Objective:To analyze the curative effects of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for the prostate cancer and the its effect on the level serum hormones levels.Methods:86 patients with prostate cancer were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group with 43 cases in each group according to the draw method.The control group was treated by open radical prostatectomy,while the observation group was treated by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.The operation indicators,serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH),dihydrotestosterone (DHT),free testosterone (FT),total testosterone (T),prostate specific antigen (T-PSA,F-PSA) levels,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ before and after the surgery as well as the occurrence of postoperative complications were compared between two groups.Results:The operation time of observation group was significantly longer than that of the control group,and the blood loss,bowel function recovery time,hospital stay,pain scores of observation group was significantly lower or shorter than those of the control group (P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in the serum FSH,LH,DHT,FT,T,T-PSA,F-PSA levels before and after the surgery between two group(P＞0.05).The CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ of observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05),the CD8+ of observation group was lower than that of the control group(P＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complication in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy could play a similar effect with the open surgery on the tumor control,it could improve the level of serum testosterone,immune function with high safety.

Objective To compare the therapeutic differences between stent-thrombectomy combined with urokinase thrombolysis and simple arterial urokinase thrombolysis in treating patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Arterial urokinase thrombolysis was carried out in 28 selected patients with acute cerebral infarction,admitted to our hospital in 2011 (urokinase group),while Solitaire AB stent-thrombectomy combined with arterial urokinase thrombolysis was carried out in 29 patients with acute cerebral infarction,admitted to our hospital in 2012 (combination group).Postoperative indices,including National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS),recanalization rate and intracranial hemorrhage incidence,were analyzed between the two groups.Results Recanaliztion rate of combination group was detailed as:middle cerebral artery in 20 patients,internal carotid artery in 3 patients,and vertebral-basilar artery in 4 patients,with a total recanalization rate of 93.1％.No postoperative hemorrhage was confirmed; two patients diagnosed as having internal carotid artery occlusion died.Recanaliztion rate of urokinase group was detailed as:middle cerebral artery in 15 patients,internal carotid artery in 3 patients,and vertebral-basilar artery in 0 patients,with a total recanalization rate of 64.2％; postopertive intracranial hemorrhage was noted in 5 patients and death in 8.For combination group,postoperative fourteen-day NIHSS scores decreased by 11.40±4.57 as compared with preoperative NIHSS scores; for urokinase group,postoperative fourteen-day NIHSS scores decreased by 11.40±4.57 as compared with preoperative NIHSS scores; significant differece was noted between the two groups (P＜0.05).Postoperative satisfactory rehabilitation (modified Rankin scale scores＜2) in combination group and urokinase group appeared in 20 and 17 patients,respectively,after 3 months of follow up.Conclusion The efficacy of stent-thrombectomy combined with arterial urokinase thrombolysis is superior to that of simple arterial urokinase thrombolysis in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective To explore the biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma cases after treatment with siRNA silencing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene.Methods Renal cell carcinoma cell line ACHN were divided into three groups,the control group without any intervention,negative control transfection group by adding the nonspecific transfection reagent and siRNA interference,and the observation group adding transfection reagent and siRNA interference.Cells with EGFR expression and proliferation activity,growth curve,migration and invasion activity were detected in three groups.Results After 72 h of siRNA treatment,the observation group had significantly lower EGFR expression levels,and cell growth activity ability,and cell number of RNAi group after 48 h than negative control transfection group and control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the blank control group and negative control transfection group,the observation group was significantly inhibited (P ＜0.05),and cell scratch distance after 12 h and 24 h was significantly higher than that of the control group and negative control transfection group (P ＜ 0.05).The control group and negative control transfection group showed no significant difference in the cell membrane at 12 h (P ＞0.05).The observation group had significantly lower transmembrane cell number than the control group and negative control transfection group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The proliferation,growth,migration and invasion of renal carcinoma cells can be effectively improved by using siRNA EGFR protein.

Objective To explore the biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma cases after treatment with siRNA silencing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene.Methods Renal cell carcinoma cell line ACHN were divided into three groups,the control group without any intervention,negative control transfection group by adding the nonspecific transfection reagent and siRNA interference,and the observation group adding transfection reagent and siRNA interference.Cells with EGFR expression and proliferation activity,growth curve,migration and invasion activity were detected in three groups.Results After 72 h of siRNA treatment,the observation group had significantly lower EGFR expression levels,and cell growth activity ability,and cell number of RNAi group after 48 h than negative control transfection group and control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the blank control group and negative control transfection group,the observation group was significantly inhibited (P ＜0.05),and cell scratch distance after 12 h and 24 h was significantly higher than that of the control group and negative control transfection group (P ＜ 0.05).The control group and negative control transfection group showed no significant difference in the cell membrane at 12 h (P ＞0.05).The observation group had significantly lower transmembrane cell number than the control group and negative control transfection group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The proliferation,growth,migration and invasion of renal carcinoma cells can be effectively improved by using siRNA EGFR protein.

Objective: To explore the related factors for primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) caused by chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and hepatitis C (CHC). Methods: According to the principle of cross-sectional study, a cluster random sample method was used, a total of 366 chronic hepatitis patients in hospitals were recruited from three provincial tertiary hospitals in Shanxi, Henan and Jilin between July 2016 and October 2016, respectively. Using a self-designed unified questionnaire, face-to-face interviews was conducted on subjects, including sex, age, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, green tea consumption, fish consumption, smoking, HBV/HCV diagnosis and treatment, diabetes mellitus, family history of PHC (whether PHC in first-degree relatives), etc. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression were performed to identify the related factors for PHC with CHB and CHC. According to the clinical diagnosis the patients were divided into a chronic hepatitis group (not developing to PHC) and a PHC group. Results: Among 366 cases patients, 287 (78.4%) cases were male, 79 cases were female (21.6%), average age was (52.7±9.3) years. 202 cases were chronic hepatitis group, 164 cases were PHC group. Multivariate unconditional logistics regression analysis indicated that alcohol consumption (odds ratio (OR)=2.11, 95%CI: 1.18-3.75), family history of PHC (OR=5.12, 95%CI: 2.60-10.08) were positively correlated with the development of PHC in chronic b, green tea consumption (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.23-0.88), antiviral treatment (OR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.11-0.32) were negatively correlated. Alcohol consumption (OR=3.98, 95%CI: 1.14-13.85) was positively correlated with the development of PHC in chronic c, antiviral treatment (OR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.04-0.50) was negatively correlated. Conclusion Alcohol consumption, family history of PHC, green tea consumption and antiviral treatment were the related factors for the development of PHC in chronic hepatitis b. Alcohol consumption and antiviral treatment were the related factors for the development of PHC in chronic hepatitis c.

Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

The research and development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) therapeutic drugs has been undergoing rapid development in recent years in order to achieve the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a major public health threat by 2030. The focus of early stage clinical trials (including the first human trial) is the selection of subjects, study design, dose selection, administration method, dose escalation, monitoring, observation and reporting procedures for adverse events/reactions (tolerability evaluation), and criteria for subjects to continue and discontinue administration. Therefore, quantitative pharmacology knowledge is required to analyze the relationship between in vivo drug exposure, efficacy and adverse reactions, and the inclusion of exploratory indicators such as HBV RNA, hepatitis B virus core-related antigen (HBcrAg), etc., to analyze the mechanism and target of innovative drugs and the efficacy of cccDNA in anti-hepatocytes. On the other hand, Phase II-III clinical trials prioritize the optimal dose, efficacy and safety indicators to verify the efficacy and safety of new drugs in a wider range of subjects. This paper refers to the relevant domestic and foreign literature, combined with the author's practical experience in early clinical research, and then briefly introduces the clinical issues that should be paid attention to in the design of clinical trials of CHB innovative drugs.