed by pathological examination were collected,including 19 metastatic lymph nodes.Of 41 tumor deposits,33 were irregular,and 8 were regular and round-like or oval-like shape.Of 19 metastatic lymph nodes,16 were regularly round-like shape,1 showed irregular shape and edge blur,and 2 were irregular with a mutual integration.The maximum width,minimum width and maximum diameter of 19 metastatic lymph nodes were respectively (1.09± 0.33) cm,(1.01 ± 0.23) cm and (1.05 ± 0.20) cm,with statistically significant differences in the above indicators between metastatic lymph nodes and tumor deposits (t =5.48,4.80,7.75,P＜0.05).The plain scan value of CT,CT enhancement values in the arterial phase and venous phase were respectively (12±7) HU,(18± 12) HU,(42± 15) HU in 19 metastatic lymph nodes and (33±6) HU,(31 ±15) HU,(53± 14)HU in 26 primary tumors,showing statistically significant differences in the plain scan value of CT and CT enhancement values in the arterial phase among tumor deposits,metastatic lymph nodes and primary tumors (F=24.43,4.46,P＜0.05),and no statistically significant difference in CT enhancement value in the venous phase (F=2.41,P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the plain scan value of CT and CT enhancement values in the arterial phase between tumor deposits and metastatic lymph nodes (q =5.48,2.50,P＜0.05) and between metastatic lymph nodes and primary tumors (q =6.82,2.84,P＜0.05),and no statistically significant difference between tumor deposits and primary tumors (q =2.15,0.65,P＞0.05).Of 19 metastatic lymph nodes,11 demonstrated homogeneous density in plain scan,with a lower density compared with tumor deposits and primary tumors,and relatively homogeneous enhancement in the arterial phase of enhanced scan;8 demonstrated heterogeneous density with internal liquefaction necrosis,and ring-shaped enhancement in enhanced scan with no enhancement in the areas of necrosis.The density and enhancement range in the arterial phase and venous phase of tumor deposits were similar to primary tumors.(3) Follow-up:24 patients were followed up for 1-25 months,with a follow-up rate of 92.3％(24/26) and a median time of 17 months.Of 24 patients,2 were dead,and survival time were respectively 9 months and 21 months;22 had good survival.Conclusions Multislice spiral CT examination of tumor deposits demonstrates larger and irregular shape,with the signs of lobulation and burr,and the density in plain scan is similar to the primary tumor,with obviously enhancement in early enhanced scan.The metastatic lymph nodes are mostly round-like shape,diameter is smaller than that of tumor deposits,density in the plain scan and CT enhancement values in the arterial phase are lower than that of tumor deposits.

At present, there is still a lack of uniform treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Immunotherapy, especially PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors, is a novel therapy for HCC and can bring survival benefits to patients with advanced HCC. However, research data show that only a small number of HCC patients can benefit from this treatment regimen. To date, few biomarkers have been reported to predict the clinical effect of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in HCC patients. This article reviews the biomarkers studied for HCC and other tumors and explores the possible predictive factors for the clinical effect of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in HCC, in order to optimize the selection of treatment population and improve the clinical effect of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of HCC.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of modified endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in children with acute uncomplicated appendicitis complicated with intussusception. Data of 6 patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis complicated with intussusception who received modified ERAT were collected from October 2018 to February 2020 in Pediatrics Department of Tangdu Hospital. The reduction rate of intussusception, the success rate of ERAT appendiceal intubation and endoscopic treatment, the remission time of clinical symptoms, the time of white blood cells return to normal, the length of hospital stay, complications and recurrence were summarized. All the 6 patients were confirmed to be acute uncomplicated appendicitis combined with ileocecal intussusceptions under colonoscopy. Endoscopic intussusception reduction and ERAT were performed successfully. The mean time of disappearance of abdominal tenderness was 1.3 days after the therapy, and the time of white blood cells return to normal was 1 day after surgery. The endoscopic treatment were all successful and the length of hospital stay was 3-6 days. No complications or recurrence of intussusception and appendicitis occurred during the follow-up period of 6-12 months. Modified ERAT can effectively, safely and minimally invitingly treat acute uncomplicated appendicitis with intussusception in children on the basis of definite diagnosis.