The ecological balance of intestinal microbiota plays an important role in digestion,absorp-tion,metabolism,immunity and protection against pathogens.Intestinal microbiota can not only regulate the innate immunity of the body,but also can stimulate the immune response by the bacteria itself and its metabo-lites.The imbalance intestinal microbiota may lead to abnormal immune mechanism,and then participate in the occurrence and development of the tumor,especially colorectal cancer.

The tumor microenvironment is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor. Hypoxia is considered to be one of the most important factors in tumor microenvironment.Formation of hypoxic microenvironment can be found in most of malignant tumors,which can inhibit the anti-tumor immune response. Recent studies have indicated that immunosuppressive cells,tumor stem cells and circulating tumor cells in hypoxic tumor microenvironment can mediate immune suppression and immune tolerance,and then promote development of tumor.The new immune therapy will focus on normalizing tumor vasculature,reconstructing the tumor microenvironment,avoiding immune suppression and averting tumor immune tolerance.

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the countermeasures and reasons of pouch related complications of permanency cardiac pacemaker implantation.Methods Clinical materials of 129 permanent cardiac pacemaker patients were retrospectively analyzed and reasons of pouch related complications were analyzed.Results 129 patients were implanted heart pacemakers.Pouch relat-ed complications occurred in 12 cases (9.3%),and pouch hematoma occurred in 5 cases (3.9%), pouch infection in 3 cases (2.3%)and pain of pouch area in 4 cases (7.1%).Most patients were able to find inducing factors and these factors were removed through strengthening the nursing edu-cation and proper communication.Conclusion Preoperative evaluation,strengthening intraopera-tive and postoperative nursing,health education and discharge guidance can reduce pouch related complications.

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the countermeasures and reasons of pouch related complications of permanency cardiac pacemaker implantation.Methods Clinical materials of 129 permanent cardiac pacemaker patients were retrospectively analyzed and reasons of pouch related complications were analyzed.Results 129 patients were implanted heart pacemakers.Pouch relat-ed complications occurred in 12 cases (9.3%),and pouch hematoma occurred in 5 cases (3.9%), pouch infection in 3 cases (2.3%)and pain of pouch area in 4 cases (7.1%).Most patients were able to find inducing factors and these factors were removed through strengthening the nursing edu-cation and proper communication.Conclusion Preoperative evaluation,strengthening intraopera-tive and postoperative nursing,health education and discharge guidance can reduce pouch related complications.

Objective:To establish an in vivo infection model of West Nile virus (WNV) pseudovirus and evaluate the neutralizing activity of antibody WNV-XH1.Methods:A stable cell line that can package the WNV pseudovirus was established in the early stage to prepare the pseudovirus supernatant. The supernatant was concentrated and infected BHK21 cells to detect the titer of the pseudovirus. After intraperitoneal injection of the pseudovirus into C57BL/J mice, bioluminescence imaging was performed to observe the infection status of the pseudovirus in the mice. After simultaneous infection, blood was collected and ELISA was used to detect NS1 levels in mouse serum. The in vivo functional activity of antibody WNV-XH1 was evaluated using the established mouse infection model.Results:Fluorescence was detected in C57BL/J mice infected with WNV pseudovirus, and the NS1 levels in the peripheral blood serum of mice infected with pseudovirus were significantly higher than those of non infected mice (1.453±0.09vs0.305±0.018). After intravenous administration of WNV-XH1 antibody before the attack, the fluorescence signal in the mice decreased and the serum NS1 level decreased (0.384±0.015).Conclusions:A successful in vivo infection model of WNV pseudovirus was established, and it was confirmed that the antibody WNV-XH1 had a protective effect against WNV pseudovirus infection in vivo.