The serum lipids and lipoproteins in 15 type Ⅱ nephrotic syndrome were studied and compared with 20 health controls. The serum TC, TG, LDL-C were significantly increased. There were the inverse correlation between serum TC, TG, LDL-C and albumin and the week positive corre ation between serum lipids, lipoproteins and creatinine. These suggested that there be the wide abnormalities of lipids and lipoproteins in type Ⅱ nephrotic syndrome which may be risk factors of cardiovascular disease and progressive renal diseases.

CTGF, a member of the CCN family of immediate early genes, is a recently discovered profibrotic growth factor, which is involved in many pathophysiologic procedures. CTGF acts as a downstream effector of TGF-? acting on interstitial cells to enhance the progression of fibrotic renal diseases. It has been shown that CTGF gene expression can be induced or blocked by some kinds of cytokine and drugs. It is an interesting candidate target for future intervention strategies of renal interstitial fibrosis. [

AIM: It has been proved that transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1) has a close correlation with kidney fibrosis. This study investigated the effects of TGF-?1 on stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E). METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Division of Molecular Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University from March 2006 to May 2007. ①Rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E, Monash Medical Center, Australia) were divided into normal control group, which were not treated with TGF-?1 (Cytola), and experimental group, which were subdivided into time-dependent groups: NRK-52E cells were incubated with TGF-?1 at the same concentration (2 ?g/L) for 6, 12, and 24 hours, and dose-dependent groups: NRK-52E cells were treated with TGF-?1 at different concentrations (2, 5, and 10 ?g/L) for 24 hours. ②The semi-quantitative calculation of SDF-1 protein expression in the cells treated with TGF-?1 at the concentration of 2 ?g/L for different time was accessed by immunocytochemistry to find the best time point. Then the variances of the mRNA and protein expression level in cells treated with TGF-?1 at different concentrations for 24 hours were detected by RT-PCR and Western-Blotting. RESULTS: ①The protein expression level of SDF-1 in NRK-52E cells treated with TGF-?1 for 12 and 24 hours was higher than for 0 hour (P 0.05). This indicated the SDF-1 expression reached a flat stage, and 24 hour was the bets time to study the dose dependence. ②Both the mRNA and protein expression level analyses demonstrated that the expression of SDF-1 in NRK-52E cells treated with 2 ?g/L TGF-?1 for 24 hours was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P

BACKGROUND: Pathogenesy of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is not clear up to now. Present research has verified that the key pathogenetic pathway is abnormalities of IgA1 molecular O-glycosylation induced by decrease of β1, 3-galactosyltranferase activity in IgA1 hinge region of IgAN patients. Prophase study by the authors supposed that the key of IgAN O-glycosylation abnormality might be due to the decrease of β1, 3-galactosyltranferase specific molecular protein chaperone Cosmc in B lymphocyte of peripheral blood in IgAN patients.OBJECTIVE: To measure DNA sequence of β1, 3-galactosyltranferase specific molecular chaperone in coding region of Cosmc gene in IgAN patients, and compared with the sequence of Gene Bank.DESIGN: Case-controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 27 IgAN patients and 10 non-IgAN patients were recruited in Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from November 2005 to August 2006, and five normal controls were included in this study. All the subjects knew the fact and agreed to participate in the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed at the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Sichuan University. 2 mL peripheral venous blood of all the samples were taken into heparin sodium anticoagulated tubes, from which total genomic DNA were extracted by phenol/chloroform precipitation method. Concentration of DNA was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the coding region of β1, 3-galactosyltranferase specific molecular chaperone Cosmc gene in all the subjects and direct sequencing was done in PCR products of each subjects. The results of all the sequencing were compared with Gene Bank one by one.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Amplification findings and sequencing of coding region of β1, 3-galactosyltranferase specific molecular chaperone Cosmc gene by PCR.RESULTS: ①Coding region of Cosmc gene located at 257-1 213, and amplified Cosmc gene was 1 247 bp. ②The sequence of Cosmc gene coding region was similar in IgAN patients, non-IgAN patients and normal controls, and no difference of gene sequence was noticed in all the result sequences as compared with the Gene Bank registered sequence.CONCLUSION: No abnormal sequence is found in coding region of Cosmc gene in IgAN patients, suggesting that this coding region probably is not associated with the abnormalities of IgA1 O-glycosylation in IgAN.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Compound Longxuejie Capsules for treatment of stable angina pectoris with cariac blood stasis syndrome. Methods A randomized, double-blind, positive drug parallel controlled, multi-center clinical trial was adopted. 418 patients with stable angina pectoris with cariac blood stasis syndrome were randomly chosen and divided into two groups:test group (314 cases) and control group (104 cases). The test group was treated with Compound Longxuejie Capsules and the control group received Compound Danshen Capsules. Treatment course of each group was 28 days. Results The antiangina effect and changes electrocardiogram in test group were better than that of the control group (P0.05). The test group had no obvious side effect. Conclusion Compound Longxuejie Capsules was proved safe and effective in treating stable angina pectoris of stable angina pectoris with cariac blood stasis syndrome.

Objective To evaluate the effect of imatinib in improving myocardial fibrosis in uremic rats through regulating the expression of PDGFRα.Methods Seventy two rats were divided into three groups ,which were Sham group ,5/6 group and 5/6+I group .All The rats in 5/6 group underwent the 5/6 nephrectomy and the rats in 5/6+I group were given imatinib by ga‐vage after the operation of 5/6 nephrectomy .Hearts were harvested for HE and Sirius red staining at 8 weeks post surgery .The ex‐pression of PDGFRαwas assessed with immunohistological staining .The real‐time PCR was employed to detect the PDGFRαmR‐NA level in hear samples .Results The urine protein ,Scr ,BUN of the 5/6 group and 5/6+I group were higher than that of Sham group(P<0 .01) .The myocardial pathological score in Sham group was significantly lower than that of 5/6 group (P<0 .01) ,and the score in 5/6+I group was significantly lower than that of 5/6 group (P<0 .01) .The collagen volume fraction (CVF) in 5/6 group was significantly higher than that in Sham group (P<0 .01) .And the CVF in 5/6+ I group was higher than that in Sham group (P<0 .05) ,but lower than that of 5/6 group (P<0 .05) .The expression ratio of PDGFRαmRNA and staining rate in 5/6 group and 5/6+I group were both much higher than that in Sham group (P<0 .01) ,and the expression in 5/6+I group was signif‐icantly lower than that in 5/6 group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion These data suggest that the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib reduces heart injury and attenuates myocardial fibrosis in uremic rat by mechanisms associated with the inhibition of the expression of PDGFRα.

AIM: To study the effect of bFGF on cell proliferation, secretion of type I collagen and expression of integrin ? 1 in human kidney fibroblasts (KFB). METHODS: The KFB was cultured and stimulated by bFGF in vitro. The proliferation and collagen I secreting of KFB, the expression of integrin ? 1 were measured by MTT, ELISA and flow cytometer, respectively. RESULTS: bFGF (25-50 ?g/L) could obviously stimulate the cell proliferation ( P

Objective To evaluate the effects of Radix Astr agali combined with prednisone and i mmunosuppressant for primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS)in adults and to compare the effects o f Radix Astragali in various prepata tions for PNS.Methods Randomized controlled trials were a pplied for systemic reviews.Electr onic and manual retrieve of Medline,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBMdisc a nd CEBM/CCD and relevant medical jou rnals in China were applied to search the RCTs of Radix Astragali,non -specific treatment,glucocorticoids and i mmunosuppresants for PNS,and the RCTs were analysed with RevMan 4.1.Results There were 14randomized controlled trials with 524cases involved.Meta-analysis showed that Radix Astragali could in crease the therapeutic effect of pre dnisone and immunosuppressant for PNS and re-duce its recurrence.Radix Astragali also had an effect in decreasing 24-hour proteinuria content and the pla sma levels of total cholesterol and albumin.There were no differences between single injection and compound decoction.Asymmetry showed in"Funnel plot"may be related to publication bias,l ow quality of methodology and small -size in sample.Conclusion Radix Astragali and its prescriptio n may become a prospect therapy for PN S and its recurrence and the com-bination of traditional Chinese med icine and western medicine can be more effective for PNS.The dedinite effect of Radix Astragali for PNS will be further con firmed by multiple -center,large -s ample randomized controlled trial.

Mechanics plays an important role in regulating cell function. Hydrodynamics has become a hot topic of research in recent years. As an important factor, hydrodynamic pressure has significant influence on the form, cytoskeleton, proliferation, apoptosis and secretion function of cells. Many researches indicated that there are close relationships between kidney diseases and hydrodynamics which should be studied deeply.
Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytoskeleton ; physiology ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Hydrostatic Pressure ; Kidney ; cytology ; Pressure

The IgA1 proteases are a group of proteolytic enzymes, which are produced by pathogenic bacteria that infect and colonize mucosal surfaces. This group of proteolytic enzymes was found to cleave specific peptide bonds within the sequence TPPTPSPSTPPTPSPS (T, P and S are threonine, proline and serine residues, respectively) found in the hinge region of human IgA1. Several findings support the role of IgA1 protease, for example, its ability to cleave human LAMP1 (hLAMP1), TNF-RII, the CD8 molecule of T lymphocytes and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), synaptobrevin II, hormone human chorionic gonadotropin, and its ability to exhibit important immunomodulatory properties, etc. , in particular the induction of proinflammatory cytokines. The IgA1 proteases have been found to instigate part of the T cell inflammatory response, especially to stimulate the release of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). All these suggest that this enzyme plays a significant role in pathogenesis. There are many other researches to explore new biological treatments of diseases using the biological characteristics of IgA1 protease.
Bacteria ; enzymology ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Bacterial Infections ; enzymology ; immunology ; Humans ; Serine Endopeptidases ; adverse effects ; physiology ; Virulence