BACKGROUND:As bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can be differentiated into osteoblasts under certain induction conditions, autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can be implanted into the bone nonunion site of bone fracture. This new technology garners increasing attention of orthopedic clinicians.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the clinical efficacy of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in the treatment of bone nonunion of limb fractures.
METHODS:A computer-based search of Foreign Medical Journal Ful-Text Service and CNKI databases was performed for articles related to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s for treatment of bone nonunion of limb fractures published from 1998 to 2014 using the keywords of“bone marrow stem cel s (BMSCs), stem cel transplantation (SCT), nonunions, tissue engineering”in English and Chinese, respectively. Literatures with repetitive content and lack of originality were excluded. A total of 36 literatures were obtained for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are transplanted into the end of bone nonunion, and then can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts to repair bone nonunion and bone defects,
laying a theoretical basis for clinical application. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can repair bone defects, which provides an effective method and material to promote fracture healing. Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s is safe and effective for treatment of bone nonunion of limb fracture.

Objective To review the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis ( OA) and microsphere delivery systems advances in the field of osteoarthritis treatment, and provide theoretical support for clinical research and osteoarthritis therapy.Methods The literatures on osteoarthritis have been reviewed in recent years, and pathogenesis and osteoarthritis therapy were summarized.ResuIts At present, the therapy of OA was gradually from symptoms relief to pathogenesis, and further revealed the inner regularity of osteoarthritis treatment.However, a variety of western medicines had its own limitations. ConcIusion In recent years, intra-articular injection therapy because of its unique advantages in clinical treatments,attracts widespread attention, and particularly the microsphere injection with superior prospects is researched more in the field of new formulations.

BACKGROUND:Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels as a kind of adult stem cels with strong proliferation and multilineage differentiation potential exhibit a tremendous application potential in tissue engineering and biological therapy.
OBJECTIVE:To in vitro culture, proliferate and identify rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and to observe cel biological characteristics.
MEHTODS:Bone marrow of rabbits was extracted under sterile conditions to separate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels using the whole bone marrow adherence method and Percol density gradient centrifugation method. Afterwards, the cels were purified and proliferated using differential adherence method. Morphology and growth pattern of cels were observed under microscope, and expression of cel surface antigen markers was detected by flow cytometry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels presented with short adherent time and fast growth. After passage and purification, impurities cel counts were decreased. Primary cels presented with triangular, fusiform and spindly shapes. Passage 5 cels with single shape showed the typical polar swirling growth, and could not express CD34 and CD45, but expressed CD29 and CD44. These findings indicate that the cels cultured using the whole bone marrow adherence method and Percol density gradient centrifugation method possess stem cel characteristics in morphology, surface markers and multilineage differentiation, which have been identified as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels by flow cytometry.

Objective To study optimal compatibility scheme of vidarabine monophosphate for injection combined with aciclovir injection. Methods L18(35) of orthogonal design was used with five factors: temperature, illumination,storage time,solvent and solvent dosage;the insoluble particles were observed by GWJ-4 type particle analyzer.The content of vidarabine monophosphate and aciclovir was detected by HPLC.Optimization of the best scheme of vidarabine monophosphate for Injection combined with aciclovir injection was studied.Results The regression equation of vidarabine monophosphate and aciclovir were A=3.78 ×104C+2.32, r=0.9997(n=5)and A=7.11 ×105C-4.65, r=0.9995(n=5),The results showed that the relationship between the range of 200-900μg/mL(vidarabine monophosphate) and the range of 1000-4500μg/mL(aciclovir) was good.The optimal compatibility conditions are the follows:temperature of 25,as far as possible away from light;Vidarabine monophosphate for injection 1 (0.1 g/branch) and 1 acyclovir injection (10 mL:0.5 g) mixed with 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride injection,and dropping out within 4 h after compatibility. Conclusion The optimal compatibility scheme has good repeatability,injection solution stability is good.It prouides scientific reference for the safty of clinical rational drug use.

Objective To evaluate the impact of different factors on long-term results in cervical carcinoma patients initially treated by surgery followed by radiotherapy. Methods In 1998, 525 cervical carcinoma patients were admitted, among whom 346 patients were first treated by surgery. 302 of these 525 patients were given postoperative radiotherapy. The stage distribution of these 302 patients were: stage I 142;stage Ⅱa 121;stage Ⅱb 23;and stage Ⅲa 16. ~ 60 Co ? or 6MV X-ray was used for radiotherapy. Perpendicular portals were alternately irradiated to 44-50Gy/4-5 week. Extending the portal, increasing the dose after constricting portal, adding intracavitary afterloading irradiation and adjuvant chemotherapy were carried out according to the different clinical requirements. Results The 5-year survival rate was 89.4%,77.7%,56.5% and 56.3% in stage I, Ⅱa, Ⅱb and Ⅲa lesion, respectively(?~2=22.22,P

Objective: To compare the efficacy of induction chemotherapy (IC) plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with that of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) plus adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for patients with loco-regionally advanced naso-pharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods:Data of 240 patients with loco-regionally advanced NPC were reviewed. These patients were admitted to the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 2004 and December 2008. Among the 240 patients, 117 under-went the IC+IMRT and 123 were treated with the CCRT+AC. The IC+IMRT group received a regimen including cisplatin and 5-fluoro-uracil (5-FU). The CCRT+AC group received cisplatin concurrently with radiotherapy and subsequently received adjuvant cisplatin and 5-FU. The survival rates of the patients were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the survival curves were compared by Log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results:The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, local relapse-free survival, and the nodal relapse-free survival were 78.0%versus 78.7%, 68.9%versus 67.5%, 79.0%versus 77.0%, 91.6%versus 91.0%, and 95.3%versus 93.7%in the IC+IMRT and CCRT+AC groups, respectively. The survival between the two groups exhibited no significant differences. Higher rates of Grades 3 to 4 nau-sea-vomiting (8.1%vs. 1.7%, P=0.023) and leukopenia (9.7%vs. 0.9%, P=0.006) were observed in the CCRT+AC group. Multivariate analysis revealed that N stage and age were significant prognostic factors for the OS of the patients with loco-regionally advanced NPC. Conclusion:The treatment outcomes of IC+IMRT and CCRT+AC were similar. Distant metastasis remained as the predominant mode of treatment failure.

INTRODUCTIONThe present study aimed to investigate the possible associations between serum levels of visfatin, an adipokine, and atherosclerosis in patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease.

METHODSA total of 95 participants were recruited for this study. Group A comprised 35 individuals with no history of cerebrovascular disease (control group) and Group B comprised 60 patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. Group B was further categorised into two subgroups based on the ultrasonographic findings of the common carotid artery intima‑media thickness (CCA‑IMT) - Group B1 consisted of 21 patients with no atherosclerosis (i.e. CCA‑IMT ≤ 0.9 mm) and Group B2 consisted of 39 patients with atherosclerosis (i.e. CCA‑IMT > 0.9 mm). The body mass index, fasting blood total cholesterol, triglycerides, high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose levels of each patient were measured. Serum visfatin levels were determined using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays. Visfatin levels were compared between groups, and stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for atherosclerosis, including visfatin levels.

RESULTSThe mean serum visfatin level of the patients in Group B was higher than that in Group A (75.5 ± 77.80 ng/mL vs. 8.6 ± 4.69 ng/mL; p < 0.05) and the level was higher in patients from Group B2 than those from Group B1 (89.0 ± 80.68 ng/mL vs. 50.4 ± 72.44 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that CCA‑IMT values were not significantly associated with visfatin levels. However, logistic regression analysis showed that serum visfatin was an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (odds ratio 37.80; p = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONSerum visfatin may be an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction, as high serum visfatin levels are positively associated with the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of ischaemic cerebrovascular disease.

Adipokines ; metabolism ; Adipose Tissue ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; complications ; Body Mass Index ; Brain Ischemia ; blood ; complications ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Case-Control Studies ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; blood ; complications ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ; blood ; Risk Factors

Objective To investigate the CT features of clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC)and angiomyolipoma with minimal fat (AMLmf)and to improve the CT diagnostic accuracy of these two diseases.Methods The CT features of 55 patients with pathologically-confirmed ccRCC and 1 2 patients with pathologically-confirmed AMLmf were analyzed retrospectively,including the CT value in both plain and tri-phase enhanced CT scan,tumor enhancement rate(△R1,△R2,△R3),maximum diameter,enhanced homogeneity,location of the main tumor,cortex raising signs,etc.The statistical analysis was carried on.Results The maximum diameter,the CT value in parenchymal phase,enhancement rate (△R1,△R2,△R3)of tumors in ccRCC group were significantly higher than those of tumors in AMLmf group,and the CT value in plain CT scan in ccRCC group was significantly lower than that in AMLmf group (all P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found in the CT value of the tumor in corticomedullary phase and in excretion phase (both P>0.05).The rate of extrarenally-located main tumors of AMLmf group was significantly higher than that of ccRCC group (P=0.020),the location of main tumors and cortex raising signs showed no statistically significant difference with the maximum tumor diameter(both P>0.05).The enhanced homogeneity of the tumor in corticomedullary phase,parenchymal phase and excretion phase in ccRCC group was lower than that in AMLmf group (all P<0.05).Conclusion The CT value in plain CT scan in ccRCC group is lower than that in AMLmf group;the enhancement rate of the ccRCC group is higher than that of the AMLmf group;the enhanced homogeneity of the ccRCC group is worse than that of the AMLmf group.The extrarenally-located main tumors are more commonly seen in AMLmf than in ccRCC,and the cortex raising signs and the location of main tumors are unrelated to the size of the tumor.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of joint application of carcinoembryionic and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 for improving the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical-pathological features and prognosis were conducted including 390 patients with gallbladder cancer,who were treated from January 2003 to December 2013 at Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Second Military Medical University.The clinical value of joint application of careinoembryionic and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in prognosis was explored.The survival of patients was followed up by telephone or outpatient.Continuous variables were indicated as median (average) and categorical variables were expressed as number(n).Mann-Whitney U test was applied for continuous variables.Categorical variables were compared by the Chi-square test or Fisher probability method.The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method.The univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of prognosis were respectively done using the Log-rank test and COX regression model.Results Of the 390 patients,327 had complete data.The median (range) follow-up time was 49 (1-123) months.Both carcinoembryionic and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 could be used to predict prognosis of gallbladder cancer.A linear combination of carcinoembryionic and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 was significantly better(0.9365) than carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (0.7619) as well as carcinoembryionic (0.7937) alone in term of specificity.Preoperative blood test carcinoembryionic and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 nature showed double-negative group had the best prognosis,with a median survival of 27.06 months,R0 radical rate was 86.1％.Doublepositive group had the worst prognosis,with a median survival of 6.17 months,R0 radical rate was 45.1％.Conclusions Combinations of pretherapeutic tumor makers carcinoembryionic and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 can improve the accuracy of predicting prognostic in patients with gallbladder cancer,and the clinical application is practical.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of objective feedback teaching applied in the specialist nurses training of digestive endoscopy.Methods:Six-eighty nurses participating in the training of specialist nurses of digestive endoscopy in Chongqing were recruited in the study, among which, 30 trainees in 2019 were assigned to the observation group, taking objective feedback teaching, and 38 trainees in 2018 were assigned to the control group, receiving traditional teaching. After the training, the two teaching methods were assessed through theoretical results, operation skills and comprehensive evaluation, and meanwhile a self-designed satisfaction questionnaire on the satisfaction of trainees was conducted. SPSS 25.0 was used to perform t-test, Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results:The operation skills (84.90±4.92) and comprehensive quality (86.30±4.62) of observation group were higher than those of the control group [(82.39±4.10), (83.86±5.10)], with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in theoretical knowledge [(85.80±5.63) vs. (83.68±4.51), P>0.05]. Trainees were satisfied with the new training mode. Conclusion:The objective feedback teaching mode can improve the training effect especially on operation skills and comprehensive quality of the specialist nurses of digestive endoscopy, and insure the satisfaction of specialist nurses with the training.