Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)is a chronic disease characterized by progressive destruction of intrahepatic small bile ducts, which may progress to liver cirrhosis.Anti-mitochondrial antibodies,especially anti-M2 antibody,have a high diagnostic value for PBC, but they are unrelated to the severity and prognosis of the disease and are negative in some patients.There have been reports from around the world that anti-nuclear antibodies,especially anti-gp210 antibody,are closely associated with PBC.It showed that anti-gp210 antibody has high specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis of PBC,especially for the patients with negative anti-M2 antibody tests;in addition,it has a high predictive value for the prognosis and development model of the disease.Anti -gp210 antibody has a high diagnostic value for PBC,with great clinical significance,so its detection holds promise for clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelo-ureterolithotomy. Methods Totally 52 cases of unilateral urinary calculi were treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelo-ureterolithotomy in our hospital. All the patients received placement of ureteral stent during the operation. Results All the operations were completed successfully without conversion to open surgery. The time of the operation varied from 50 to 200 minutes with a mean of 110 minutes. The patients were discharged from hospital in 5 to 14 days (mean,7.5 days). Eight weeks after the operation,the stent was withdrawn from the patients. Follow-up was achieved in all of the patients for six months. Ultrasonography showed that the hydronephrosis disappeared in 21 cases at 3 months,and in 32 patients at 6 months. None of the cases had recurrence. ECT showed an increased GFR in eight patients with severe hydronephrosis (increased from a mean of 16 ml/min before the operation to 25 ml/min). Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelo-ureterolithotomy is effective,safe,and less invasive for the calculi in the renal pelvic and upper ureter.

Objective Retrospectively evaluate low dose computed tomography (CT) as part of a combined 18F-NaF positron emission tomography (18F-NaFPET/CT) examination in lung cancer patients suspected of bone metastases. Methods 118 of 122 lesions with increased uptake of 18F-NaF were assessed. Characteristics of bone metastases on CT images were reviewed by radiologists. Results 27 of 47 metastases presented as sites of increased uptake with corresponding lytic or sclerotic changes on low dose CT. Other 20 show normal or non-specific appearing bone on CT. Most benign lesions (67 of 71,94%)have a benign appearance on low-dose CT. Conclusions Low dose CT images were useful in precisely diagnosing bone metastasis. Negative low dose CT appearance to the abnormal foci on PET may be a reliable sign of metastases.

Objective To explore the distributions of C AG polymorphisms of androgen receptor gene in Chinese population and the relatio nship with prostate cancer (CaP). Methods The number of CAG repeats were measured in 105 cases with CaP and 190 matched case-control b y PCR、DHPLC and Sequencing analysis,and its association with the susceptibility to CaP. Results The average number of CAG repeats was 2 2.7 in CaP and 23.3 in control group ( P =0.22).Men with CAG repeats lengt h less than 22 may be in high risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio,2.39;95%CI 1.1 9～4.81, P =0.012),compared with men CAG repeats length of 22 or more. Conclusions A less CAG repeat length (

Cell apoptosis is an important biological process. It plays an essential role on cell growth and response for outside stimulations. This review focused on the recent advancement of apoptotic signal transduction, enzymological mechanisms, the function of mitochondria in cell apoptosis as well as the regulation of genes.

Objective To investigate the application of hysterosalpingography (HSG)with iopromide in diagnosing female infer-tility.Methods 549 infertile women had performed HSG with iopromide,and X-ray images were analyzed retrospectively.Results Prevalence of uterine hypoplasia in primary infertility was higher in the minority than in the ethnic Han.Tubal obstruction was more common than hydrosalpinx and severe fimbria adhension.92.3% of the infertile women had pelvic inflammation disease.The dose of iopromide could be increased in need.Conclusion Prevalence of uterine hypoplasia is different as ethnic difference.Obstruction is the most common factor in tubal infertility.It is safe to use iopromide in HSG.

Objective:To clone human interleukin-33(hIL-33)and express it in E.coli efficiently.Methods:The primers were synthesized according to the hlL-33 cDNA sequence in GeneBank.The hIL-33 was amplified by RT-PCR from human fibroblast cell line(L929),the PCR product was inserted into pUC19 vector.The IL-33 cDNA confirmed by sequencing was inserted into expressing vector PQE30 and expressed in E.coli M15 strain.IL-33 protein expression was induced by IPTG and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography.The recombinant IL-33 was identified by Immunoblot and its biological activity was analyzed.Results:DNA sequencing confirmed that the cloned cDNA was identical to the published sequence of hIL-33.The recombinant plasmid PQE/hIL-33 was transformed into M15.An expected 18KD protein of hIL-33 found mainly in the induced host strains about 25% of total bacteria lysis by SDS-PAGE and coomassie blue staining.The 18 KD protein could be recognized by anti-IL33 antibody in western blot.The recombinant protein was purified to more than 95% of total protein and induces the production of IL-4 and IL-5 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Conclusion:We have successfully expressed hIL-33 protein in E.coli and the expressed product has IL-33 specific bioactivity.

Objective To investigate the proportion of CD4+CD25highTreg and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg in peripheral blood in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and determine the relationship between the proportion of CD4+CD25+Treg and clinical parameters.Methods Fresh isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of 28 patients with CHB and 24 healthy donors were analyzed for the proportion of CD4+CD25+Treg using flow cytometry by surface staining for CD4-PC5,CD25-FITC,CD127-PE.HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb and HBcAb were evaluated.HBV DNA levels were measured using real-time RT-PCR.Results The proportions of CD4+CD25highTreg to CD4+ T cells(3.36%?2.59%) and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg(4.05%?1.63%) to CD4+ T cells in patients with CHB were higher than those in health controls(1.60%?0.66%,1.75%?0.83%,P100U?L-1) had a higher fraction(4.26%?3.10%) of CD4+CD25highTreg in peripheral blood than those patients with low level ALT(ALT

OBJECTIVE To investigate the microorganisms on the hands of nurses who are doing the intravenous infusion.METHODS Sampled the hands of nurses during the procedure of intravenous infusion randomly,and then sampled after monitoring the nurses washing their hands by the six steps hand-cleaning technique.Then cultured the samples and did the identification of bacteria.The distribution of microorganism on nurses' hands was analyzed.RESULTS During the procedure of intravenous infusion,before and after the intervention the microorganisms on the nurses' hands had evident difference and with the statistic meanings.CONCLUSIONS The handwashing compliance among nurses before working in our hospital is poor,and the hand hygiene status during the nursing procedure needs to be improved.

Objective To investigate the association between the polymorphism of CYP17 gene and the risk of prostate cancer. Methods A case control study including 125 prostate cancer patients and 158 age matched controls was conducted.The polymorphism was investigated by PCR using DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes. The transition (T→C) in the risk allele (A2) produced a new recognition site for the restriction enzyme MspA1.Three genotypes of CYP17 gene (A1/A1,A1/A2,A2/A2) were determined and confirmed by sequencing. Results The frequency of the A2 allele was similar in the cases and controls.Compared with men with A1/A1 genotype, the odds ratios were 1.19 and 1.28 for the A1/A2 and A2/A2 genotypes,respectively.However,stratification by age of prostate cancer cases revealed that among prostate cancer cases older than 69 years,the odds ratio was 3.97 and 3.21 for the A1/A2 and A2/A2 genotypes ( P =0.007,0.023,respectively).Meanwhile,comparison among 3 subgroups (division by genotypes) of controls,the fPSA and tPSA levels were not significantly different. Conclusions These results indicate that A2 allele does not increase the risk of prostate cancer in Chinese. But in men older than 69 years,A1/A2 and A2/A2 genotypes predict susceptibility to prostate cancer. It is suggested that CYP17 gene may be associated with the morbidity of prostate cancer in elderly male population.