This paper is maintenance of four kinds of failures of Carestream GC1.5 the workstation used several years to summarize, workstation software, change the host, burn, workstations transmission, and four kinds of failures of the specific case of itemized elimination steps are introduced.
Computers ; standards ; Maintenance ; Software

Objective To investigate the expression and clonality of TCR V? subfamily T cell in 11 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis before and after renal transplantation.Methods The CDR3 of TCR V? 24 subfamily genes were amplified in samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells which were drawn before hemodialysis and at 20th day post-operatively. To observe the usage of TCR V? repertoire, the RT-PCR products were further labeled with fluorescent and analyzed by genescan technique for CDR3 size.Results (1) One patient was attacked by acute cellular rejection (ACR) and one suffered from delayed graft function (DGF) diagnosed by renal transplant biopsy. (2) 1-10 TCR V? subfamilies T cells could be identified before transplantation, and most of TCR V? subfamily T cells expressed as polyclonality. The most frequent expression of TCR V? genes was V?3. (3) Only 1-5 TCR V? subfamilies T cells could be detected post-operatively, most of them expressed as oligoclonality. The TCR V?3 subfamilies still were the most frequently expressed (in 9 cases). (4) There were no TCR V? subfamilies T cells before pulse of methylprednisolone, and were 5 subfamilies during pulse of methylprednisolone expressed as oligoclonality or biclonality, 2 subfamilies after ACR expressed as polyclonality. In DGF patient, there were 4 TCR V? subfamilies during DGF, and 5 following DGF.Conclusion (1) The significantly skew distribution of TCR V? subfamily T cells could be found in all patients with chronic renal failure and chronic hemodialysis. (2) Furthermore, the skewing distributions of TCR V? genes came to more significant at 20th day post-transplantation than before. (3) ACR might be closely associated with some special clones of TCR V? subfamily T cells, which subsided immediately after ACR. (4) The expression as polyclonality after ACR and DGF may indicate that the immune function partially was inclined to normalization even though immunosuppressed.

Macrovascular complications are the main death or disabling causes of diabetic patients.In recent years,the results of a number of clinical trials aimed at preventing diabetic macrovascular complications have been unveiled.Comprehensive and systemic analysis of these results may give great enlightenment to the clinicans,as well as promote the work in preventing diabetic macroangiopathy in China.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has been improving the industrial process from uniform pipeline production procedure in manufacture into individualized production with distributed network. 3D printing technique also provokes these changes in the field of medicine, especially in orthopedics, stomatology and radiology. The role of 3D printing technique has been increasingly highlighted in tumor radiotherapy. Current studies and application mainly focus on personalized tissue compensato (bolus), brachytherapy (high-dose post-loading and particle implantation therapy), 3D printing personalized phantom and individualized fixtures, etc. In this article, research progresses on the application of 3D printing technique in radiotherapy at home and abroad were reviewed.

Objective Sex difference of the length ratios of metacarpals and metatarsals in Macaca mulatta from the Taihang mountains was studied in our laboratory. Methods The lengths of 27 metacarpals (10 males, 17 females) and 30 metatarsals(12 males, 18 females) were measured from the skeletons of 30 adult Macaca mulatta. Length ratios were constructed for all possible pairings of the five bones in each individual hand and foot. One-Way ANOVA adopting SPSS13.0 for windows was used to study the sex differences of length ratios of metacarpals and metatarsals. Results For Macaca mulatta, several of these lengths ratios exhibited substantial differences between the sexes. The metacarpal(Mc) length ratios showing the largest sex differences were 2Mc∶5Mc and 4Mc∶5Mc in both hands (P<0.01), and the metatarsal(Mt) length ratios showing the largest sex difference was 1Mt:3Mt in both feet (P<0.05). Conclusion The sex differences of metacarpals and metatarsals remained when specimens of similar size were compared. It showed that body size was not the basis for these sex differences. Various facts suggested that the sex difference of length ratios in primate metapodials was associated with sex hormones exposure, possibly during prenatal development.

Objective To investigate the influence of BK virus (BKV) activation in renal transplant recipients on the renal allograft function.Method Recipients receiving renal transplantation during 2010.3-2011.4 were sdected as objectives,the urine and peripheral blood samples of them were taken and real-time PCR assays were performed to detect BKV DNA at 0.5,1,3,6,9,and 12 months post-transplantation.Results Among 88 recipients,BKV viruria occurred in 27 (30.68％) patients,and sustained viruria occurred in 17 patients.37.0％ (10/27) of patients with BKV viruria developed inot BKV viremia,and sustained viremia occurred in 5 patients.The viral load in plasma was higher in patients with sustained viremia than in those with transient viremia (P＜0.05),and serum creatinine concentrations were higher when BK viremia occurred (P＜0.05).Conclusion Graft function was impaired among patients with BK viremia,and regularly monitoring BK virus in renal transplant recipients and clinical imervention based on plasma PCR results can prevent transplant kidney damage effectively.

Objective To compare the applied value of BK virus DNA load detection in urine and plasma for diagnosis BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) in renal transplantation recipients.Method In 88 renal transplantation recipients receiving renal allograft from February 2011 to January 2012 in our institute,BK virus DNA load in urine and plasma was detected by using real-time PCR,and renal biopsy was performed on the recipients with gradual deterioration of the graft function or the loads of BKV replication being very high.The diagnosis of BKVN was confirmed by using immunohistochemistry.Results Of 88 recipients,there were 35 cases (39.8％) of viruria,18 cases (20.5％) of viremia and 5 cases (5.7％) of BKVN.The median BKV DNA load in both urine and plasma in BKVN recipients was significantly higher than in non-BKVN recipients (P＜0.05).The viruria sensitivity and specificity for BKVN were 100％ and 57.3％ (P =0.03),and the viremia sensitivity and specificity for BKVN was 100％ and 82.9％ (P =0.0002),respectively.We regraded viral load ≧ 105 copies/mL in plasma or ≥107 copies/mL in urine as the best discriminant cut-off value to predict the disease and to identify patients at risk of developing BKVAN.The positive cut-off value of urine's positive predictive value (PPV+) was 26.3％ and negative predictive vaule (PPV-) was 95.7％,and the positive cut-off value of plasma's positive predictive value (PPV +) was 83.3％ and negative predictive vaule (PPV-) was 98.8％.Conclusion The viral load ≥105 copies/mL in plasma can be used as the best discriminant cut-off value to predict the disease and to identify patients at risk of developing BKVAN,but the cut-off value of urine should be only used for screening BKV infection.

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system (CNS) myelin is made up of 70% lipids and 30% proteins with human brain myelin basic protein (hMBP) constituting 1/3 of the proteins. MBP is a family of proteinswith four isoforms only in human brain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of MBP and its immunological function. DESIGN: Single sample study. SETTING: Department of Biochemistry and Molecule Biology, Huaxi College of Priclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University. MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at Department of Bio chemistry and Molecule Biology, Huaxi College of Priclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University from August 2003 to March 2004. Relative molecular weight was 215000 hMBP cDNA clone pGEMP,prokaryotic expression recombinant vector pGEX-5T, T4 DNA Ligase,calf intestine alkaline phosphates, X-gal, IPTG, 123 Ladder (BRL), nitrocellu lose ,4-chloro-1-Naphthol;MBP and Anti- MBP ELISA kit. INTERVENTIONS: ①hBMP gene cDNA clone segment was digested with EcoR1 and BamH1; ②Construction and transformation of the recombinant expression vector p5TMP; ③ The growth and induced expression of the recombinant expression vector transformed bacteria; ④ Preparation of the antibody of recombinant hMBP. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Detection and identification of the expressed protein product; ② Detection and identification of hMBP anti body. RESULTS: ① Screening and identification of recombinant MBP: The 4 999 bp pGEX-5T DNA and 557 bp MBP inserted fragment were obtained, indicating that the white colonies contained recombinant expression plasmid of exogenous DNA; ② A dense band disappeared from the control plasmid while a new special polypeptide band with apparent molecular weight 42 000 was detected in recombinant cell lysate; ③After 5 subcutaneous injections, antibody was obtained at 1:16 titer. The specificity of the antibody to MBP was confirmed.CONCLUSION: Compared with the original expression vector, the new constructed expression vector containing 215 000 MBP exons Ⅰ-Ⅶ coding sequence was not only without the coding area defects of 34 bp in 5' sequence but also expressed more highly in prokaryote obviously. In addition, the recombinant MBP antibody prepared successfully.

Objective To observe the effects of different dosages of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on generating the routine bone marrow dendritic cells, and supply suitable dosage of GM-CSF on preparation of dendritic cell vaccines used for different purpose. Methods Using low (5 ng/ml) and conventional (20 ng/ml) and high dosage( 50 ng/ml ) of GM-CSF combined interleukin-4 ( IL-4 ) to induce murine bone marrow dendritic cells were performed, The phenotypes (CD_(11c), CD_(80), CD_(86)) and functional properties of the DC were compared by FACS analysis and MLR. Results The DC induced by low dosage of GM-CSF were immature DC, expressing low CD_(11c), CD_(80), and CD_(86). DC induced by conventional dosage were functional mature, expressing higher CD_(11c), CD_(80), CD_(86), which could induce allogeneic T lymphocyte responses. DC induced by the high dosage GM-CSF were the most phetotypicaUy and functional mature cells, expressing the highest CD_(11c), CD_(80) CD_(86), which could induce the strongest allogeneic T lymphocyte responses. Conclusion The dosages of GM-CSF affect the maturation stage of dendritic cells. Low dosage of GM-CSF generated immature dendritic cells, but conventional dosage and high dosage generated mature dendritic cells. DC generated through high dosage of GM-CSF were the most mature in phenotype and function.

Objective Recurrence of local segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 2 patients with renal allograft was reported.Methods A male child aged 15 years and a male adult aged 25 years with primary FSGS, who were subjected to cadaveric kidney transplantation, had a recurrent nephritic syndrome showing massive proteinuria, hyperlipidemia and hypertension respectively in 2 weeks and 18 months postoperatively, that was suspected a recurrent FSGS. The child immediately was treated with Benazepril hydrochloride, 30?mg /day plus high dosage of Prednisolone ( 1?mg /kg every day) for 6 weeks, but proteinuria did not to be ameliorated. The adult was treated with high dosage of Prednisolone ( 1?mg /kg every) and Tripterygium wifordii for 12 weeks, but the syndrome was not improved. Results Two patients had recurrent FSGS according to renal biopsy revealing characterized by similar features: diffuse effacement of foot processes on electron microscope, segmental or focal sclerosis under light microscope and IgM, IgG, C3 deposits. The therapy of plasmapheresis as well as high dosage of Benazepril hydrochloride was added to institute respectively for continuous 3 sessions with removal of 1.5 volume plasma ( 1 200?ml of plasma) in the child and successive 6 sessions with removal of same volume ( 3 000?ml of plasma). The child's proteinuria had a significant reduction from 8.29?g /day to 4.52?g /day after a week post pheresis, that kept 4.52 ～ 5.56 ?g/day with stable creatitine (180～200??mol/L) following 18 months. The adult's proteinaria obvious decreased from 4.68?g /day to 1.50?g /day after plasma exchange a week and keeping decline to 1.06?g /day with normal renal function following 12 months. Conclusion FSGS may immediately be recurrence in pediatric renal transplants. The mechanism of recurrent FSGS may be associated with excessive glomerular filtration, circulating factor altering glomerular permeability, injection of anti thymocyte and lymphocyte immunoglobulin, and hyperlipidemia. Plasmapheresis in combined with ACE inhibitor can reduce proteinuria significantly rather than a single ACE inhibitor.