The effects of PGE2 on glucose metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetic and normal rats were studied by subcutaneous injection of PGE2, with the serum levels of glucose, insulin and glucagon, and histopathological survey of pancreas as indices of assessment. The results revealed that the cytoprotective effect of PGE2 against the damage of pancreatic islets caused by alloxan was invisible, however, a slight reduction of serum glucose level, suppression of insulin secretion and stimulation of glucagon secretion were observed. The hypoglycemic effect of PGE2 in alloxan-induced diabetic rats seemed to be dosage dependent and probably related to temporary hyperglycemia and inhibiton of glucagon on glycogenolysis in liver. Thus, it might be suggested that PGE2 has no cytoprotective effect on pancreatic islets against alloxan damage, but is rather an important factor in regulating insulin and glucagon secretion as well as serum glucose level both in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

[Objective] To understand the mental patients with tracheal intubation, formulate the corresponding nursing intervention, improve the quality of nursing care.[Methods] Analysis of extracting some nursing care of patients with tracheal intubation cases, discuss the causes of psychological problems and intervention measures.[Results] The tracheal intubation patients by nursing intervention, man-machine confrontation, accidental y were put the tube, with-out the treatment of reduction. [Conclusion] Take corresponding nursing intervention according to the psychological problems of patients with tracheal in-tubation, reduce complications during tracheal intubation occurred, improve the mental health status of patients, improve the nurse-patient communica-tion, improve the quality of nursing.

The evaluation systems of higher education in such developed countries as USA and Japan,are perfect and systemic,and it is significant to analyze them and use the experiences for reference.

Objective To construct a recombinant AAV reporter virus expressing GFP and observe its expression in NIH 3T3 cell. Methods The resulting gene of GFP was subcloned into the site EcoRⅠand BamHⅠof vector pssHGCMV, and a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector pssHGCMV-GFP expressing GFP was constructed by using DNA recombinant technique. The 143 cells were transfected with the vector and the rAAV stock expressing GFP was packaged, produced and purified. The titre of the rAAV stock was measured by quantitative dot blot hybridization. NIH 3T3 cells were infected with the rAAV and the fluorescence was detected in alive cells to confirm successful infection and the expression of exogenous gene in NIH 3T3 cell line. Results A GFP-expressing rAAV vector VssCMV-GFP was successfully constructed. The titer of the VssCMV-GFP was 3.16?10~(12) particles/mL. GFP was initially expressed in the NIH 3T3 cells 48h following infected by VssCMV-GFP and subsequently it gradually increased. The green fluorescence in the cells was the most apparent 120h after infected. Conclusion VssCMV-GFP can infect the eukaryotic cells and GFP can be expressed in the alive cells.It is suggested that rAAV-mediated transfer of the gene to the eukaryotic cells can serve as a delivery system of gene therapy.

Objective To investigate the effects of the locking compression plates on the intra-articular calcaneal fracture.Methods The lateral foot incision and locking plate was used for treatment of calcaneal fracture 54 cases.Results 36 patients were followed average 18 months(6-36months).The overall results to the Maryland Scale were evaluated as excellent in 26 cases,good in 5 cases.The rate of excellent and good was 86％.Conclusion The internal fixation with locking compression plate in treatment of calcaneal fractures can achieve good clinical results.It is a kind of ideal treatment method.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare erchen dispersible tablet and establish its quality control method.METHODS:cCMC-Na was used as disintegrating agent,and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as well as other adjuvants were added to prepare the tablet;The content of hesperidin was determined by HPLC,and the stability of the finished product was also evaluated.RESULTS:The sample size of hesperidin was linear in the range of1?g～80?g,the average recovery was99.98%,RSD=0.98%;The preparation showed good stability.CONCLUSION:The present formulatiom is rational,and the preparation technic is simple,the finished product meets the standards of Chinese Pharmacopenia.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infectious disease regarded to be a public-health problem worldwide. Since the 1990s, HFMD began to spread in the Asia-Pacific region (especially in South-East Asia). HFMD outbreaks have occurred in mainland China frequently since 2008, and the morbidity and mortality of HFMD has continued to increase in recent years. In mainland China, enterovirus A serotype enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) have been the major pathogens of HFMD during these years. However, the etiological spectrum of HFMD changes with time. This review focuses mainly on the etiological spectrum of HFMD and changes in epidemic patterns in mainland China.
China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Prevalence

In this paper, Paraffin and Frozen sections of cysticercus cellulosae cysts were used as antigens in IFA for diagnosis of cysticercosis. The results showed that the positive rates of 92 sera and 51 sera from the patients with cysticercosis that had been confirmed were 90% and 94%. respectively, Both of them have no significant difference This shows that both the paraffin and Frozen section have the same sensitivity. The former also has the advantages of convenience in production, and there is no need for low temperature equipment. When using the two section antigens, there were cross reactivity between the sera from patients of cysticercosis and the sera from patients of hydatidosis and clonorchiasis, while the tested 30 sera from healthy persons were negative reaction.

Objective To evaluate the effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on endothelial function in patients with hypertension. Methods Thirty patients were randomly divided into two groups-the treated group and the control group. The patients in the treated group were treated by integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and the patients in the control treated by felodipine sustained release tablets (Plendil). The base line of brachial angiobore and the change of vascular diameter at response to nitroglycerin and reactive hyperemia were detected by using ultrasonography. Results After the treatment with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, the inner diameter were significant improved (P 0.05). Conclusion Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine can improve endothelial function in patients with hypertension. Ultrasonography is a simple and effective method to evaluate the brachial arterial endothelial function.

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Despite its wide uses for more than 100 years, knowledge about mechanism of action and therapeutic issues of aspirin are still under discussion. The use of aspirin has been changed from an analgesic, anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory agent to an anti-thrombotic agent, especially in secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Aspirin has reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by 25%. However, the phenomenon of "aspirin resistance" has been described that in 5%-60% of patients aspirin may not achieve adequate efficacy of suppressing platelet activity. The convinced causes of this phenomenon are still unknown. It is probably due to drugs interaction, inadequate dosage and so on. By far the existing studies of aspirin are insufficient to explain all phenomena of aspirin resistance. And the results are not always uniform about the same research. Therefore, the characteristics in different population with aspirin resistance may account for the complexity. It is unrealistic to elucidate all aspirin resistance by only one pathway. More studies are required to investigate the mechanisms in different population respectively. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and the trait of cardiovascular disease, which often relapses and has a long history, aspirin resistance should be considered as collaterals disease. It can be treated with aspirin and traditional Chinese drugs which have the power to strengthen body resistance, reduce phlegm, remove blood stasis and toxic materials from meridians. The problem of aspirin resistance might be solved by this way, because the traditional Chinese medicine has the superiority of selecting appropriate therapeutic methods based on syndrome differentiation for different population and regulating the whole body's function. Subsequently, cardiovascular disease might be effectively prevented.