No abstract available.
Brain* ; Hypoxia, Brain* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Painful post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PPTTN) is a distinctive facial pain syndrome characterized by facial and/or oral pain along the sensory distribution of the fifth cranial nerve with a clear history of a traumatic event. To our knowledge, PPTTN after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has not been reported in the literature. We present a case of an elderly woman who experienced unilateral neuralgic pain after undergoing ESS. Following ESS of the left sphenoid sinus to remove suspicious fungus balls, the patient complained of intermittent facial pain occurring in the left periorbital and forehead area. Clinical diagnosis of PPTTN was established after a comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment. The pain disappeared completely after a 5-week medical treatment with gabapentin. Since PPTTN cases associated with ESS are extremely rare, our case demonstrates that PPTTN should be considered in the differential diagnosis of facial pain developing after ESS and can be successfully treated with medical therapy.

Objectives: Public healthcare data have become crucial to the advancement of medicine, and recent changes in legal structure on privacy protection have expanded access to these data with pseudonymization. Recent debates on public healthcare data use by private insurance companies have shown large discrepancies in perceptions among the general public, healthcare professionals, private companies, and lawmakers. This study examined public attitudes toward the secondary use of public data, focusing on differences between public and private entities. Methods: An online survey was conducted from January 11 to 24, 2022, involving a random sample of adults between 19 and 65 of age in 17 provinces, guided by the August 2021 census. Results: The final survey analysis included 1,370 participants. Most participants were aware of health data collection (72.5%) and recent changes in legal structures (61.4%) but were reluctant to share their pseudonymized raw data (51.8%). Overall, they were favorable toward data use by public agencies but disfavored use by private entities, notably marketing and private insurance companies. Concerns were frequently noted regarding commercial use of data and data breaches. Among the respondents, 50.9% were negative about the use of public healthcare data by private insurance companies, 22.9% favored this use, and 1.9% were “very positive.” Conclusions This survey revealed a low understanding among key stakeholders regarding digital health data use, which is hindering the realization of the full potential of public healthcare data. This survey provides a basis for future policy developments and advocacy for the secondary use of health data.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the educational effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) instruction to elementary school children and the perspectives of students and teachers about such instruction. METHODS: A total of 34,232 5th and 6th grade students from 998 elementary schools were instructed using a two-hour CPR lesson from each school teacher using CPR Anytime(R). The school teachers also were instructed by the same lesson from BLS instructors. Survey questionnaires were distributed to students involved. CPR skills were tested using a checklist during the class. We calculated the multiply effect that how many people were instructed CPR secondarily by student after the lesson and analyzed results by grade and gender. RESULTS: Most students (82%) said that CPR was easy to learn; 81% indicated a willingness to do CPR on a stranger. CPR skills were tested in 11,529 students (34%), and 10,269 (89%) passed. Assessment of respiration was the most commonly omitted procedure. The multiply effect was 1.54, and was higher in the 5th grade and among girls. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the CPR instruction to 5th or 6th grade students in an elementary school setting is feasible and effective. Although the quality of instruction may be low, the children performed CPR on their family and friends.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Checklist ; Child ; Friends ; Health Education ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Manikins ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Respiration

OBJECTIVE: To assess the significance of anti-type I collagen antibody titer in estimating cumulative trauma and predicting the presence of occupational low back pain. METHOD: Under the hypothesis that cumulative trauma on the spine will expose collagen and stimulate the formation of auto-antibody, we measured the serum anti-type I collagen antibody titers (IgM and IgG) in 408 male workers of a metal welding and manufacturing company. The antibody titers were measured in duplicates by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done to compare the titers according to occupational profiles (type of occupation and duration of employment) and clinical profiles (occurrence of low back pain, duration of low back pain and clinical impression). RESULTS: The anti-type I collagen IgG antibody titers were significantly increased in labor workers (n=357) in comparison with office workers (n=51)(p<0.05). Among the labor workers both IgM and IgG antibody titers were increased in the low back pain group (n=50) though it did not reach statistical significance (p-value of IgM antibody titers=0.07). IgM and IgG antibody titers were increased in the chronic low back pain group (> or =3 months)(n=8). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that anti-type I collagen IgM and IgG antibody may be useful in predicting the presence of occupational low back pain and estimating cumulative trauma, respectively.
Collagen* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Low Back Pain* ; Male ; Occupations ; Spine ; Welding

PURPOSE: Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), consisting of a mixture of deoxyribonucleotide polymers, has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects and enhance angiogenesis as an adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist. The aim of this study was to report the effectiveness of PDRN as an adjuvant therapy after surgical debridement in MRONJ (medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients (1 male, 4 females, age 65~79 years) who were diagnosed with MRONJ stage 2 or 3 underwent surgical debridement and PDRN mucosal injection. After surgical debridement, patients were subject to daily injection with 1 ml of PDRN around the surgical wound for 14 days. RESULT: The patients' symptoms gradually disappeared. The surgical wound uneventfully healed, and no recurrence was observed during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Although further studies are required, the present study first describes the possibility of PDRN as a useful option for MRONJ treatment.
Debridement ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jaw ; Male ; Observational Study ; Osteonecrosis ; Polymers ; Receptor, Adenosine A2A ; Recurrence ; Wounds and Injuries

Background and Objectives: The diagnosis of hearing impairment is based on repeated audiometry, including pure tone audiometry (PTA), speech reception threshold test (SRT), and speech discrimination test (SDT). SDT results particularly show a wide discrepancy upon repeated testing, while malingering is suspected when having more than 12% difference between 3 individual SDT results. Therefore, in this study, we compared the proportion of malingering found in repeated SDT with that found in other audiometric tests and analyzed the characteristics of malingering group in order to reevaluate the current criteria of defining malingering.Subjects and Method We retrospectively assessed the audiometry results of 113 patients (226 ears) with hearing impairment. Each ear was divided into a malingering group and a true hearing loss group. The proportion of ears corresponding to each malingering criterion was compared using a chi-square test. An independent sample t-test was performed to identify the differences between the characteristics between the two groups. Results: The number of ears that met the malingering criteria were 19 (8.41%) in PTA, 15 (6.64%) in SRT, and 75 (33.19%) in SDT. There was a significant difference in the proportion of malingering between the 3 hearing test modalities (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in auditory brainstem response, mean age and sex distribution between the malingering group and the true hearing loss group. Conclusion When conducting repeated SDT, there is a risk of misdiagnosing an actual hearing loss patient as a malingering patient under the current malingering criteria. Therefore, the current criteria on SDT requires reevaluation.

To identify a proper T-score threshold for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in Koreans using quantitative ultrasonography (QUS), normative data from 240 females and 238 males (ages 20-29 yr) were newly generated. Then, the osteoporosis prevalence estimate for men and women over 50 yr of age was analyzed using previous World Health Organization (WHO) methods and heel QUS. T-scores were calculated from the normative data. There were definite negative correlations between age and all of the QUS parameters, such as speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and estimated heel bone mineral density (BMD) (p<0.0001). After applying the recently determined prevalence of incident vertebral fracture in Koreans over 50 yr of age (11.6% and 9.1%, female vs male, respectively) to the diagnosis of osteoporosis by T-scores from heel BMD as measured by QUS, it was revealed that applicable T-scores for women and men were -2.25 and -1.85, respectively. These data suggest that simply using a T-score of -2.5, the classical WHO threshold for osteoporosis, underestimates the true prevalence when using peripheral QUS. Further prospective study of the power of QUS in predicting the absolute risk of fracture is needed.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density/physiology ; Female ; Fractures, Bone/diagnosis/epidemiology ; Heel/ultrasonography ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis/diagnosis/*ultrasonography ; Reference Values ; Risk ; Severity of Illness Index ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: The incidence of thyroid microcarcinoma is increasing due to the more frequent use and improvement of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. There are several prognostic factors for thyroid carcinomas. The patient's sex, age at diagnosis, muliplicity or bilaterality of tumor masses, extrathyroidal extensions, lymph node metastasis, and presence of distant metastases are considered the most important. Since the recent update of the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) staging system, the importance of lymph node metastasis is increased. There are, however, a paucity of studies on thyroid microcarcinomas in the Korean population. METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the records of 302 patients diagnosed with, and treated for, thyroid microcarcinomas from January through December 2004. RESULTS: 302 (50.2%) out of the 601 cases of thyroid cancers were microcarcinomas. Women comprised 275 (91.1%) of these cases. Eighty cases (26.5%) contained multiple tumor masses (> 2), and 50 (16.6%) cases exhibited bilaterality. Evaluation of the histology revealed that nearly all of the cases (300 of 302) were of the papillary type. There was only one case each of the follicular and medullary histological type. There were 85 (28.1%) cases of extrathyroidal extensions, and 91 cases (30.1%) of lymph node metastasis, but no cases of distant metastases. CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid microcarcinomas have bad prognostic factors and appear to exist at relatively higher cancer stages. Therefore, it is important to treat them as early and as vigorously as possible with extensive surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, and thyroxine suppression.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iodine ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroxine ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: We compared the effectiveness of CPR Anytime(R) and Little Anne(R) for instructing schoolchildren in CPR. METHODS: We gave CPR instructions to 774 school children (24 classes) from the fifth to the eighth grade in 12 schools. We randomly selected two classes of the same grade from each school. Each class was given two hours of CPR instruction using either the Korean version of CPR Anytime(R) or Little Anne(R). The number of CPR Anytime(R) per student was 1:1 and Little Anne(R) was 1:6. The lesson consisted of didactic lecture, skill practice, and skill test. We compared the skill performance of students according to the instruction method. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety-seven (51%) students were taught using CPR Anytime(R) and 377 (49%) with Little Anne (R). There was no difference in the compression depth, hand position, adequacy of chest recoil, volume of ventilation, self-confidence, and willingness to do CPR between the two instructional methods. The average compression depth was less than 40~50 mm. Elementary school students showed more confidence and willingness to do CPR than middle school students. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in CPR skill performance after instruction using either Anytime CPR(R) or Little Anne(R).
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Child ; Hand ; Humans ; Thorax ; Ventilation