The researches of air cleaning functional coatings in pathogenic microorganism and chemical gaseous pollutants removal and indoor micro-environment improvement were reviewed.The mechanism of air cleaning was discussed.It is pointed out that the evaluation method is essential for the coatings development.

0 05). The frequency of genotype AA (26 67 %) of the SNPs at position -1 023 bp in severe hypertension group was significantly different from that in normal group(6 98 %, P

Objective To explore the clinical effects of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) on neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).Methods Data of 53 newborns with MAS admitted into the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ning Bo Women and Children's Hospital from June 2008 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different therapeutic measures,they were divided into three groups:conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) group (n=23),HFOV group (n=18) and HFOV+PS group (n=12).The oxygen index,arterial oxygen/alveolar oxygen ratio (a/ApO2) and inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) were monitored at 2,12,24 and 48 h after mechanical ventilation.The mechanical ventilation time,duration of hospital stay,change of symptom,complications and clinical outcomes of the three groups were compared by analysis of variance and Chi-square test.Results The parameters of the three groups at 2 and 48 h after mechanical ventilation were as followed:CMV group [oxygen index:(23.79±7.27) and (15.04±4.76) mm Hg; a/ApO2:0.11±0.04 and 0.31 ±0.07; FiO2:0.74±0.16 and 0.47± 0.21],HFOV group [oxygen index:(21.13±6.29) and (11.73±4.54) mm Hg; a/ApO2:0.14±0.06 and 0.35±0.06; FiO2:0.68±0.14 and 0.41±0.11] and HFOV+ PS group [oxygen index:( 18.35 ± 5.68 ) and ( 7.85 ± 5.06 )mm Hg; a/ApO2:0.17±0.03 and 0.40±0.02; FiO2:0.59±0.13 and 0.29±0.16].Compared with CMV group,the parameters of HFOV group and HFOV+ PS group were different at different time points,and the parameters (duration and extent) of HFOV+ PS group were better than those of HFOV group (all P＜0.05).The mechanical ventilation time was (7.2±0.6) days in CMV group,(4.2± 1.4) days in HFOV group and (2.9±0.5) days in HFOV+PS group; the hospital stay was (22.2±4.5) days in CMV group,(15.6±3.4) days in HFOV group and (11.8±4.3) days in HFOV+PS group; and the oxygen treatment time was (15.4± 2.4) days in CMV group,(11.8±5.3) days in HFOV group and (7.4±2.2) days in HFOV+PS group.The mechanical ventilation time,oxygen treatment time and hospital stay time were the longest in CMV group,the shortest in HFOV+ PS group (P＜ 0.05,respectively).Conclusions Early HFOV combined with PS might be a better therapeutic method for infants with MAS than HFOV or CMV alone.

Studies in recent years revel that there is a close relationship between gastrin/cholecystokinin-2 receptors (GAS/CCK-2R) and pancreatic cancer. CCK-2R is widely distributed in human body, but not in normal exocrine pancreas. However, CCK-2R is abnormally expressed in pancreatic carcinoma. The abnormal expression of CCK-2R in pancreatic tissues leads to the abnormal protein expression and activation, changes in acinar cells' morphology and phenotype and an increase in the sensitivity to carcinogenic substances. And some GAS/CCK-2R antagonists can be used for the early and late treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To develop a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) for the determination of a humanized antibody MIL50.Methods RiVax, a mutant of RTA (a chain of ricin) expressed in E.coli, was used as the coating protein.Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled IgG of goats against humans was used to determine MIL 50 captured by RiVax coated on the plate.Results Compared with ricin, RiVax could bind well with MIL50,indicating it could be used as a coating protein to determine MIL50 instead of holotoxin.Using this method, the detective limit of MIL50 in PBST (PBS containing 0.1%Tween 20) could be as low as 0.030 mg/L.The absorbance value of ELISA for MIL50 in the ser-um and homogenate of the liver , spleen, lung, kidney, muscle of rats was lower than that in PBST .Conclusion The sandwich ELISA is a sensitive method for the analysis of distribution of MIL 50 in rat tissues.

Objective To investigate serum NK cell levels in HBeAg positive early pregnancy women with immune activation.Methods Fifty four HBeAg positive pregnant women admitted in Taizhou People's Hospital from September 2010 to April 2013 were enrolled in the study.Among them,the serum HBV DNA load decreased ≥2 log at 12 weeks after pregnancy in 24 cases (immune activation group) and HBV DNA did not decrease in 30 cases (immune tolerance group).The serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),total bilirubin,HBeAg,HBV DNA load and NK cells were measured.Results At week 12 of gestation,the mean ALT levels and ALT abnormality rate in immune active group were higher than those in immune tolerance group [(146.7 ±93.1) vs.(44.1 ± 14.7) U/L,t =2.95,P＜0.05,50.0％ vs.6.7％,x2 =4.97,P ＜0.05].There was no significant difference of HBeAg level between two groups before pregnancy,while HBeAg level in immune activation group was lower than that in immune tolerance group at week 12 week of gestation [(291.8 ± 170.5) vs.(443.7 ± 289.9) S/CO,t =2.81,P ＜0.05].The percentage and absolute number of NK cells in immune activation group were higher than those in immune tolerance group [(26.7 ±9.1)％ vs.(17.1 ±7.8)％,t =2.52,P ＜0.05 and (370.9 ±136.4)/μl vs.(213.2 ±97.8)/μl,t =2.38,P ＜0.05,respectively].Conclusions In HBeAg positive early pregnant women with immune activation,the inhibition of HBV DNA might be associated with the activation of NK cells.

Objective To investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae (HI) in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Suzhou. Methods Data of sputum culture of 3 167 hospitalized childhood patients with acute respiratory tract infection from January 2006 to December 2007 were collected. The incidence of positive HI and the rate of resistance to different antibiotics were calculated and beta-lactamases of the strains were detected. Results About 4.4% of total 3 167 eases were infected with HI. The infection rate was related with season and sex, more frequent between February and June, more common in boys than girls. Children younger than three years old were likely to be infected by HI, eompared with other age groups. The beta-lactamase positive rate of HI was 31.4%. The resistance rates to ampicillin, SMZ + TMP, chloramphenicol, cefaclor, ceftazidime, tetracycline and ampicillin/sulbactam were 29.6% ～ 31.9%, 66.2% -73.9%, 19.7% ～ 15.9%, 2.8% ～ 14.5%, 2.8% ～0、 28.2% ～ 2.9% and 4.2% ～ 1.4% respectively. Isolates resistance to cefuroxime、 ceftriaxone、 imipenem、azithromycin and ciprofloxacin were not found. Conclusions The infection of HI in children with actue respiratory tract infection is closely related with season and sex in Suzhou. Children younger than three years old are at high risk. The beta-lactamase positive rate of HI was high and increased rapidly. Resistance rate to azithromycin, SMZ + TMP and chloramphenicol was high, some isolates were resistant to the second, third generation of cephalosporin. Monitoring the antibiotic resistance of H! should be emphasized.

Objective To investigate the effects of RNA interference (RNAi) targeting angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) on blood glucose,insulin resistance,as well as oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were divided into diabetes control group (caudal intravenation with control adenovirus named Ad5),gene treatment group (caudal intravenation with recombinant adenoviral vectors named Ad5-ACE-shRNA,expressing ACE gene-specific shRNA),and enalapril group (intragastric administration with enalapril every day).At the same time,the normal blood glucose control group was set up.All rats were injected two times during the experiment period.Blood glucose was measured before and after the intervention.At the third day of the experiment,expressions of ACE mRNA and protein in pancreas were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot,and serum concentrations of ACE and Ang Ⅱ were measured by ELISA.By the end of the experiment,insulin sensitivity index was calculated and expressions of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein of epididymal adipose tissue and NAD (P) H (p22phox) protein of pancreas were measured.Results Blood glucose levels in the gene treatment group [(17.8 ±1.1) mmol/L] and the enalapril group [(17.9 ± 1.2) mmol/L] were lower than that in the diabetes control group [(24.9 ± 1.3) mmol/L] when the experiment was finished.ACE mRNA and protein expressions in pancreas of the gene treatment group were significantly decreased compared with the diabetes control group (P ＜ 0.05).Serum concentrations of ACE and Ang Ⅱ in the gene treatment group were (16.37 ± 3.01) ng/ml and (18.24 ± 3.69)pg/ml,significantly lower than those of the diabetes control group [(46.67 ± 3.92) ng/ml and (44.93 ± 4.12) pg/ml respectively,both P＜0.05].Insulin sensitivity indexes of the gene treatment group and the enalapril group were (-5.14 ± 0.41) and (-5.17 ± 0.38),being all significantly higher than that of the diabetes control group (-6.18 ±0.46,both P＜0.05).Expressions of GLUT4 protein in epididymal adipose tissue were higher and expressions of p22phox protein in pancreas were lower in the gene treatment group and the enalapril group than those of the diabetes control group (both P＜0.05).Conclusions RNAi targeting ACE gene may delay the progress of hyperglycaemia and improve the situation of insulin resistance and oxidative stress.The RNAi technology may be used as a new strategy of gene therapy for diabetes mellitus.

Objective To explore the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) and the molecular chaperone of cytoplasmic Keap1 in premature newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia.Methods Completely randomized design method was performed,one-day old preterm SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:hyperoxia group and air group.The preterm SD rats in hyperoxia group were continuously exposed to oxygen(oxygen >0.85)and air group in room air.After 1 ,4,7,10,14 days of exposure,the pre-term SD rats of two groups were sacrificed,whole lung of these rats were isolated,the lung histological chan-ges were observed by HE staining.Total lung RNA was extracted,Nrf2 and Keap1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.Western-blot was used to detect the changes of Nrf2 protein expression.Results (1 )Compaired with air group,the expression of Nrf2 in lung tissue of hyperoxia group significantly increased after 4,7 days of exposure(4 d:0.314 ±0.064 vs.0.521 ±0.086,7 d:0.440 ±0.121 vs.0.658 ±0.076)(P <0.05 ),the general tendency decreased after 10 days,but the expression of Nrf2 became significantly weak after 14 days of exposure in hyperoxia group(P <0.05).(2)The expression of Keap1 mRNA in hyperoxia group signifi-cantly increased in 1 ,4 days(1 d:0.352 ±0.052 vs.0.547 ±0.075,4 d:0.363 ±0.074 vs.0.658 ±0.076) (P <0.05),the general tendency decreased after 7 days of exposure,but the expression of Keap1 mRNA in hyperoxia group became significantly weaker than its expression after 10,14 days of air group(P <0.05 ). (3)In comparison with air group,Nrf2 protein expression in hyperoxia group increased after 1 ,4 days of ex-posure with no significant difference(P >0.05),but had a tendency of decreasing after 7 days.On day 10, 14,its expression in hyperoxia group became significantly weak compared with that of air group(10 d:1.325 ±0.464 vs.0.755 ±0.348,14 d:1.662 ±0.474 vs.0.867 ±0.1 15 )(P <0.05 ).Conclusion Oxidation outbreak results in the abnormal expression of Nrf2 and Keap1 in the lung of premature SD rats induced by hyperoxia exposure,which adjusts the levels of oxidative stress in the body,these changes participate in the development of hyperoxia induced lung injury,the activity of Nrf2 may be increased by hyperoxia exposure, and alleviate hyperoxia lung injury in premature rats through antioxidation of Nrf2.

Objective To investigate the causes of infant mortality and analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis and medical disputes,and to provide help for improving clinical diagnostic accuracy in future in order to decrease the infant mortality and prevent the occurrence of medical tangle.Methods To collect and reorganize the autopsy pathology reports of medical tangle of infant deaths in the autopsy files of the Pathology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College within 5 years from Jan.2008 to Dec.2012,and a total of 58 cases were collected,of whom 39 cases were male and 19 cases were female,and the ages of these cases ranged from 0 to 3 years old.Results In 5 years,the number of medical tangle of infant deaths were 8 cases,10 cases,10 cases,15 cases and 15 cases,respectively,which showed an increasing trend on the whole.Infant mortality showed a significant decrease with the increase of age,as the highest mortality was the baby,which accounted for 77.59％ (45/58 cases) of infant deaths.The most common cause of infant death was pneumonia,which accounted for 15.52％ (9/58 cases) of all diseases,and neonatal asphyxia was the top cause of newborn infant deaths (27.27％,6/22 cases).In the cases of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of infant deaths,the respiratory system disease was the most common disease (57.89％,22/38 cases).Conclusions Infant mortality decreased year by year in clinical medicine,but there was an upward trend of medical disputes in infant deaths.Various types of pneumonia was the most common cause of infant deaths,and it was also the main cause contributing to medical tangles of infant deaths.