High density lipoprotein(HDL) is an antiatherogenetic lipoprotein and low level of HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C) in plasma is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.Therefore,raising the level of HDL-C by pharmaceuticals,oestrogen replacement and biologic therapy for dyslipidemia exhibit great clinical significance.

BACKGROUND: Nasal alar cartilage constitutes the main component of the lower 1/3 of the nose, that is, nose tip, nose wing, and nasal columella, its structure has a decisive role on the nose shape, especially the tip of the nose shape. The intensive study on nasal alar cartilage will help deepen our understandings of nasal alar cartilage morphology, structure and function, and help clinicians to correctly handle the lesions of nose and the lower part and to carry out medical beauty. OBJECTIVE: By observing external nasal anatomy, to clarify the histological role of nasal alar cartilage on nose shape, especially the nasal tip shape.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Experimental observation of repeated measurement was conducted at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from September 1~(st) to 26~(th), 2006.MATERIALS: Well-preserved bodies of 15 fresh adult, containing 10 males and 5 females were used in this study.METHODS: To fully observe the fine structure of external nose, 30 sides of 15 external noses were dissected, and autopsy started from the medium dorsum of nose, layered anatomy, to observe various layers and the characteristics of the layers with blood vessels, focusing on observation of in vitro pre - and free post-nasal alar cartilage morphology, and measurement and recording were performed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Big foot medial alar cartilage, lateral feet and the angle of inside and outside legs were measured.RESULTS: Alar cartilage was open for a pair of backward "u"-shaped thin cartilage plate, and lateral nasal cartilage was located below and anteriomedialis the nose, was composed of medial and lateral crus and fornix, with thin body shape, unfixed structure. The shape of fornix was difficult to accurately describe; most presented wavy or folded. Lateral crus presented diamond-shaped or long strip, (16.21±2.71) mm in length, (8.45±1.72) mm in width, (1.09±0.18) mm in thickness. Cephalic rim intersected lower edge of lateral nasal cartilage, and slightly covered the lower edge of the lateral nasal cartilage, so that the two were overlapped, but also only the intersection without overlapping. Lateral crus constituted the base of nasal wings. Narrow medial crus formed nasal tip and the frame of front nasal columeila, showing posteroinferior curve or S shape, (13.06±2.16) mm in length, (3.79±0.58) mm in width, (1.02±0.18) mm in thickness. The left and right medial crus in the middle were connected by connective tissue, and in the same way connected to the anterior margin of the lateral nasal cartilage. Medial and lateral crus in the nasal tip showed an acute angle intersection, its angle (75.25±11.17)°. The medial and lateral crus intersected in the nasal tip and formed the fomix of the greater alar cartilage. The bilateral cornix constituted the frame of the nasal tip. CONCLUSION: Meager nasal alar cartilage is composed of the medial crus, lateral crus and fornix, which determined the nose shape, especially the nasal tip shape. External nose plastic surgery should pay attention to the protection of nasal alar cartilage.

Objective To evaluate the value of energy spectrum CT with multimodal quantitative parameters in diagnosis of the metastatic lymph nodes of gastric adenocarcinoma compared with the conventional CT.Methods 37 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed by gastroscopy underwent enhanced CT scan with gemstone spectral imaging mode.We positioned and marked the stomach lymph nodes on CT images and compared with postoperative pathologic results one to one.ROC was used to identify the critical quantitative index of energy spectrum CT in distinguishing the metastasis from benign lymph node,and to evaluate the diagnostic effect compared with CT features.Results The 40-80 keV single energy spectrum curve slope (λHU )and normalized iodine concentration (NIC)in metastasis group were lower than those in the benign one in the arterial phase with statistical differences (P <0.05 ),but without statistical differences in venous phase.The combination of arterialλHU and NIC showed significant advantages compared with CT features(P <0.01), with the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 84.3% vs 61.4 %,88.4% vs 81.3 % and 86.8% vs 73.6 %.Conclusion The energy spectrum CT can provide quantitative analysis for differential diagnosis of gastric cancer metastasis from benign lymph nodes,and significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of lymph node metastasis of the cancer.

Background Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury is a common pathologic change.Its mechanism has not been identified.Objective This study was to investigate the relationship of microRNA-181a (miR-181a) ,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and retinal ganglial cells (RGCs) in RIR injury.Methods RIR models were induced in 68 rats,then the rats were randomly divided into control group and RIR groups,including 0hour group,24-hour group and 72-hour group by random number table.Predicted target gene TNF-α was chosen,according to M iRanda,Targetscan and miRBase databases.Immunofluorescent labeling, Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to identify the expression levels of miR-181a,TNF-α and RGCs.Immunofluorescent labeling of RGCs in retinal flat mounts was analyzed for RGCs counts.Results Compared with the control group, RGCs densitiy was obviously decreased in 24-hour and 72-hour RIR groups (P＜0.001).The expression level of mir-181a significantly decreased with reperfusion time in the RIR groups (P＜0.05).Futhermore, the expression level of miR181a was positively correlated with RGCs numbers (r=0.995 ,P=0.005).TNF-α and miR-181a were mainly located in inner layers of retina.As opposed to the changes in RGCs numbers and miR-181a expression,TNF-α in 24-hour group was obviously higher than that of the 0-hour group, though there was no statistical significance in overall correlation analysis.Conclusions In RIR,miR-181a may be involved in regulating RGCs apoptosis.TNF-α may be a target gene of miR-181 a.Interventions within 24 hours after reperfusion might be critical.Further study of miR181 a may help to explore new molecular targets for neuroprotection treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the contents determination of psoralen,isopsoralen,psoralenoside and isop-soralenoside in Danzhi qing’e tablet. METHODS:HPLC performed on the column of Eclipse XDB-C18 with mobile phase of metha-nol-water(51∶49,V/V)(isocratic elution,for psoralen and isopsoralen)and acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid(12∶88,V/V)(isocratic elution,for psoralenoside and isopsoralenoside)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 246 nm,column tem-perature was 30℃,and injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 3.138-200.8 μg/ml for psoralen(r=0.999 9), 3.175-203.2μg/ml for isopsoralen(r=0.999 9),3.181-101.8μg/ml for psoralenoside(r=0.999 9)and 3.169-101.4μg/ml for isopso-ralenoside (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;limits of quantitation were 0.627 5 ng,0.635 0 ng,3.181 0 ng and 3.169 0 ng,the limits of detection were 0.251 0 ng,0.254 0 ng,1.273 0 ng and 1.268 0 ng;recoveries were 95.68%-102.80%(RSD=2.4%,n=6),95.91%-102.10%(RSD=2.3%,n=6),98.64%-99.13%(RSD=0.23%,n=6) and 100.20%-101.70%(RSD=0.69%,n=6),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate, and can be used for the simultaneous determination of psoralen,isopsoralen,psoralenoside and isopsoralenoside in Danzhi qing’e tablet.

Objective To investigate severe complications of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) applying for preventing pulmonary embo-lism after spinal cord injury. Methods From December 2014 to July 2015, 95 patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in our hospital were retrospected. Results Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) appeared in 23 cases, in which 15 cases placed IVCF. All patients accepted anti-coagulant therapy, except 10 cases with contraindication. 3 cases had severe complication, in which 2 cases had comprehensive DVT distal to IVCF, with both lower limbs severe swelling, acute renal inadequacy and hypertension;1 case had continuous hyperpyrexia. Conclusion Although the IVCF placement was widely used in acute SCI for preventing pulmonary embolism in patients with DVT, however, the selec-tion of IVCF and complication prevention should be taken into account.

Objective To analyze the changes of serum levels ofαII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs)in traumatic brain inj ury (TBI)patients,and further to investigate the clinical diagnosis value of SBDPs for patients with TBI,especially with mTBI.Methods The serum levels of SBDPs were examined in 43 severe TBI (sTBI)patients,43 mild TBI (mTBI)patients and 43 healthy controls using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The diagnostic usefulness of SBDPs for TBI patients were assessed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)curves analysis.Results There was no significant difference of SBDP145 among the three groups (F=1.340,P>0.05).Serum levels of SBDP120 in controls,mTBI and con-trols were 7.06±2.23,11.67±9.14 and 12.64±11.44 ng/ml,respectively.Compared with controls,serum levels of SB-DP120 were significantly higher in patients with sTBI (F=9.873,P=0.001)and mTBI (F=9.873,P=0.008),while there was no significant difference of SBDP120 between sTBI patients and mTBI patients (F=9.873,P=0.515>0.05). The area under ROC curve (AUC)of SBDP120 for TBI patients was 0.781 (95% CI:0.690~0.872,P<0.001).For mTBI patients,the area under ROC curve was 0.736 (95% CI:0.624~0.848,P<0.001).And for discriminating TBI patients with CT negative or positive,the area under ROC curve was 0.709 (95% CI:0.582~0.837,P=0.007<0.01).Conclusion The serum levels of SBDP120 were significantly increased in TBI patients,especially mTBI patients.And the serum levels of SBDP120 can be used as potential non-invasive biomarker for mTBI patients.

Postoperative hydrocephalus is one of the most common complications in resection of lateral ventricle trigone tumor, which can seriously affect the prognoses of patients. Possible influencing factors include tumor resection degrees, postoperative meningitis, intraoperative intraventricular hemorrhage, and cerebrospinal fluid drainage tube placement, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. In this paper, the influencing factors and possible mechanisms of hydrocephalus after lateral ventricle trigone tumor are reviewed as follows.

Objective To detect the modification levels of H2AKll9 ubiquitination (H2AK119ub) and H2BK120ub,and to analyze the relationship between the levels of H2AK119ub,H2BK120ub and arsenic exposure.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in typical areas of drinking water type of endemic arsenicosis in Shanxi and Jilin provinces.Totally 281 residents who had drank local water for more 10 years were enrolled in this study,these participants were divided into control group (water arsenic content ＜ 0.01 mg/L),low arsenic exposure group (water arsenic content ranged 0.01-0.05 mg/L),medium arsenic exposure group (water arsenic content ranged ＞ 0.05-0.10 mg/L) and high arsenic exposure group (water arsenic content ＞ 0.10 mg/L).Among them,including 60 subjects in control group (20 males and 40 females),61 subjects in low arsenic exposure group (27 males and 34 females),50 subjects in medium arsenic exposure group (17 males and 33 females),and 110 subjects in high arsenic exposure group (40 males and 70 females).Drinking water and urine samples were collected and the arsenic content was detected by the method of atomic fluorescence spectrometry.After extracting leukocytes histone from the peripheral venous blood that collected from the subjects,the levels of H2AK119ub and H2BK120ub were detected by dot blotting.The levels of water arsenic,urinary arsenic,water arsenic accumulative intake,H2AK119ub and H2BK120ub were expressed as medium and quartile [M (P25,P75)].Results Age,body mass index (BMI),gender,smoking and alcohol drinking between control group and water arsenic exposure groups had no statistical differences (x2 =3.780,3.572,1.938,4.937,6.025,all P ＞ 0.05).Compared the contents of water arsenic [0.005 (0.003,0.006),0.024 (0.017,0.037),0.076 (0.057,0.084),0.150 (0.124,0.185) mg/L],the contents of urinary arsenic [0.011 (0.006,0.017),0.018 (0.004,0.072),0.061 (0.032,0.124),0.134 (0.069,0.223) mg/L],the water arsenic accumulative intake [0.342 (0.248,0.477),1.641 (1.012,2.324),5.273 (3.690,7.036),7.716 (5.608,12.053) mg] among the control,low,medium and high arsenic exposure groups,the differences were statistically significant (Hc =256.041,88.615,218.610,all P ＜ 0.01).Compared the levels of H2AK119ub [1.231 (0.856,1.817),1.244 (0.792,1.884),1.376 (0.743,1.981),1.390 (0.906,2.045)],H2BK120ub [0.350 (0.186,0.589),0.363 (0.152,0.678),0.428 (0.134,0.788),0.276 (0.146,0.453)] in human peripheral blood leukocytes among control,low,medium and high arsenic exposuregroups,the differences were not statistically significant (Hc =2.130,4.330,all P ＞ 0.05).There were no correlations between H2AK119ub and water arsenic content,water arsenic accumulative intake (r =0.104,-0.008,all P ＞ 0.05);there was a positive correlation between H2AK119ub and urinary arsenic content (r =0.166,P ＜ 0.05).There were negative correlations between H2BK120ub and water arsenic content,water arsenic accumulative intake (r =-0.183,-0.159,all P ＜ 0.05);there was no correlation between H2BK120ub and urinary arsenic content (r =-0.101,P ＞ 0.05).There was a negative correlation between H2AK119ub and H2BK120ub (r =-0.127,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion External exposure to arsenic may change the levels of H2BK120ub in human peripheral blood leukocytes.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Sofre injection combined with isosorbide mononitrate in the treatment of refractory heart failure. Methods:Totally 66 cases of patients with refractory heart failure in our hospital were randomly di-vided into the observation group and the control group with 33 cases in each. Each patient received the conventional treatment. On the basis of routine treatment, the control group was treated with isosorbide mononitrate injection (25mg,qd,ivd). On the basis of control group, the observation group was treated with Sofre injection (10ml, qd, ivd). The treatment course was 14 days. Before and after the treatment, the improvement degree clinical symptoms, left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) , left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), cardiac index (CI), stroke volume (SV) and 6-min walking distance (6MWD) were observed, and the rate of heart fail-ure hospitalization, heart failure mortality and 6MWT changes were followed up for 6 months in the two groups. The adverse drug reac-tions ( ADR) in both groups during the treatment were recorded as well. Results:After the 2-week treatment, the effective rate and the total effective rate of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0. 05); LVEF, CI, SV and 6MWD of the two groups after the treatment were significantly higher than those before the treatment, and LVEDD significantly de-creased (P<0. 05), and the improvement of the observation group was more obvious than that of the control group (P<0. 05). After the 6-month follow-up, 6MWD was significantly longer in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0. 05), while there were no statistically significant differences in the hospitalization rate and the mortality rate between the groups (P>0. 05). There were no adverse reactions in both groups during the whole treatment. Conclusion:Sofre injection combined with isosorbide mononitrate can significantly improve cardiac function in the patients with refractory heart failure with improved clinical efficacy and good safety.