Teaching method of grouping and numbering the experimental animals refers to management of laboratory animals by marking them with numbers. In an experimental group, the same marked experimental animal is performed surgery operation by each group member. As a whole, each group member gets the same score according to the evaluation of operation performance of that group and the score is recorded as usual performance score. This method is simple and easy to implement. It is the optimizing of traditional basic operative surgery teaching methods which is conducted not only to improve medical students' sense of responsibility and animal protection awareness, to make full use of teaching resources and reduce waste, to cultivate medical students' team cooperation awareness, but also to deepen medical students' knowledge about surgical complications and improve the quality of teaching.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the applicection value of ultrasonically guided percutaneous puncture and drainage of gallbladder (PPDG) in treating elderly patients with acute cholecystitis.MethodsThe clinical data of 59 elderly patients with acute cholecystitis treated by ultrasonically guided PPDG were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 37 patients treated by cholecystectomy or 13 cases by cholecystostomy.ResultsThe rates of complication and fatality and average hospital days were 32.4 ％ (12/37),5.4 ％ (2/37) and (25.4 ± 16.5 ) d in patients by cholecystectomy and 7.7％(1/13),7.7％(1/13) and (32.0± 12.5) d in patients by cholecystostomy,respectively,while the complication and mortality were not found in patients by ultrasonic ally guided PPDG with average hospitalization of(19.5 ±9.8)d. The rates of the complication and average hospital days were significantly higher in patients by cholecystectomy and cholecystostomy than in patients by ultrasonically guided PPDG (P＜0.05).ConclusionsUltrasonically guided PPDG is effective,safe and convenient for the treatment of acute cholecystitis in elderly patients.

We made the third party medical disputes mediation organization dispose medical disputes more quickly and effectively by analyzing its theoretical knowledge,running mode,economic framework,administrative agency and personnel disposition,which provided institutional insurance for the establishment of harmonious relationship between doctors and patients in our country.

Objective To investigate the life quality changes and influencing factors of acute coronary syn -drome after stent implantation .Methods 100 cases with acute coronary syndrome received stent implantation were selected .SF-36 life quality questionnaire was used to survey the patients′life quality before operation and 6 months af-ter operation,and the life quality changes and influence factors were analyzed .Results 6 months after operation,the physical activity ,mental health ,social activities ,physical pain ,physical function ,physical role ,energy and health score of the patients were higher than before operation (P<0.05).According to Logistic regression analysis ,female,type 2 diabetes,underwent percutaneous coronary intervention ,ST-T segment elevation myocardial infarction were the im-portant factors affecting patients′recovery(P<0.05).Conclusion 6 months after stent implantation,the life quality of the patients with acute coronary syndrome were improved obviously;the female and underwent percutaneous coro-nary intervention have positive influence on patients′recovery,while type 2 diabetes,ST-T segment elevation myocar-dial infarction affect patients′recovery in negative way .

Objective: To optimize the flash extraction process of the active ingredients from Lonicera japonica by Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology.Methods: Flash extraction was used.With the concentration of ethanol,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time as the main influencing factors and the overall normalization value of the transfer rates of chorogenic acid and luteoloside as the evaluation index, Box-behnken design was performed to screen out the optimal extraction conditions.The mathematics relationship between the overall normalization value and the independent variables was established by multiple linear regression and binomial fitting, and response surface methodology was used to predict the optimal process conditions.Results: The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: the ethathol concentration was 66.92% ,the solid-liquid ratio was 18.82 ,the extraction duration was 1.20 min and extracted only once.Under the above conditions, the extraction rate of chloragenic acid and total luteoloside was 92.87% and 87.55% , respectively.Conclusion: The optimized technology is simple,economic and practical,which can provide new ideas for the rapid extraction and quality control of active ingredients from Lonicera japonica .

Objective To observe the clinical effects and safety degree of treating children's cough variant asthma for mite allergy with Montelukast sodium combined with Flixotide. Methods Forty cases of infant patients with cough variant asthma for mite allergy in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from February 2012 to Octo-ber 2013 were taken as research subjects and randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each group 20 cases. The control group was treated with Flixotide aerosol;the treatment group took extra medicine Montelukast sodium chewable tablets. The treatment period covered half a year. After treatment both groups were observed for 3 months. During the treatment period the recovery process of clinical symptoms and adverse reaction of all the infant patients were observed and recorded. The data was analyzed with statistical software SPSS 17. 0. Results The duration of cough im-proved and solved in treatment group in the acute phase was(5. 82 ± 0. 90)d,much shorter than that of the control group[(6. 54 ± 1. 30)d],and the difference was of statistical significance(P ﹤ 0. 05). In the procedure,4 times of cough scores of treatment group[(3. 90 ± 0. 90)scores,(0. 90 ± 0. 30)scores,(0. 70 ± 0. 30)scores,(1. 90 ± 0. 70) scores]declined apparently more than those of control group[(4. 10 ± 0. 70)scores,(1. 20 ± 0. 40)scores,(1. 30 ± 0. 50)scores,(2. 40 ± 0. 80)scores];the difference was of statistical significance(all P ﹤ 0. 05);and the both were rebounded after 3 months without medicine. In terms of pulmonary function PD20,the patients in treatment group [(0. 46 ± 0. 08)mg vs(1. 76 ± 0. 07)mg]showed better improvement than those in control group[(0. 46 ± 0. 07) mg vs(1. 70 ± 0. 07)mg],and the difference was of statistical significance(P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions Treating chil-dren's cough variant asthma for mite allergy with Montelukast sodium combined with Flixotide is of good therapy effect in the acute phase and the control phase,worthy of further clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) on motor function and the expression of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) + and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) + in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of rats with acute cerebral infarction,and to explore it's mechanism. Methods A rat model of cerebral infarction was established using Longa's technique for middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with an intraluminal filament.The rats were randomly divided into a FES group,a placebo stimulation group and a control group.In each group,rats were randomly allocated into 1 d,3 d,7 d and 14 d subgroups (6 rats/subgroup).Superficial electrodes were pasted on the paralyzed forelimbs of rats in the FES group for connecting with the FES instrument,and FES treatment was carried out with a current of 4-5 mA for 15 min on the third day after the MCAO operation to produce extension of the wrist and the digits of the paralyzed forelimb.The rats in the placebo stimulation group were pasted with electrodes,but no FES was administered and they received no other treatment.Neurological deficits were evaluated using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) before treatment and on the 1 st,3rd,7th,and 14th day after treatment. BrdU and GFAP positive cells in the SVZ were detected by immunofluorescence techniques.Results After 7 or 14 days the motor function of rats in the FES group had improved significantly compared with the placebo stimulation and control groups.Compared with the other two groups,the expression levels of BrdU+ and GFAP+ cells in the ischemic SVZ in the FES group were significantly higher at the 3rd,7th and 14th day.Conclusion FES can improve motor function after acute cerebral infarction and also promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the SVZ.

Objective To evaluate renal hemodynamic changes in hydronephrosis children with no image on intravenous urography by color doppler flow image(CDFI). Methods The resistance indexes(RIs)in main renal arteries(MRAs),interlobar renal arteries(IRAs)and arcuate renal arteries(ARAs)were measured in 48 children with hydronephrosis with no image on intravenous urography.The thickness and area were also measured in hydronephrotic kidneys.Resistive index ration(RIR=hydronephrotic kidneys RI/contralateral RI)was calculated. And pathological changes of kidneys were graded in these cases.Spearman's correlation test was used to compare RIR and pathological grades in these kidneys. Results In healthy and hydronephrotic kidneys,the relevant parameters were as fol1.13±0.14,1.14±0.09,respectively in MRAs,IRAs,ARAs in hydronephrotic kidneys(P＞ness,area of hydronephrotic kidneys(P＜0.05),also between RIR and thickness,araa(P＜0.05),MRAs,IRAs,ARAs and pathologic grades(P＜0.05),especially in IRP(s(r=0.795,P＜0.01).Conclusions RIR of IRA could be an ideal parameter of renal hemodynamics to evaluate renal damage in children with congenital hydronephrosis with no image on intravenous urography.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic orchiopexy for inguinal palpable undescended testes. Methods Ninety patients with 103 inguinal undescended pal-pable testes were treated by laparoscopic orchiopexy performed by the same surgeon. There were 24 (26.7 %) left and 53 (58. 9%) right palpable cryptorchidism cases, plus 13 cases (14.4 % ) with bilat-eral undescended testes. The mean age of the patients was 17 months (range 8 months-6 years). The surgical procedures were described as following. First, the peritoneum was opened at the anterior sur-face of the spermatic vessels and vas deferens before the testis was pulled into the abdominal cavity so that the spermatic vessels and vas deferens were released and easily manipulated. Second, the inter-space between internal spermatic fascia (transversalic fascia) and processus vaginalis was divided so, that the testis could be pulled into the abdominal cavity. Finally, the trocar which was inserted from scrotum was placed through the outer ring. Finally, the testis was placed at position and fixed. Re-suits The mean operative time was 32.7±5.2 min. The processus vaginalis unclose was found in 93 (90.3%) cases; and contralateral process us vaginalis unclose were found in 12 (15.6%) cases of 77 unilateral undescended testes. The complication rate was 3(3.3%)cases, all in bilateral cases. All 103 testes were descended by laparoscopy. On follow-up ranging 6-12 months, all testes maintained good size and a proper position. Conclusions The laparoscopic approach may be a safe way to descend the inguinal palpable testes. Orchiopexy of palpable undescended testes can be done with advantages in the laparoscopic approach.

Objective To compare the prescrotal orchiopexy and traditional inguinal orchiopexy in the clinical treatment of children with low cryptorchidism.Methods Seventy-two patients(78 testes)who underwent orchiopexy in our hospital during March 2006 to May 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.And the undescended testis could be manipulated beyond the external inguinal ring under anaesthesia.Matching conditions were age differences among 3 months,same preoperative testicular positioning,same surgeon and same side.Using the paired study of 1 to 1,all the patients were divided into 2 groups: prescrotal orchiopexy(group A)and the traditional inguinal orchiopexy(group B),each group included 36 patients(39testes).Mean age was 5.4 years(group A)and 5.5 years(group B).The time of operation and restore standing,success rate and complications,including hernia,hydrocele,testicular atrophy and ascent were compared between the 2 groups.Results All the patients were successfully operated.The average surgical time for the prescrotal and inguinal groups were 33 and 41 min(P =0.0022),and average time of standing was 1.2 and 5.4 d(P =0.0003).All the patients had no wound infection.Followup ranged from 3 to 65 months.No hernia,hydrocele,testicular atrophy and ascent were identified in either group.The ratios of successful surgery were 100％ in the two groups.Conclusions The prescrotal orchiopexy is simple,safe,and effective in the cases that testis could be pushed down through the external inguinal ring.Compared with traditional inguinal approach,the advantages of prescrotal approach are shorter operative time,fewer traumas,less pain,faster recovery and cosmetic results.