Diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) is an efficient and noninvasive tool to investigate the characteristics and functions of white matter fiber tracts,and it can be used to study the relationship between the structure and function in the nervous system,the plasticity and damage repair of visual development,abnormalities of the white matters that relate to the visual pathways.Recently,the quantification of white matter fiber tracts from the lateral geniculate bodies to the occipital lobe visual cortex using DTI offers morphological information for the function and structure of the white matters during visual development.Some studies attempt to compare the DTI outcomes and tractography between amblyopic children and normal children so as to better display the variations of optic radiation in children with amblyopia,and to evaluate the relationship between structure and function of the white matters.DTI becomes an important supplementary research approach in these fields.This paper reviews the application of DTI in visual development and amblyopic eyes.

Objective To investigate the expression of AR and its relationship with clinicopathological features in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(Her-2) enrich breast cancer. Mehtods The expression of AR was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 102 patients with Her-2 enrich breast cancer. The relationship between AR expression and its clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Results The positive rate of AR expression was 75.5%. Patients in the positive group had a lower level of lymph nodes and Ki-67 value (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences of AR expression were observed in age, menopausal status, tumor size, histological grade, vessel invasion, P53 and PCNA (P > 0.05). Conclusion AR was highly expressed in Her-2 enrich breast cancer, which may be a potential target for treatment of Her-2 enrich breast cancer.

Objective: To determine the therapeutic effect of regular urethral dilatation on patients with postoperative urethral stricture. Methods: A total of 142 patients underwent urethral stricture. The unimproved patients after the surgery were divided into a reoperation group and a regular urethral dilatation group. All the patients were followed up for 1-3 months, and the curative effect was compared. Results: Of the 142 patients, 42 had no improvement and 27 of them had reoperation, and symptoms in 21 were improved. Another 15 patients received regular urethral dilatation, and 5 improved. hTere was signiifcant difference between the 2 groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: Regular urethral dilatation has some effect on postoperative patients, but no obvious effect on patients with dissatisifed operation for urethral stricture or restenosis.

Objective To investigate the effects and regulating mechanisms of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) gene silencing on aquaporin 4(AQP4) expression in astrocytes induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation.Methods Cerebral cortical astrocytes from 2 days newborn SD rats were undergone the primary culture.The ischemic cell model was established by oxygen-glucose deprivation.This experiment were divided into control group,negative control group and MMP-9 gene silencing group.The leakage rate of lactated dehydrogenase (LDH)was detected by chromatoptometry.The MMP-9 gene silencing was carried out by Lentivirus transfection.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of AQP4 and MMP-9.The expressions of PKA,PKC,PKG and CaMK Ⅱ were determined by Western blot.Results Compared with control group,LDH leakage rate was significantly higher in astrocytes induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation(t=13.35,P＜0.01).The expression of MMP-9 mRNA in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group(0.412±0.297) decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group(1.118 ± 0.240) (t =-4.964,P＜ 0.05).The expression of AQP4 mRNA in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group(1.002±0.082) decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group(1.442±0.066) (t=-9.886,P＜0.01).The expression of AQP4 protein in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group(0.643±0.036)decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group(1.000± 0.069)(t=-11.073,P＜0.01).The expression of PKC protein in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group (0.198±0.110)decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group (0.980± 0.232) (t =-7.218,P＜0.01).The expressions of PKA(t=0.875),PKG(t=0.818) and CaMK Ⅱ (t=0.933) protein had no statistically significant difference between negative control group and MMP-9 gene silencing group(all P＞0.05).Conclusion The permeability of astrocytes is increased by oxygen-glucose deprivation.Gene silencing MMP-9 could induce expression of AQP4 mRNA and protein decreased,and MMP-9 may regulate AQP4 expression by regulating PKC activity.

Objective To explore the risk factors of poststroke infection after cerebral infarction. Methods We consecutively included 283 patients with acute ischemic infarcts confirmed by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) within 72 hours from Guangxi stroke center. Based on infection status, patients were divided into Not infection group(n=198) and infection group (n=85). The serum cortisol and plasma IL-4 were assessed using chemiluminescent system and double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay at admission and seventh day later,respectively. Results Compare to no infection group, smoking, mechanical ventilation, diabetes mellitus, dysphagia, COPD,level of consciousness, cortisol and IL-4 at admission, NIHSS, middle area and large area infarction, large atherosclerosis and cardiogenic infarction, left side,both side and subtentorial infarction are more liable to infection(P<0.05);After a Single-factor and Multivariate analysis,we found that cortisol(OR 3.26)and IL-4(OR 2.83)at admission,large area infarction(OR 2.67),left side(OR 3.78)and subtentorial infarction(OR 3.12)were significant correlated with infection, suggesting that they might be the independent risk factors for infection after cerebral infarction. Conclusion Immunological factors and different regional cerebral infarction may increase susceptibility to infection after stroke.

Objective: To investigate the potential association among preoperative breast MRI features, axillary nodal burden (ANB), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 297 patients with early-stage breast cancer (cT1-2N0M0) who underwent preoperative MRI between December 2016 and December 2018. Based on the number of positive axillary lymph nodes (LNs) determined by postoperative pathology, the patients were divided into high nodal burden (HNB; ≥3 positive LNs) and non-HNB (<3 positive LNs) groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with ANB. Predictive efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC). Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to determine preoperative features associated with DFS. Results: We included 47 and 250 patients in the HNB and non-HNB groups, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.905, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.685– 9.051, P= 0.001) and peritumoral edema (adjusted OR = 3.734, 95% CI: 1.644–8.479, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for HNB. Combined peritumoral edema and multifocality/multicentricity achieved an AUC of 0.760 (95% CI: 0.707– 0.807) for predicting HNB, with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.0% and 63.2%, respectively. During the median follow-up period of 45 months (range, 5–61 months), 26 cases (8.75%) of breast cancer recurrence were observed. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that younger age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.166, 95% CI: 1.200–8.352, P= 0.021), larger tumor size (adjusted HR = 4.370, 95% CI: 1.671–11.428, P= 0.002), and multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted HR = 5.059, 95% CI: 2.166–11.818, P< 0.001) were independently associated with DFS. Conclusion Preoperative breast MRI features may be associated with ANB and DFS in patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Objective: To investigate the potential association among preoperative breast MRI features, axillary nodal burden (ANB), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 297 patients with early-stage breast cancer (cT1-2N0M0) who underwent preoperative MRI between December 2016 and December 2018. Based on the number of positive axillary lymph nodes (LNs) determined by postoperative pathology, the patients were divided into high nodal burden (HNB; ≥3 positive LNs) and non-HNB (<3 positive LNs) groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with ANB. Predictive efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC). Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to determine preoperative features associated with DFS. Results: We included 47 and 250 patients in the HNB and non-HNB groups, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.905, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.685– 9.051, P= 0.001) and peritumoral edema (adjusted OR = 3.734, 95% CI: 1.644–8.479, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for HNB. Combined peritumoral edema and multifocality/multicentricity achieved an AUC of 0.760 (95% CI: 0.707– 0.807) for predicting HNB, with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.0% and 63.2%, respectively. During the median follow-up period of 45 months (range, 5–61 months), 26 cases (8.75%) of breast cancer recurrence were observed. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that younger age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.166, 95% CI: 1.200–8.352, P= 0.021), larger tumor size (adjusted HR = 4.370, 95% CI: 1.671–11.428, P= 0.002), and multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted HR = 5.059, 95% CI: 2.166–11.818, P< 0.001) were independently associated with DFS. Conclusion Preoperative breast MRI features may be associated with ANB and DFS in patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Objective: To investigate the potential association among preoperative breast MRI features, axillary nodal burden (ANB), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 297 patients with early-stage breast cancer (cT1-2N0M0) who underwent preoperative MRI between December 2016 and December 2018. Based on the number of positive axillary lymph nodes (LNs) determined by postoperative pathology, the patients were divided into high nodal burden (HNB; ≥3 positive LNs) and non-HNB (<3 positive LNs) groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with ANB. Predictive efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC). Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to determine preoperative features associated with DFS. Results: We included 47 and 250 patients in the HNB and non-HNB groups, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.905, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.685– 9.051, P= 0.001) and peritumoral edema (adjusted OR = 3.734, 95% CI: 1.644–8.479, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for HNB. Combined peritumoral edema and multifocality/multicentricity achieved an AUC of 0.760 (95% CI: 0.707– 0.807) for predicting HNB, with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.0% and 63.2%, respectively. During the median follow-up period of 45 months (range, 5–61 months), 26 cases (8.75%) of breast cancer recurrence were observed. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that younger age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.166, 95% CI: 1.200–8.352, P= 0.021), larger tumor size (adjusted HR = 4.370, 95% CI: 1.671–11.428, P= 0.002), and multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted HR = 5.059, 95% CI: 2.166–11.818, P< 0.001) were independently associated with DFS. Conclusion Preoperative breast MRI features may be associated with ANB and DFS in patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Objective: To investigate the potential association among preoperative breast MRI features, axillary nodal burden (ANB), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 297 patients with early-stage breast cancer (cT1-2N0M0) who underwent preoperative MRI between December 2016 and December 2018. Based on the number of positive axillary lymph nodes (LNs) determined by postoperative pathology, the patients were divided into high nodal burden (HNB; ≥3 positive LNs) and non-HNB (<3 positive LNs) groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with ANB. Predictive efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC). Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to determine preoperative features associated with DFS. Results: We included 47 and 250 patients in the HNB and non-HNB groups, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.905, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.685– 9.051, P= 0.001) and peritumoral edema (adjusted OR = 3.734, 95% CI: 1.644–8.479, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for HNB. Combined peritumoral edema and multifocality/multicentricity achieved an AUC of 0.760 (95% CI: 0.707– 0.807) for predicting HNB, with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.0% and 63.2%, respectively. During the median follow-up period of 45 months (range, 5–61 months), 26 cases (8.75%) of breast cancer recurrence were observed. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that younger age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.166, 95% CI: 1.200–8.352, P= 0.021), larger tumor size (adjusted HR = 4.370, 95% CI: 1.671–11.428, P= 0.002), and multifocality/multicentricity (adjusted HR = 5.059, 95% CI: 2.166–11.818, P< 0.001) were independently associated with DFS. Conclusion Preoperative breast MRI features may be associated with ANB and DFS in patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Endoplasmic Reticulum ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmodium berghei ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmodium falciparum ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protozoan Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism