Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of depressive symptoms and to construct and verify the prediction model of depressive symptoms in middle school students, so as to provide risk assessment tools for effectively screening depressive symptom. Methods: Physical examination and questionnaire survey were conducted among middle school students in one city in Guangdong Province from September to October in 2021 ( n =2 376) and from September to October in 2022 ( n =4 344) by a multistage cluster sampling method, and a nomographic prediction model of depressive symptoms in middle school student was constructed. The questionnaire survey was conducted using the student health status and influencing factors questionnaire (secondary school version) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) to measure the lifestyle and depressive symptom of middle school students. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms in 2021 was 23.3%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that irregular breakfast ( OR =2.64), school bullying ( OR =4.28), being beaten by parents ( OR =2.86), using mobile devices for a long time ( OR =1.08) and sitting for a long time ( OR =1.05) were positively related to depressive symptoms in middle school students ( P <0.05). Long sleep duration ( OR =0.78) and outdoor activity durations of 1-<2, 2-<3 and ≥3 h/d (compared with <1 h/d, OR =0.63, 0.61, 0.49) were negatively related to depressive symptoms in middle school students ( P < 0.05 ). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that 7 statistically signifucant predictive factors constructed a nomogram, and the AUC of the nomogram was 0.77, which had been verified internally and externally with good differentiation and reliability. Conclusions The nomogram prediction model of depressive symptoms provides a convenient and effective risk assessment tool for depressive symptoms among middle school students. The life behavior, diet behavior and injury behavior of middle school students play an important role in the formation of depressive symptoms. It should pay attention to the impact of the behavioral factors on the mental health of middle school students.

Objective:To understand the effects of paliperidone palmitate (PP) long-acting injection on hospitalization, psychiatric symptoms, individual and social function of community patients with schizophrenia.Methods:From March 2021 to September 2022, 239 patients with schizophrenia in the community of Zhongshan city were treated with PP injection in a 1-month dosage form for 1 year.The hospitalization rate was compared before and after the treatment.The brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), modified overt aggression scales(MOAS), clinical global impressions-severity(CGI-S), and personal and social performance scale (PSP) were used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms and personal social function at baseline, at the end of the 8th week, the end of the 6th month and the end of the 12th month after treatment.Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to compare the results at different times of treatment, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting treatment by SPSS 26.0.Results:One year after treatment the number of hospitalization was lower than that before (0(1) times, 0(0) times)( Z=-4.43, P<0.01), and the hospitalization days was lower than before (43(83.3) days, 0(0) days)( Z=-8.65, P<0.01) for the schizophrenic patients.The total BPRS score for schizophrenic patients decreased from (45.3±9.2) to (27.5±9.0) after 1 year of treatment( χ2=465.20, P<0.01), and the external aggressive behavior score was lower than the baseline score (1(7), 0(0))( F=308.36, P<0.01). The total effective rates were 30.5%(73/239), 77.4%(185/239) and 81.6%(195/239) after 8 weeks, 6 months and 1 year of treatment, respectively.The impairment in the four aspects of personal and social functioning were improved to varying degrees (all P<0.01). The severity of the disease was reduced 1 year after treatment.And the proportions of partial to very severe, moderate, none or mild were 10.0%(24/239), 56.5%(135/239), and 33.5%(80/239). Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that younger age at treatment ( β=-0.08, OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.87-0.99) and older age at first onset ( β=0.07, OR=1.07, 95% CI=1.01-1.14) were associated with better treatment outcomes. Conclusion:Long-term injection of paliperidone palmitate can effectively improve the mental symptoms and individual social function of community patients with schizophrenia.

BackgroundIn relation to neurodevelopmental hypothesis in the etiology of schizophrenia， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） as a neurotrophin occupies a relatively dominant position in neuronal development and is a potential biomarker for schizophrenia， and previous studies have suggested that its serum concentration and genetic polymorphisms play a vital role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia， but this remains controversial. ObjectiveTo analyze the difference in BDNF serum concentration between schizophrenic patients and healthy controls， and to explore the correlation of three BDNF single nucleotide polymorphism （SNPs） including rs11030101， rs2030324 and rs6265 with BDNF serum concentration and clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia， thus providing references for the clinical treatment of schizophrenia. MethodsA case-control study was conducted on 55 patients with schizophrenia who attended the Zhongshan Third People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5）， and 31 healthy controls concurrently recruited from the hospital or general population. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS） was utilized to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. BDNF serum concentration in all participants was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the genotype distributions of three BDNF SNPs （rs11030101， rs2030324， rs6265） were investigated by polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing method. ResultsBDNF serum concentration in patient group was lower than that in control group， with statistical difference （t=-3.804， P<0.01）. In terms of clinical symptoms， PANSS total score， excitement/hostility domain score， and depression/anxiety domain score demonstrated statistical difference among patients with different genotypes at SNP rs11030101 （t=2.022， Z=-2.696， -2.467， P<0.05 or 0.01）. No statistical difference was noted in BDNF serum concentration in patients with different genotypes at three BDNF SNPs （Z=1.483， F=2.584， 0.417， P>0.05）. ConclusionPatients with schizophrenia are found to have low BDNF serum concentration， and the three BDNF SNPs （rs11030101， rs2030324， rs6265） are not associated with BDNF serum concentration， whereas the BDNF rs11030101 polymorphism may contribute to the manifestation of clinical symptoms of excitement/hostility and depression/anxiety in patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore， BDNF serum concentration seems to be more dependent on clinical diagnosis effect rather than genetic polymorphism. ［Funded by Guangdong Province Medical Science and Technology Research Fund Project （number， A2021205）； Zhongshan Medical Research Program （number， 2022J221）］