Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of the enteric pathogens in Shanxi province to guide the choice of antibacterials.Methods 798 cases of fecal samples from patients with diarrhea were treated in the outpatient and inpatient.The suspected pathogen was separated then PCR,biochemical test,serum agglutination tests were used for identification of suspected pathogen,and bacterial pathogens constitution and patho-genic characteristics were analyzed.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by diskdiffusion method for the suspected pathogen with 6 antimicrobial agents.Results 81 strains isolated from 798 specimens were positive with 10.15% for pathogen detection.Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was the first frequently pathogen,accounting for 46.91%,followed by Shigella,Salmonella and Aeromonas.Drug sensitivity monitoring showed that the most of the 81 strains had lower level of resistance to cefoitin,cefotaxime and ciorofloxacin,and higher level of resistance to tetra-cycline and nalidixic aid.Conclusion Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,Shigella,Salmonella and Aeromonas are the major bacterial diarrheal pathogens in the hospital.Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in these bacteria should be strengthened to provide reliable evidence for clinical anti infection treatment.

Early growth is associated with later health outcomes including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.It has been suggested that these associations are mediated through classical risk factors , for example dyslipidemia .It has confirmed that post-prandial levels of many risk factors have been proposed to be more important than fasting levels in the initiation and progression of a -dulthood diseases .The studies about the effect of early growth on postprandial responses have attracted considerable attention .This re-view focuses on the relationship between early growth and postprandial responses , and the role of both in adulthood diseases , aiming to further discuss the relationship and possible mechanism between early growth and later diseases .

Objective To study the effects of ETP-508,a novel endothelin receptor antagonist,on the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells(PASMCs) of rat cultured in hypoxia environment.Methods Primary culture of rat PASMCs was prepared by the method of tissue block anchorage,and they were assigned into four groups: normoxia group(21% O2),hypoxia group(2% O2),hypoxia+BQ-485 group(10-6,10-7,10-8,10-9mol/L) and hypoxia + ETP-508 group(10-6,10-7,10-8,10-9mol/L).MTT(492nm) assay was used to detect the A value of the four groups after cells were cultured for 24,48 and 72h.Flow cytometry and radioimmunoassay were respectively used to detect the cell cycle and ET-1 content at 48h time point.Results MTT assay demonstrated that A value of each group did not significantly differ at 24h time point.At 28h time point,A value of hypoxia group was markedly increased(P

0.05), respectively. Conclusion: IgA1 could bind to HUVEC directly, and the binding capacities of DesIgA1 and Des/DeGalIgA1 to HUVEC were significantly higher than that of normal IgA1. Serum IgA1, especially deglycosylated IgA1, might play some role in vascular lesions of IgAN.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of serum miR-21 and miR-34a in patients with advanced gastric cancer before and after Folfox chemotherapy and its relationship with chemotherapy efficacy.Methods Forty-five patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent Folfox chemotherapy were enrolled from May 2015 to October 2015.The levels of miR-21 and miR-34a were analyzed by Real-time PCR before and after chemotherapy.The relationship between miR-21 and miR-34a levels and chemotherapy efficacy was analyzed.The predictive values of miR-21 and miR-34a on the efficacy of chemotherapy were evaluated by the receiver operating curve(ROC).Results After chemotherapy,6 cases(13.33%)were relieved,10 cases(22.22%)were stable disease(SD),29 cases(64.44%)were disease progress(PD),the objective response rate(ORR)was 13.33%,the disease control rate(DCR)was 35.56%,the median survival time was 8.1 months.The level of miR-21 was down-regulated and up-regulation for miR-34a after chemotherapy.They were statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of miR-21 in the chemotherapy group was lower than that in the ineffective group,and the level of miR-34a was higher than that of the ineffective group(P<0.05).MiR-21 was negatively correlated with the efficacy of chemotherapy(rs=-0.431,P<0.05),while miR-34a was positively correlated with it(rs=0.504,P<0.05).The median survival time was 7.6 months for low-level patients with miR-21 and 6.0 months for high-level patients.The median survival time of miR-34a patients was 5.5 months,compared with 8.3 months for high-level patients,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The Log-Rank test showed that the median survival of patients with low miR-21 was higher than that of patients with high miR-21(P<0.05).The median survival of patients with high miR-34a was higher than that of patients with low miR-34a(P<0.05).The miR-21 combined with miR-34a in predicting chemotherapy efficacy under the curve(AUC)was 0.865,the sensitivity was 80.9% and the specificity was 89.8%.Conclusion miR-21 and miR-34a are correlated with chemotherapy efficacy median survival time of patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Objective To study the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF),thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and the mi- crovessel density (MVD) and their relationship in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Forty-six specimens of resected, paraffin embedded esophageal specious of squamous cell carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemical technique for the MVD and expression of bFGF and TSP-1.Results Of the 46 patients,the positive rate of bFGF and TSP-1 were 60.9% (28/46) and 37.0% (17/46),respectively.The mean value of MVD was (56.59?28.97)/mm~2.The depth of invasion had a significantly positive corre- lation with positive expression of bFGF and TSP-1.TNM stage had a significantly positive correlation with positive expression of TSP- 1.The value of MVD was closely associated with histological grade,lymph node metastasis and the expression of bFGF.Conclusion bFGF,TSP-1 and tumor microvessel play important roles in development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. bFGF is a important regulator of tumor angiogenesis.

Objective To detect altered levels and clinical significance of serum miR-216a and prognosis monitoring in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients.Methods Serum miR-216a levels were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay among 80 mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) patients,80 severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients and 74 healthy controls.And amylase (AMY),lipase (LPS),Ca2+,glucose (Glu),hematocrit (HCT),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured by biochemical analyzer.The clinical usefulness of miR-216a for AP patients was assessed by ROC curve analysis and correlation analysis.Results Compared with healthy controls (11.12 × 10-5 [5.83 × 10-5,19.12 × 10-5],the serum miR216a levels were significantly increased in AP patients(38.49 × 10-5 [24.05 × 10-5,62.02 × 10-5],(U =-9.10,P ＜ 0.01) . The serum miR-216a levels in MAP and SAP patients were (36.46 × 10-5 [22.29 × 10-5,55.80 × 10-5] vs 40.44 × 10-5 [25.84 × 10-5,65.48 × 10-5]),there was no significant difference between MAP and SAP patients (U =-0.96,P ＞ 0.05).The areas under ROC curve (AUCROC) of miR-216a for differential healthy controls and AP patients was 0.870 (95％ CI:0.825-0.915),cut-off value is 0.61.AUCROC of miR-216a for differential healthy controls and MAP patients was 0.865 (95％ CI:0.808-0.921),cut-off value is 0.59.And AUCROC of miR-216a for differential healthy controls and SAP patients was 0.876 (95％ CI:0.822-0.930),cut-off value is 0.66.Moreover,after the clinical improvement of the patients,the levels of serum miR-216a were significantly lowered from (41.88 × 10-5 [24.24 × 10-s,64.44 × 10-5]) to (20.58 × 10-5 [11.01 × 10-5,41.91 × 10-5]),the differences was significant(U =5.24,P ＜ 0.0l).Correlation analysis showed that miR-216a was positively correlated with CRP (r =0.215,P =0.006) in AP patients.Conclusion The levels of miR-216a in serum of AP patients were increased,which is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of AP.

Objective To discuss the effects of prophylactic chemotherapy on the outcomes and prognosis of invasive mole patients.Methods One hundred and fifteen invasive mole (IM) patients older than 40 years were registered in Peking Union Medical Collage Hospital.Eleven of them were treated with prophylactic chemotherapy before diagnosed as IM prophylactic chemotherapy group,while the other 104 cases received therapeutic chemotherapy after diagnosed as IM (non-prophylactic chemotherapy group).The general clinical data (including age,clinical stage,risk factor score),treatment,outcomes and relapse of patients were retrospectively compared between two groups.Results (1) The age of prophylactic chemotherapy group and non-prophylactic chemotherapy group were (47±5) versus (46±4) years old.Ratio of clinical stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ were 3/11 versus 29.8％ (31/104),clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were 8/11 versus 70.2％ (73/104).Ratio of risk factor score 0-6 were 11/11 versus 84.6％ (88/104),risk factor score ＞6 were 0 versus 15.4％(16/104).There were no significant statistical differences between two groups in age,clinical stage or risk factor score (all P＞0.05).(2) Treatment:the total chemotherapy courses between prophylactic chemotherapy group and non-prophylactic chemotherapy group (median 7 versus 5) were significantly different (Z=3.071,P=0.002).There were no significant statistical differences between two groups in the chemotherapy courses until negative conversion of β-hCG,consolidation chemotherapy courses,total therapeutic chemotherapy courses or ratio of hysterectomy (all P＞0.05).(3) Outcomes and relapse:between the prophylactic chemotherapy group and the non-prophylactic chemotherapy group,the complete remission rate were 11/11 versus 98.1％(102/104),the relapse rate were 0 versus 1.0％(1/102).There were no significant difference between the two groups in outcomes or relapse rate (P＞0.05).Conclusions Prophylactic chemotherapy does not substantially benefit the IM patients older than 40 years.Prophylactic chemotherapy may not significantly improve patients' prognosis,in which increased sample size is required in further study.

Objective To evaluate urinary nucleosides determination for the diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. Methods The concentrations of 14 different urinary nucleosides from 42 colorectal carcinoma patients, 10 patients with villous adenoma and 62 normal adults were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Principal component analysis was applied to classify colorectal cancer patients and normal adults. Results The levels of Pseu、 C、 m1A、 mU、 m22G、 I、 m1G、 ac4C、 m6A in colorectal carcinoma group were (42.67?21.89)、(0.44?0.51)、(2.72?0.83)、(0.13?0.08)、(1.79?0.55)、(0.50?0.36)、(1.44?0.52)、(0.82?0.30)、(0.07?0.08)nmol/(?mol creatinine) respectively, which were much higher than those in normal adults (P

Objective To evaluate the value of laparoscopic surgery in the diagnosis of suspected gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) cases with uterine mass.Methods The clinical characteristics of patients underwent laparoscopic surgery for a suspected diagnosis of GTN with uterine mass in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2009 to November 2014 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.GTN and other pregnant-related disease were definitely diagnosed by pathological findings.The prognoses of the GTN cases were also investigated.Results Sixty-two patients with a suspected diagnosis of GTN with uterine mass were studied.Among them,17 cases were definitely diagnosed as GTN,including 8 choriocarcinoma,5 invasive mole and 4 placental site trophoblastic tumor(PSTT).The other 45 cases were diagnosed as benign pregnancy-related diseases,including 29 cornual pregnancy,6 cesarean scar pregnancy,5 placenta accreta,4 intramural uterine pregnancy and 1 exaggerated placental site.There were no significantly differences between the two groups in average age,preoperative value or tendency of β-hCG,and location or size of lesions (P＞0.05).More GTN patients showed a history of hydatidiform mole [5/17 vs 4％ (2/45),P＞0.05],and more patients with benign pregnancy-related disease showed a history of cesarean section [38％ (17/45) vs 1/17,P＞0.05].No serious perioperative complication was found in these patients received laparoscopic surgery.All GTN patients achieved complete remission by chemotherapy later.Except for 1 case loss,no recurrence was found in 11 low-risk stage Ⅰ cases with an average follow-up period of 11-66 months,1 high-risk stage Ⅰ case with a follow-up period of 61 months and 4 cases PSTT with a follow-up period of 13-66 months.Conclusions There were some atypical GTN cases with uterine mass,which were difficult to be differentiated from benign pregnancy-related diseases according to the clinical characteristics.Laparoscopic surgery with a pathologic diagnosis could be an essential way with efficiency and safety.