BACKGROUND:To evaluate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation in order to analyze coping style, thus perform the corresponding personalized clinical psychological intervention which is conductive for patients to face reality and disease. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation and to analyze the effect of different social factors on the coping style of patients and to explore the corresponding clinical mental intervention method METHODS:Fifty-eight patients waiting for renal transplantation and 60 patients without renal transplantation were randomly selected from Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA between February 2009 and August 2010, the patients were required to fil in a psychological questionnaire form using the currently general used medical response. The effect of social factors on the coping style and psychological stress status was analyzed with multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:From the questionnaire survey, the evasive and yielding value scores of the patients waiting for renal transplantation were significantly higher than those of the patients without renal transplantation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference of confrontation score between the patients (P>0.05). It indicated that the psychological pressure of the patients waiting for renal transplantation was bigger that of the patients with out renal transplantation, which may related with course of the disease, cost and the rejection after transplantation for the patients has to endured. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, education, income, payment methods and age of the patients were al related with the confrontation, evasive and yielding scores, as those with technical secondary school education or better got the best confrontation score while those with annual income less than 60 000 yuan got the highest score in evasive and yielding styles. The results show that income and education level of patients are the main factors that affect the coping style and psychological stress status of the patients waiting for renal transplantation, treating the patients with reasonable renal clinical care interventions can help the patients face to the disease positively and can reduce the damage of transplantation to the psychology of the patients.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Glytan lowering portal pressure induced by biliary liver fibrosis. Methods: SD male rats, 240-260g weight around, were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, propranolol group, Glytan high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose group according to the weight. Portal hypertension was induced by common bile duct ligation in rats. After two and four weeks, measured the portal pressure(PP) of each group, observed the histological changes of liver by HE staining, tested liver function and the concentration of endothelin-1 in systemic circulation and mesenteric circulation radioimmnuoassay. Results: After two and four weeks, portal pressure of model group rats increased significantly. Both Glytan and propranolol can decrease PP after two and four weeks, and the pressure-relief effect was similar between the two drugs. HE staining showed that Glytan can significantly inhibit the formation of collagen, promote the recovery of liver tissue structure; liver function indicated a significant decrease in serum AST, ALT, TBIL and Na+ concentration. In addition, Glytan decreased the concentration of endothelin -1 in systemic circulation, increased it in mesenteric circulation after two weeks. Conclusion: Glytan decrease PP by improving liver function and microcirculation, inhibiting collagen formation and water-sodium retention after long-term therapy, ameliorating hyperdynamic circulation at the early stage.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the volatile components in Descurainia sophia and Lepidium apetalum and compare its dif-ferences. METHODS:HS-SPME was conducted for extracting volatile components in D. sophia and L. apetalum,GC-MS was used for detecting components,and area normalization method was adopted for calculating relative content of each component. RE-SULTS:The volatile components in D. sophia and L. apetalum were 25 and 18,accounting for 75.76% and 64.29% of total vola-tile components,respectively,and chemical components with the highest contents were β-caryophyllene and O-tolunitrile. CON-CLUSIONS:The method is simple,reliable,and can be used for the analysis of volatile components in D. sophia and L. apetalum. The volatile components show great differences in the kinds and contents,the study can provide basis for rapid identification of D. sophia and L. apetalum.

Objective To investigate the influence of BK virus (BKV) activation in renal transplant recipients on the renal allograft function.Method Recipients receiving renal transplantation during 2010.3-2011.4 were sdected as objectives,the urine and peripheral blood samples of them were taken and real-time PCR assays were performed to detect BKV DNA at 0.5,1,3,6,9,and 12 months post-transplantation.Results Among 88 recipients,BKV viruria occurred in 27 (30.68％) patients,and sustained viruria occurred in 17 patients.37.0％ (10/27) of patients with BKV viruria developed inot BKV viremia,and sustained viremia occurred in 5 patients.The viral load in plasma was higher in patients with sustained viremia than in those with transient viremia (P＜0.05),and serum creatinine concentrations were higher when BK viremia occurred (P＜0.05).Conclusion Graft function was impaired among patients with BK viremia,and regularly monitoring BK virus in renal transplant recipients and clinical imervention based on plasma PCR results can prevent transplant kidney damage effectively.

Background Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is an effective treatment for AIDS,but it cannot completely eliminate the viral load in the body for the existence of HIV reservoir.Previous studies demonstrated that HIV could be detected in tears of virus load negative AIDS patients who received effective HAART,suggesting that lacrimal gland is another member of HIV reservoirs.Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether lacrimal gland has a molecular basis of HIV infection and the mechanism of lacrimal gland infection of HIV.Methods Fourteen specimens of lacrimal gland were collected during the surgery from 14 patients with lacrimal gland diseases in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2013 to December 2015,including 13 non-HIV-infected patients and 1 HIV-infected patient.In 13 non-HIV infected patients,lacrimal glands prolapse was in 12 patients with the normal pathological tissue structure and dacryoadenitis was in 1 patient with the histopathological diagnosis of interstitial lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.The clinical manifestation of HIV-infected patient was dacryoadenitis with the histopathological diagnosis of interstitial lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.The paraffin sections of 12 non-HIV-infected specimens and 1 HIV-infected specimen were prepared,and the expressions of CD4,C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) in lacrimal gland specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry and verified in 1 specimen of non-HIV-infected specimen by immunofluorescence technology.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that CD4 was suspiciously positive expression in non-HIV-infected specimens with the strong background staining.CXCR4 was positively expressed in cytoplasm and nuclei of most lacrimal epithelial cells of lacrimal gland epithelial cells in each specimen,and CCR5 was focally expressed in few lacrimal gland epithelial cells in each specimen.In addition,CD4,CXCR4 and CCR5 were positively expressed in intercellular scattered lymphocytes on the specimens.Immunofluorescence assay showed that CD4,CXCR4 and CCR5 were expressed in the specimens with the red fluorescence,with the linear-and patchy-like distribution mainly in cellular membrane for CD4 or spot-like distribution for CXCR4 and CCR5 in the cytoplasm.Conclusions HIV receptor CD4 and accessory receptor CXCR4,CCR5 are positively expressed in the lacrimal gland epithelial cells,which is the molecular basis of HIV infection and become a potential HIV reservoir preventing HIV eradication.

Objective To investigate the impact of tube current and tube voltage on CT attenuation,the correlation between CT attenuation and iodine concentration,as well as the percentage of reducing dosage for contrast agent while reducing the tube voltage.Methods A total of 100 saline solutions with decreasing dilution of contrast medium,in which concentration was between 0.5 to 50.0 mg/ml with the interval of 0.5 mg/ml,was produced.Each of the 25 syringes with a 4 ml sample was fixed on a cylindrical CT calibrated water phantom with an equal distance used the tape.CT scans were performed with a total of 15 scanning methods of the combination of the different tube voltages (70,80,100,140 kV) and tube current (100,200,280 mA).All of the CT attenuations were measured and recorded.The differences of CT attenuations under different scanning tube currents and tube voltages were compared with one-way ANOVA.The Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CT attenuation and iodine concentration,and linear correlation equations were calculated and shown by regression analysis.According to the equations,the changes of contrast medium dosage were calculated with the changes of tube voltage.Results There was no significant difference in CT attenuations on different tube currents when the tube voltage was fixed (all P＞0.05),while when the tube current was fixed,the difference of CT attenuations on different tube voltages was statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Under different scanning conditions,the CT attenuations was linearly related to the iodine concentration (r2 was 0.953 to 0.997,all P＜0.01).While the tube voltage was reduced from 140 kV to 120 kV,100 kV,80 kV,70 kV,respectively,the iodine concentration of the samples were reduced by 15.4％,33.7％,53.4％,64.7％ respectively.While the voltage was reduced from 120 kV to 100 kV,80 kV,70 kV,respectively,the iodine concentration were rednced by 21.6％,44.9％,58.2％,respectively.While the voltage was reduced from 100 kV to 80 kV and 70 kV,the iodine concentration was reduced by 29.7％ and 46.7％,respectively.While the voltage was reduced from 80 kV to 70 kV,the iodine concentration was reduced by 24.1％.Conclusion CT attenuation can keep constant in low tube voltage setting by reducing the dosage of contrast agent,which can achieve a low radiation dose and low contrast agent dosage.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of sharp kernel reconstructed images for calcified plaque coronary artery stenosis with a dual-source CT.Methods 42 patients with suspected coronary disease underwent dual-source coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and coronary angiography (CAG).The CCTA images were respectively reconstructed by smooth kernel (I26f) and sharp kernel (I46f) reconstruction.The image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured,and then the calcified plaque noise of two groups reconstructed image was scored subjectively.A total of 56 vascular stenoses that caused by calcification were taken as the research object,according to the results of CAG as a golden standard.The ROC curves of two groups were drawn with moderate stenosis (more than or equal to 50%) and severe stenosis (more than or equal to 75%), and the corresponding sensitivity, specificity, and optimal threshold were obtained.Results The images of I46f group had higher noise [I46f:(45.43±9.00) HU;I26f:(31.43±5.55) HU;t=-8.58,P=0.000],lower SNR [I46f:(10.26±2.09) HU;I26f:(14.86±3.53) HU;t=7.28,P=0.000] and lower CNR[I46f:(14.04±4.51) HU;I26f:(20.80±7.18) HU;t=5.17,P=0.000],but the subjective scoring of calcified plaque of I46f group was better than that of I26f group(I46f:2.33±0.75;I26f:1.64±0.70,Z=-4.61,P=0.000).The ROC curves of two groups: with moderate stenosis(≥50%),area under the I46f curve(0.946) was larger than that of I26f group (0.935);to diagnose with the reconstructed image of group I46f,the optimal threshold was 55%,the specificity was 95.0%,and sensitivity was 88.9%;and for I26f group,the optimal threshold was 65%, the specificity was 90%, and sensitivity was 88.9%.With severe stenosis(≥75%), area under the I46f curve (0.927) was slightly larger than that of I26f group (0.924);to diagnose with the reconstructed image of group I46f,the optimal threshold was 77.5%,the specificity was 79.1%,and sensitivity was 92.3%;for I26f group, the optimal threshold was 85%, the specificity was 74.4%,and the sensitivity was 100%.Conclusion The I46f reconstruction image of dual-source CT has more advantageous than the I26f reconstruction image,and it is a better way to diagnosethe calcified coronary stenosis.

Objective:To study the mental health of old people who live in endowment institutions in Shandong Province and its influencing factors. Methods: A sample of 2200 old people over 60 years old was selected with the stratified random sampling method. They were investigated using the self-designed questionnaires, symptom checklist (SCL-90), and Social Support Rating Scale. A total of 2013 questionnaires were recovered effectively (91. 5%), and 271 questionnaires were analyzed in this study. Results:41. 7% of old people in endowment insti-tutions in Shandong Province is positive in SCL -90 . Multivariate analysis showed that self -care ability ( P =0 . 045 ) and type of chronic disease ( P=0 . 025 ) associated with mental health problems of old people in Shandong Province. Conclusion:The mental health status of old people in endowment institutions in Shandong Province was not optimistic and its influencing factors included self-care ability and the type of chronic disease. It should take measures to promote successful aging in Shandong Province.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of indomethacin on the migration of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in vitro and investigate the mechanism involved.MethodsThe migration of MCF-7 cell line stimulated with or without indomethacin were tested using transwell plates consisting upper and lower chambers separated by Millipore polycarbonate membrance filters with 8 μm pore sizes; the levels of chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4),cyclooxygenase(COX-2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression in MCF-7 cell line were detected by flow cytometry,Real-time PCR and ELISA,respectively.Results Indomethacin decreased the migration ability of MCF-7 cell line significandy.CXCR4 membrane expression was significantly reduced in a time-dose dependent manner,and CXCR4,COX-2 and EGFR mRNA levels were significantly downregulated after indomethacin stimulation.However,exposure to indometahcin had no major effect on VEGF production of cells.ConclusionThe downregulation of CXCR4,COX-2 and EGFR expression might be the primary mechanism involved in the inhibitory effect of indomethacin on the migration of MCF-7 cell line.

Objective:To optimize the forming process of Luomai granules. Methods: With the qualified granule yield and the moisture absorption as the indicators, the excipients were screened, and through the study of granulation effect, the proportion of excip-ients was optimized. With the normalized value of qualified granule yield, solubility, hygroscopicity and sensory evaluation as the eval-uation indices, and excipients times, ethanol concentration and amount of citric acid as the main influencing factors with five levels for each, the forming process of Luomai granules was optimized by central combination design-response surface methodology. Results:The option formula for Luomai granules was the follows:the excipients amount was 5-fold of the extract, 85% ethanol was used as the wet-ting agent, and citric acid content was 0. 3%. Conclusion:Optimized by the central combination design-response surface method, Lu-omai granules has such advantages as high qualified yield, low hygroscopicity, good solubility, soft taste and appropriate dosage, sug-gesting the optimized preparation process of Luomai granules is reasonable and feasible.