Background: The pathogeneses of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) are related with the living way of a patient, that holds biopsychosocial-existential problems. Especially existential problems are more essential; such patients are sometimes in existential vacuum. It is impossible to care the patients by onlharmacotherapy; that needs psychotherapy and physical therapy. Logotherapy and existential analysis (LTEA) was established by Prof. Viktor Frankl to save such patients, that is one of the experimental psychotherapy. Balneotherapy (BT) is popular all around the world to cure stressful patients. Objective: We have developed Balneo-logotherapy (BLT) for patients with FMS by adding LTEA to the BT, which mainly consists of treatment carried out by taking bathes at a hot spring, a non-ordinary place. We also determined the prognosis one year after the therapy. Method of BLT: After enough motivation and the informed consent, a patient begins BLT program. The mean duration of the therapy was 4.5±1.2 weeks. During the period from the start of the BLT until the time the patient was relieved of Yuatari phenomenon (thermal crisis, bath reaction, YP), the patient was directed to do nothing. Therapist should pay attention to help the patient to overcome YP. After this period, the patient was given free time to do things such as taking a walk. Throughout the period of BLT, patients should write in the simple diary every day and record what they became aware concerning the body and the mind. Subjects and methods: Subjects were 65 patients with FMS (42.0 yrs±11.5, Male: Female = 24:41). Based on pathogenesis, FMS patients were classified into two groups: psychosomatic (PSD) Type (n=30) and PTSD Type (n=35). PSD type was mainly caused by loss of bodily sense (alexithymia) and hyper-adaptation. PTSD Type was mainly caused by trauma such as ill-treatment and war experience. The relationship between having YP or not and the prognosis was also determined. Results: Overall recurrence rate was 30.8%. Recurrence rates for each type were: 23.3% for PSD Type FMS, and 37.1% for PTSD Type. Incidence of YP occurrence was: 80.0% for all cases, 86.7% for PSD Type and 74.3% for PTSD Type. The more severe YP, the better the prognosis (p<0.05). One year after the therapy, cases without recurrence accounted for 69.2% of all the cases. In PSD Type, recurrence was not seen in 73.3%. In PTSD Type, recurrence was not seen in 65.7%. Recurrence rate was lower for the group of patients with development of YP. Discussion: Therapeutic self is most important; to create interpersonal communication to tune in the patient to get aware of intrapersonal communication (according to biopsychosocial-existential model) of the patient. Patient’s psychological movements were; Dependency ⇒ Awareness ⇒ Autonomy ⇒ Reset of the mind (through YP and ASC) ⇒ Intervention by the therapist to make change in behavior through the awareness of his own meaning of life. In this process, occurrence of YP is meaningful. A hot spa is a very suitable place to perform psychotherapy like logotherapy.