AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cefetamet pivoxil vs cefixime in the treatment of acute bacterial infections. 　METHODS: A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Ninety-eight patients (M 43, F 55; age 40 a±　s 13 a) with acute bacterial infections of cefetamet group were given cefetamet pivoxil 250-500 mg, po, bid, for 7-14 d, and ninty-five patients (M 44, F 51; age 42 a±14 a) of cefixime group were given cefixime 200 mg, po, bid, for 7-14 d.　RESULTS: The overall clinical efficacy rates were 95 % and 94 %, the bacterial clearance rates were 96 % and 94 %, the bacterial sensitive rates were 98 % and 96 %, the adverse reaction rates were 7 % and 6 %, respectively. There was no statistical significance between two groups (P>0.05).　CONCLUSION: Cefetamet pivoxil and cefixime are effective and safe in the treatment of acute bacterial infections.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of meropenem in Chinese patients, we conducted a study for the treatment of patients with lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and other infections.

METHODSA total of 182 hospitalized patients were enrolled in the study. 90 patients received 500 mg meropenem every 12 hours (or 1 g every 12 hours if necessary) and 92 patients received imipenem/cilastatin 500 mg/500 mg every 12 hours (or 1 g every 12 hours if necessary) by intravenous infusion. The duration of treatment was 7 - 14 days for both groups.

RESULTSSeventy of 90 cases receiving meropenem and 70 of 92 cases receiving imipenem/cilastatin were assessable for clinical efficacy. The overall efficacy rates were 90% for the meropenem group and 87% for the imipenem/cilastatin group, and the bacterial eradication rates were 86% in both groups. 93 (76%) of 123 strains isolated from patients produced beta-lactamases. Adverse drug reactions were evaluated in 72 cases in the meropenem group and 70 cases in the imipenem/cilastatin group. The adverse drug reaction rates were 9.7% and 8.6%, respectively. The results showed that there were no statistical differences between these two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMeropenem is effective and safe for the treatment of bacterial infections caused mainly by beta-lactamase-producing strains.

Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Cilastatin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Imipenem ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; drug therapy ; Thienamycins ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Urinary Tract Infections ; drug therapy

Objective: To investigate the effect of fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided one-lung ventilation (OLV) on treatment of intractable atelectasis in children. Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2014 to May 2017. Six patients with intractable atelectasis of left lung were included. Three cases were male and three female with the age from 1.5 to 11.0 years. The endotracheal tube was intubated to the left main bronchus for OLV by the guidance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The effect of treatment by monitoring the chest imaging after treatment was evaluated. Result: Six pediatric patients were successfully cured by OLV. The duration of OLV ranged from 1.5 to 30.0 hours, and the intervals of OLV were usually 3 to 5 days. Each patient received 6 to 20 OLV treatments. Chest images showed the left lung reexpanded obviously after OLV treatments. Five patients successfully weaned from invasive ventilation and were discharged. Another patient turned better, discharged from hospital with noninvasive ventilation and weaned from noninvasive ventilation one month later after discharge. During the procedure of OLV, the vital signs of all patients were stable and no complication occurred. Conclusion OLV with selective bronchial intubation guided by fiber bronchoscope is a safe and effective treatment for intractable atelectasis in children.