Objective:To study the protective effects of sea buckthorn polysaccharide extracts on lipopolysaccharide( LPS)/D-galactosa mine ( D-GalN )-induced liver injury in mice and investigate the regulation on hepatic TLR4 and SOCS3 expression.Methods:C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into six groups:control group,model group,dexamethasone positive control group, low, medium and high dose group of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.Mice in the sea buckthorn polysaccharides low, medium and high dose group were gavaged with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg sea buckthorn polysaccharide extracts for 14 days respectively.Acute liver injury model were established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS(10 μg/kg) and D-GalN (700 mg/kg).The mice in the dexamethasone positive control group were intraperitoneally injected with dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) before model estab-lishment.Serum and liver samples were collected after model establishment for 4 h .Serum levels of ALT and AST were detected.Histological changes of liver tissue were observed by HE staining.Hepatic expression of TLR4 and SOCS3 was detected by Western blot.Results:Sea buckthorn polysaccharide significantly inhibited LPS/D-GalN-induced elevation in serum levels of ALT and AST.It also alleviated liver cell injury and inflammatory infiltration.Western blot results showed that sea buckthorn polysaccharide inhibited LPS/D-GalN-induced TLR4 expression.SOCS3 expression was not dramatically influenced by sea buckthorn polysaccharide supplementation.Conclusion:Sea buckthorn polysaccharide protects against LPS/D-GalN-induced liver injury.This protective effects may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 but not associated with modulation on SOCS3 expression.

Objective:Using the macrophage cell lines RAW264.7 stably expressing Rab5a and its dominant negative mutant Rab5aN133I as models to analyze the effect and the mechanism of Rab 5a,Rab5aN133I on CpG-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type Ⅰ IFN.Methods: The eukaryotic expression vectors of Rab5a and Rab5aN133I were transfected into RAW264.7 cells by liposome,and screened with G418.The G418-resistant colonies were obtained and amplified.The transformed cell lines were i-dentified by RT-PCR,Real time-PCR and Western blot.The production of cytokines were measured after transformed cell lines of Rab5a and Rab5aN133I was stimulation with CpG for 8 h.Results: Rab5a expression in transfected cells was significantly higher than the control cell group (P<0.05).Overexpression of Rab5a significantly promoted the production of TNF -α,IL1-β(P<0.01) and IFN-β( P<0.05) in CpG stimulated RAW264.7.The production of cytokines was restored in Rab 5aN133I transfected cell line.Conclusion:Rab 5a promotes CpG-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and typeⅠIFN in macrophages,it may be act as a positive regulator in TLR9 signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the inhibitory effects of seabuckthorn polysaccharide on hepatic oxidative stress in a mice model of acute liver injury induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS and D -GalN and detect the expression on hepatic BCL-2/Bax and PPAR-γ.Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into six groups:control group ( CTRL), model group ( L/G), dexamethasone positive control group ( DXM ) , low ( SPL ) , medium ( SPM ) and high dose group ( SPH ) of seabuckthorn polysaccharide.Mice in the SPL,SPM and SPH group were gavaged with 50,100 and 200 mg/kg seabuckthorn polysaccharide for 14 days respectively.Acute liver injury model were established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 μg/kg) and D-GalN (700 mg/kg) .Serum and liver samples were collected 4 h after model establishment .Serum levels of ALT and AST and the content of MDA were de-tected.Hepatic expression of SOD 2 BCL-2 and Bax was determined by Western blot and the expression of PPAR-γwas detected by im-munohistochemistry .Results:ALT and AST levels significantly increased in the model group and decreased dose-dependently after pre-treatment with seabuckthorn polysaccharide .The level of MDA in the model group increased significantly as compared with the control group and decreased in seabuckthorn polysaccharide groups ,while the level of SOD 2 decreased in the model group and recovered in sea-buckthorn polysaccharide groups .The expression of Bax decreased after pretreatment with seabuckthorn polysaccharide .There was no obvious effect on BCL-2 expression after sea buckthorn polysaccharide supplementation .The expression of PPAR-γreduced in the sea-buckthorn polysaccharide group as compared with the model group .Conclusion:Seabuckthorn polysaccharide protects against LPS /D-GalN-induced liver injury.The effect is associated with an upregulation of SOD 2 and downregulation of Bax .

Objective To determine the value of using B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and D-dimer in preliminary recognition of cardioembolic stroke patients.Methods A mutilple-center study was conducted in Foshan Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and its affiliated hospitals from July 2015 to July 2016.In the emergency departments (EDs),emergency physicians prospectively assessed consecutive adult patients with acute cardioembolic stroke and measured plasma BNP by POCT platform on admission,then followed up.Stroke neurologists evaluated patients' functional outcome at hospital discharge and also made discharge diagnosis and stroke etiologic subtypes according to the TOAST criteria.Results In this study,290 acute ischemic stroke patients met the study criteria [mean age (68.41 ± 12.06) years;53.8％ female].Of the enrolled patients,28.3％ were diagnosed with LAA at discharge,17.9％ with CE,42.8％ with SAO,11.0％ with SOE or SUE.And the mean BNP concentration was significantly higher in the CE group than that in other three subtypes (P ＜ 0.001).After adjustment for multiple clinical predictors like gender,age,coronary artery disease,atrial fibrillation and renal function,BNP and D-dimer were associated with CE [BNP OR:1.044 (95％ CI 1.025,1.064),P ＜ 0.001;D-dimer OR:1.511(95％ CI 1.020,2.238),P =0.039,respectively].Conclusion Through POCT technique in the EDs,cardioembolic stroke patients can be differentiated from other TOAST subtypes.BNP with/without D-dimer has good but different corresponding diagnostic performance in preliminary recognition of cardioembolic stroke patients.

Objective:To investigate the hemostatic effect of epinephrine saline rinse solution in cleft palate repair.Methods:A total of 100 children who underwent cleft palate repair in the operating room of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from 2018 to 2020 were selected, Among them, 51 were males and 49 females, aged from 6 months to 12 years, with an average (2.5±2.49) years. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether to use epinephrine saline flushing fluid: in group A, 43 cases were treated with adrenaline saline irrigation solution to wash the incision during the operation; gauze soaked in rinse solution was used to fill the oral cavity before endotracheal intubation and extubation after operation; in B group of 57 cases, no intraoperative rinses were used. The intraoperative blood loss and operation duration were compared between the two groups.Results:Intraoperative use in group A after adrenaline saline rinses showed that the intraoperative blood loss of children (16.23±4.88) ml was significantly lower than that of group B (19.26±4.13) ml. The duration of operation in group A (109.79±40.27) min was significantly shorter than that in group B (137.16±50.47) min, The difference was statistically significant ( t=2.92, P<0.05). Conclusions:The incision is rinsed with epinephrine saline solution during cleft palate repair. In addition, before endotracheal intubation and extubation after operation, gauze soaked in rinsing solution is used to fill the oral cavity, which could significantly reduce the amount of bleeding and shorten the operation time.

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for clarifying improvement effects of Anemarrhena asphodeloides on sepsis- induced myocardial injury and potential material basis. METHODS Water extract of A. asphodeloides was extracted by thermal reflux method. Total xanthone and total saponins in A. asphodeloides were separated by macroporous adsorption resin. The mice model of sepsis-induced myocardial injury was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide. The effects of the location of three extraction fractions and the monomers of A. asphodeloides as mangiferin， timosaponin AⅢ and timosaponin BⅡ on the survival rate of the model mice were explored. HE staining was used to observe the effects of mangiferin， timosaponin AⅢ and timosaponin BⅡ on myocardial morphology in model mice. The effects of mangiferin on mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）] and the level of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in myocardial tissue of model mice were detected. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the survival rate of mice in the intervention group of total xanthone， total saponins and water extract was increased to different extents， especially total xanthone fraction. Mangiferin， timosaponin AⅢ and timosaponin BⅡcould improve the degree of myocardial cell swelling and muscle bundle arrangement disorder in model mice， especially mangiferin. Compared with model group， mRNA expressions of IL-6， IL- 1β and TNF- α， ROS level in myocardium of mice after mangiferin intervention were decreased to different extents. CONCLUSIONS The different extraction fractions of A. asphodeloides can improve survival rate of mice with sepsis-induced myocardial injury， especially total xanthone fraction. Mangiferin is the best among the three monomers of A. asphodeloides to improve sepsis-induced myocardial injury， which may play a role in anti-sepsis myocardial injury by anti-inflammation and antioxidantion.