BACKGROUND:Studies addressing coronary heart disease are largely dependent on the establishment of myocardial infarction animal models. It is very important that exploring a safe method with easy operation, less damage, long time survival and high survival rate for myocardial infarction animal model OBJECTIVE:To compare the pros and cons of two kinds of thoracotomy anterior descending coronary artery ligation to do myocardial infarction animal model. METHODS: Thirty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control, median sternotomy incision, and left sternal incision. The anterior descending coronary artery was ligated after thoracotomy. The operation time, amount of intraoperative bleeding, postoperative food intake, and recovery time of eating were monitored during the surgery and within 24 hours after the surgery. And myocardial enzyme indexes were also monitored within 24 hours after the surgery. Rabbits were detected with ultrasonic echocardiogram at 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different levels of ST segment elevation appeared in median sternotomy and left sternal incision groups by echocardiogram. The success rate of modeling was 70% in median sternotomy incision group, and 80% in left sternal incision group. Within 24 hours post-surgery, the myocardial enzyme indexes in the two groups were significantly increased compared with before surgery (P < 0.05). At 4 weeks, the left ventricular ejection fraction and the left ventricular shortening fraction were significantly decreased when compared to before surgery (P< 0.05). The operation time was shorter, the amount of bleeding was less, the time of eating recovery was less and the amount of eating was much in median sternotomy group than in left sternal incision, with significant differences between he two groups (P < 0.05). The median sternotomy incision for the ligation of anterior descending coronary artery is better than the left sternal incision to establish myocardial infarction models.

Objective To explore the value of Color Doppler Flow Imaging in diagnosis of superfi-cial substantial tumors.Methods Retrospective analysis of 742 cases of superficial substantial masses ( all confirmed by operation and pathology) of Patients'ultrasonography , and summarized its features of benign and malignant, and made a comparison.Results Of the 742 patients, ultrasound detection rate of 100%, including 12 cases of malignant lesions, ultrasound diagnosis of 12 malignant cases, the accuracy rate of 100%;730 cases of benign lesions, ultrasound diagnosis of 711 cases of benign, qualitative accuracy rate 97.4%.Conclusions Color Doppler Flow Imaging has an important value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant of superficial substantial tumors.

Objective To visualize the pelvic floor structures by translabial three‐dimensional(3D) ultrasonography performed during labor and immediately after delivery, and to observe the morphological changes of levator hiatus in intrapartum women. Methods Totally 62 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation in labor ward underwent intrapartum translabial 3D ultrasound examination before cervical dilatation, at 10 cm dilatation and immediately after delivery. Volume datasets were obtained at rest, biometric measurements and observation of the morphological changes of levator hiatus in different stages were determined in the axial plane. Comparative analyses of parameters in three stages were carried out. Results Translabial 3D ultrasound demonstrated the pelvic floor structures of intrapartum women well. All biometric measurements of the hiatus before cervical dilatation were the smallest and became the largest at 10 cm dilatation, showed statistically significant differences. The measurements after delivery got smaller immediately but still significantly larger than those before cervical dilatation ( P <0 0.01). Conclusions Translabial 3D ultrasound examination of the pelvic floor during labor and within the first 2h after delivery is feasible. It seems to be an effective tool to visualize pelvic floor structures in intrapartum women. Hiatal enlargement may be a common consequence of vaginal childbirth.

Objective:To explore the changes of sex hormones in children with cryptorchidism of different ages after laparoscopic treatment and the risk factors that affect the timing of surgery, so as to improve the surgical effect of the treatment of children with cryptorchidism.Methods:A total of 80 children with cryptorchidism admitted to our hospital from Jun. 2018 to Aug. 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and all children underwent laparoscopic surgery. Twenty-six children aged 6 to 12 months were included in the younger group, 42 children aged 1 to 2 years were included in the middle age group, and 12 children >2 years old were included in the over-age group. Surgical data of the children were recorded, and the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) , Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Testosterone (T) were detected. Logistic analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors affecting the timing of operation in children with cryptorchidism, and ROC curve analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic value of factors affecting the timing of operation in children with cryptorchidism.Results:The level of T (the younger group (7.36±1.63) vs (7.48±1.67) ng/ml; the middle-age group (7.03±1.26) vs (7.11±1.07) ng/ml; the over-age group (4.81±1.37) vs (4.92±1.63) ng/ml) , occult testicular volume (the younger group (0.30±0.01) vs (0.32±0.03) cm3; the middle-age group (0.45±0.14) vs (0.47±0.11) cm 3; the over-age group (0.45±0.09) vs (0.61±0.08) cm 3) and occult testicular minimum blood flow velocity (the younger group (3.42±0.87) vs (4.26±0.94) cm/s; the middle-age group (3.51±0.26) vs (5.69±0.35) cm/s; the over-age group (8.41±0.34) vs (23.64±0.19) cm/s) increased in all three groups,In terms of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative time to get out of bed, and incision pain time, the over-age group > the middle age group > the younger group; FSH and LH decreased in the young age group and increased in the middle age group and over-age group ( P < 0.05) . Age, family income, primiparas, smoking or passive smoking during pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, and protein supplementation during pregnancy were independent risk factors affecting the timing of surgery in children with untorchidism. The areas under ROC curve were 0.884, 0.704, 0.785, 0.842, 0.904, and 0.845, respectively. The area under ROC curve to evaluate the differentiation was 0.866. Conclusion:The range of sex hormone changes in children with cryptorchidism of different ages after laparoscopic treatment is related to age, family income, primipara, smoking or passive smoking during pregnancy, diabetes mellitus during pregnancy, and no protein supplement during pregnancy are the factors affecting the timing of surgery.

In recent years, the issue of conflicts of interest in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in medical institutions in China has become prominent, mainly manifested as personal and institutional conflicts of interest, with the characteristics of complexity and sustainability. At present, there were some problems in the conflict management of scientific and technological achievements transformation of medical institutions, such as insufficient support of relevant laws, regulations and policies, insufficient supervision of medical institutions, and the lack of industry management atmosphere. The author suggestted that government departments should strengthen the formulation of relevant policies and regulations, medical institutions should establish an interest conflict management system and an independent management department, and industry associations should give full play to their role in assisting, so as to provide reference for promoting medical institutions to effectively manage interest conflicts in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

Objective To investigate the correlations of serum cystatin C levels,cystatin C gene + 148 and + 73 polymorphism and metabolic syndrome (MS) of Chinese Zhuang and Han population in Guangxi region.Methods A hundred MS patients and healthy individuals for each group of Zhuang and Han population were selected in this study.Serum cystatin C levels were determined by immunoturbidimetric assay.Gene polymorphism of CysC + 148 and + 73 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).The correlations between serum CysC level,CysC gene polymorphism and MS in Zhuang and Han population were analized.Results There were significant differences of serum CysC levels between the two MS groups and healthy controls group (all P ＜ 0.05),but no significant difference of the genotype frequencies of CysC + 73 and CysC + 148 in the four groups was observed (x2 =3.139,P =0.791;x2 =4.841,P =0.564).The serum Cys C levels of CysC + 73 GG genotype in both MS groups were lower than those of CysC + 73 AG and AA genotype with statistically significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05).The serum Cys C levels in MS groups were correlated with serum creatinine levels (P ＜ 0.01) and CysC + 73 gene polymorphism (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The serum Cys C level of the MS patients in Zhuang and Han population may vary with the genotype of CysC + 73 genetic variant,and associate with serum creatinine level.

Objective To investigate the correlation of cystatin C(Cys C) serum level and its gene polymorphism among Zhuang population with Metabolic Syndrome(MS) of Guangxi district.Methods The levels of serum Cys C in Zhuang MS patients,Han MS patients,Zhuang normal people and Han normal people(each of 100 cases)were detected by Immunoturbidimetric Assays.Cys C +148,Cys C+73 and Cys C-82 genotyping were conducted by using PCR-RFLP.Results The clinical data and serum Cys C levels of four groups were significantly different(P＜0.05),The clinical data and serum Cys C levels of two CHD groups were significantly different from those in the two normal groups(P＜0.05);(2) There was a positive correlation between Cys C levels and creatinine(Cr) level in peripheral blood(r=0.551,P=0.000);(3) There was no significant difference in the genotype frequencies of Cys C+73,Cys C+ 148 and Cys C-82 in 4 groups(x2 =3.139,0.791;x2 =4.841,P=0.564;x2 =3.207,P=0.782);(4)Cys C level in MS patients of Cys C+73 GG genotype was significantly lower than that of AG and AA genotype,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).But there was no significant difference in Cys C level between AG type and AA type.Conclusion The high level of Cys C caused by impaired renal function may be a risk factor for MS patients in Zhuang and Han population in Guangxi.Cys C+73 locus gene polymorphism and the relationship between MS patients in Guangxi Zhuang population need further study.

Objective:To explore the values of ultrasound, pathology combined with inflammatory indicators in predicting high nodal burden (HNB) in patients with early breast cancer and to construct a nomogram to provide reference for individualized diagnosis and treatment.Methods:The ultrasonographic, pathological features and preoperative inflammatory indicators of 378 female patients diagnosed with early breast cancer confirmed by pathology in the South Hospital of the Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2014 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were randomly divided into training set ( n=302) and test set ( n=76) in a ratio of 8∶2, and the baseline data of the two groups were compared. The optimal cutoff values of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) were obtained by ROC curve. In the training set, with axillary high lymph node load (≥3 metastatic lymph nodes) as the dependent variable, independent influencing factors of HNB were identified by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses, and the nomogram was established. The test set data were used to verify the model. The discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability of the model were assessed by the area under the ROC curve (AUC), C-index, the calibration curve, Brier score and the decision curve analysis, respectively. Results:There were no significant differences in all variables between the training set and the test set (all P>0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that AUCs of NLR, PLR and LMR were 0.578, 0.547 and 0.516, respectively, and the optimal cut-off values were 2.184, 150 and 3.042, respectively. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, pathological type, histological grade, Ki-67, lymphovascular invasion, NLR, PLR, ultrasonic characteristics (maximum diameter of primary tumor, shape, long/short diameter of lymph node, cortical thickness, cortical and medullary boundary, lymph node hilum, lymph node blood flow pattern) were correlated with HNB of early breast cancer (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ultrasonic characteristics (maximum diameter of primary tumor >2 cm, effacement of lymph node hilum, non-lymphatic portal blood flow), lymphovascular invasion, Ki-67>14% and NLR>2.184 were independent risk factors for HNB in early breast cancer ( OR=7.258, 8.784, 6.120, 8.031, 3.394 and 3.767, respectively; all P<0.05) and were used to construct the nomogram model. The AUC of the training set was 0.914 (95% CI=0.878-0.949), C-index was 0.914; The AUC of the test set was 0.871 (95% CI=0.769-0.973), C-index was 0.871, indicating good discrimination. Calibration curve and Brier score were 0.090, indicating high calibration degree of the model. The clinical decision curve indicated good clinical benefit. Conclusions:The nomogram based on ultrasonic characteristics (maximum diameter of primary tumor, lymph node hilum, lymph node blood flow pattern), lymphovascular invasion, Ki-67 and NLR can effectively predict the risk of HNB in patients with early breast cancer, and provide a reference for precision diagnosis and treatment to avoid excessive or insufficient treatment.

Objective:To describe a systematic approach on identification of poisonous mushroom by investigating two cases of Omphalotus guepiniformis poisoning in Jianyang district, Nanping, Fujian province. Methods:Two incidents of food poisoning on 10 migrant workers were investigated. The remaining suspected mushroom samples were collected and the same fresh mushroom specimens were also collected in the following field investigations from the same dead tree and fallen trunk. These mushroom specimens were identified based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses.Results:On November 24 and 26, 2018, 8 and 2 migrant workers from Jianyang District, Nanping ate wild mushrooms and developed acute nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms within 10 to 90 min after consumption. They were diagnosed as mushroom poisoning, with gastroenteritis as the main manifestation. Further analysis showed that the more poisonous mushroom were consumed, the shorter latency and longer duration of nausea and vomiting were resulted. After admission, gastric lavage, catharsis, acid preparation, gastric protection, fluid replenishment and other symptomatic support treatments were given in time, all patients were discharged in 1-3 d. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, the samples were identified as O. guepiniformis. Conclusions:The two incidents were caused by accidental consumption of O. guepiniformis. Awareness education about poisonous mushroom should be provided to migrant workers to prevent more such poisoning incidents in the future.