Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical status of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antagonists.Methods: The clinical trials of TNF-α antagonists registered before August 2,2016 were searched on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Trials Register,and SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data.Results: A total of 306 TNF clinical trials were conducted in the world,19 of them were in China.The main research diseases for bone and joint disease,autoimmune diseases,infections,blood tumors.There were 241 items in intervention study,and 56,7,55,60 items in 178 cases,accounting for 73.9% in Ⅱ,Ⅱ/Ⅲ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,respectively.The interventional study of TNF-α antagonist clinical trials mainly focused on intervention research,The main purpose of the practical application of the process after the listing of further validation and evaluation of drug efficacy and safety.Conclusion: There are many kinds of TNF-α antagonists,and clinical indications are wide.The design of clinical trials is diversified and mature.

Objective To investigate the correlation of positive margins after radical prostatectomy with Gleason score of biopsy specimens and percentage of positive biopsy cores in prostate cancer.Methods One hundred and thirty patients with localized prostate cancer were confirmed by biopsy underwent radical prostatectomy,the relationship between positive margins rate and Gleason scores,percentage of positive biopsy cores were analyzed.Results One hundred and thirty cases of biopsy specimens,Gleason score 6 group 50 cases,positive margins rate was 10.00％ (5/50),Gleason score 7 group 65 cases,positive margins rate was 21.54％(14/65),Gleason score 8 group 13 cases,positive margins rate was 0,Gleason score 9 group 2 cases,positive margins rate was 0,the positive margins rate among the different Gleason score group had no significant difference (x2 =5.917 5,P ＞ 0.05).All the statistics of percentage of positive biopsy cores were 89 cases,1％-25％ group 30 cases,positive margins rate was 3.33％ (1/30),26％-50％ group 27 cases,positive margins rate was 11.11％ (3/27),51％-75％ group 18 cases,positive margins rate was 6/18,76％-100％ group 14 cases,positive margins rate was 4/14,the positive margins rate among different percentage of positive biopsy cores group had significant difference (x2 =9.861 8,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There is no correlation between Gleason score and positive margins in prostate cancer,but there is correlation between percentage of positive biopsy cores and positive margins.

Objective To study the inducing apoptosis effect of a traditional Chinese medicine gambogic acid (GA) on Raji cell line and its mechanism. Methods The effect of GA on the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was analyzed. Raji cells were treated with GA at different concentrations and times, and the inhibitory effect was detected by MTT assay.Apoptosis induced by GA was observed by Annexin V/PI doubling staining and flow cytometry assay.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 assay. Activated Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 in living Raji cells were measured by caspGLOWTM fluorescein staining kit and quantificated by flow cytometry. Results After incubation with GA, the proliferation rates of both normal blood mononuclear cells and Raji cells were dramatically inhibited in a concentration dependent manner. GA induced Raji cells to undergo apoptosis. GA decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential of Raji cells. GA increased the level of activated caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9 for 0.37 %, 33.57 %, 18.27 % in 24 h and 28.2 %, 69.2 %,76.7 % in 48 h respectively. Conclusion GA have an inhibitory effect on Raji cells, and can trigger apoptosis of Raji cells through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

Objective: Recent years has witnessed new progress in the molecular genetic study of the relationship between the myosin heavy chain and myocardial hypertrophy.This study aimed to observe the expressions of myocardial ?-myosin heavy chain(?-MHC) and ?-myosin heavy chain(?-MHC) mRNA in rats with pressure overload,and to investigate the mechanism by which abdominal aorta constriction induces left ventricular hypertrophy.Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation and model group.The models were made by clamping the suprarenal abdominal aorta with a silver chip.Eight weeks later,changes in the left ventricular mass index(LVMI) and the ultra microstructure of the left ventricular myocyte were observed,and the expressions of ?-MHC and ?-MHC in the myocardial tissue were detected by RT-PCR.Results: Compared with the sham operation group,the model rats showed markedly increased LVMI(P

According to the investigation result in 398 students of the College of Pharmacy of Chongqing Medical University on study motivation,atitude,extracurricular study time and study method,the entire status of study attitude in pharmacutical students and the effect of study motivation,attitude,grade diversity and gender difference on learning were analyzed.It is indicated that the pharmacutical students in medical university are a group with a certain speciality.Therefore,in order to improve the educational quality of pharmacy,the teaching and students affairs should be developed with clear target.

Objective To preliminarily investigate the effect of ribosomal protein S7 on apoptosis of HeLa cervical cancer cells.Methods The previously constructed recombinant plasmid pIRES2-EGFP-RPS7 was transfected into HeLa cells,the empty vector pIRES2-EGFP transfected cells as control.Enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)expressing cells were quantified by flow cytometry,and RPS7 protein level was also determined by Western blotting.Cell apoptosis of both RPS7 over-expression cells and knockdown cells were evaluated by flow cytometry after staining using allophycocyanin labeled Annexin-V.Results Apoptotic cell level in the obtained RPS7 transient over-expression HeLa cells was significantly higher than that of vector con-trol cells [(1 0.00 ±0.60)% vs (5.73 ±0.61 )%],with a statistic difference (t =8.63,P =0.001 ). Moreover,the apoptotic level in RPS7 knockdown cells was lower than that in control cells [(3.08 ± 0.49)% vs (5.97 ±0.63)%],with a statistic difference (t =6.40,P =0.003).Conclusion Up-regula-tion of RPS7 may promote apoptosis,while down-regulation of RPS7 may inhibit apoptosis of HeLa cells,indi-cating that RPS7 may play roles in regulating cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the massive transfusion protocols (MTP) in abdominal surgical patients with traumatic shock.Methods An analysis was made on the clinical data of patients before and after the use of MTP,including the general condition,amount of blood transfusion,transfusion components and ratio,blood and coagulation function test,and blood transfusion related complications and mortality.Results Before implement of MTP,the average RBC transfusion in the first 24 hours was 19.5U,FFBwas 12.6U,and the ratio ofRBC ∶ FFB was 1.55 ∶ 1.After implement of MTP,the average RBC transfusion in the first 24 hours was 17.3 U,and the ratio of RBC:FFB was 1 ∶ 1.There were no significant statistical differences between the two groups about PT,APTT,Hb and PLT on admission.After 24 hours of admission,there was no significant difference in Hb between the two groups,there were significant differences of PT,APTT and PLT.Blood transfusion related complications were 11 (14.9％) in control group and 7 (11.9％) in MTP,group,and the mortality was 9.46％ and 6.78％ respectively.Conclusions MTP improves blood coagulation function,reduces blood transfusion and enhances survival rate of abdominal surgical patients with traumatic shock.

Objective To evaluate the relationship and bias of the Stago-CT and CA1500 automatic coagulation analyzer.Meth-ods The relationship and bias of PT,APTT,INR,FIB,TT,DD examined by the Stago-CT and CA1500 automatic coagulation ana-lyzer by using NCCLS EP9-A2.Results For the six items(PT,APTT,INR,FIB,TT,DD)the r2 were 0.996 9,0.969 1,0.967 7, 0.955 8,0.972 6,0.949 6,respectively,and the bias were 2.9,0.88,5.22,1.16,3.48,20.3.Conclusion The five items (PT, APTT,INR,FIB,TT)at a good relationship(r2 >0.95)by the Stago-CT and CA1500 automatic coagulation analyzer except for the DD(r2 =0.949 6);The bias of the five items(PT,APTT,INR,FIB,TT)were within in the United States of demanding that a third of the clinical laboratory of CLIA 88′bias,except for the DD.

Objective To observe the MRI findings of normal pancreas in piglets. Methods Eight healthy piglets underwent MR examination, and the morphology, size, signal intensity of pancreas were observed. After MR imaging, all piglets were abdominally incised to observe the anatomy of pancreas and pancreatic adjacent structures. The opening of both common bile duct and pancreatic duct were detected during operation. Two piglets were sacrificed after operation and the whole pancreases were dissected for anatomic research. Results The pancreas of piglets was composed of three parts: right lobe, median lobe and left lobe. All the lobes were displayed clearly on MRI. The signal intensity of pancreas was higher than that of liver and spleen on T1WI, whereas lower than that of liver and spleen on T2WI. On MRCP, pancreatic duct was not presented, whereas the common bile duct could be seen clearly. The opening of common bile duct located at superior part of duodenum (nearby the pylorus) and the opening of pancreatic duct situated at duodenal papilla corresponding to pancreatic right lobe. Conclusion MRI can show the pancreas of piglets very well. The morphology of pancreas and features of common bile duct conjunction with pancreatic duct in piglet are different from those in human.

BACKGROUND: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the clinical syndrome of all kinds of heart disease on the serious or final stage. About half of patients with organic heart disease will have heart failure that has a high incidence rate and mortality. The survival of heart failure was inferior to that of malignant tumor.OBJECTIVE: To confirm the clinical effect of Lujiao prescription on CHF and elucidate its possible mechanism.DESIGN: A control observation on CHF patients.SETTING: Department of Cardiovasology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 60 patients with CHF were selected from the department of cardiovasology in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1996 to December 1998. There were 31 male and 29 female. Included criteria: ①All of patients were consistent with Framinham diagnostic criteria. ② Above Ⅲ degree by New York Heart Association(NYHA). ③ Three months case history. ④Accept quantity sufficient diuretic and vasodilating agent (exclude angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ). ⑤ Left ventricle hypertrophy was proved by echocardiogram or chest X-ray. ⑥ Differentiation of symptoms and signs of Traditional Chinese Medicine refers to asthenia syndrome of differentiation of symptoms and signs of Traditional Chinese Medicine (1986, Researching Association of Chinese integrated medicine) General state of health and basic disease of the patients in the two groups were not significant deviation.METHODS: 60 patient s of CHF were randomly divided into Lujiao prescription group(n=40) and Digoxin group (n=20) at the rate of 2:1. Lujiao prescription group: Orally liquid decoction of Lujiao Prescription 35 mL (1 mL contain crude drug 1.6 g) Bid. po. Course of treatment: 4 weeks. Digoxin group: Digoxin tablet, 0.125-0.25 mg, qd. po. course of treatment: 4 weeks.After 4-week treatment, the patients' clinical effect, integrals of the symptoms of renal deficiency, classification of function capacity of the NYHA,Lee's heart failure score, heart rate(HR), myocardium oxygen consumption (MOC), proportion of heart to chest, echocardiogram, measurement of plasma angitention Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) and plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The total clinic effective rate. ②Integrals of the symptoms of renal deficiency. ③ Classification of function capacity of the NYHA. ④ Lee's heart failure score. ⑤HR and MOC. ⑥The proportion of heart to chest. ⑦ Ejection fraction(EF), cardic output (CO), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), posterior wall thickness (PWT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) through echocardiogram. ⑧The measurement of plasma Ang Ⅱ and plasma ANF.RESULTS:Totauy 60 patients entered the final analysis. ① The total clinical effective rate of the Lujiao prescription group was 90 %, which showed no significant difference from the Digoxin group (90 %, P ＞ 0.05).② Improvement was significantly observed in the integrals of the symptom of renal deficiency of the patients in the Lujiao prescription group after treatment (P ＜ 0.01), but which was not significant in the Digoxin group(P＞ 0.05). ③ It was found that classification of functional capacity of NYHA between Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.01). ④ Lee's heart failure score of patients in Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was decreased (P ＜ 0.01). ⑤Myocardium oxygen consumption and HR of the patients in the Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was decreased (P ＜ 0.01). ⑥ The proportion of heart to chest between Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was decreased (P ＜ 0.01).⑦ EF and CO were increased by Lujiao prescription and by Digoxin (P＜ 0.01,vs pretreatment, respectively). IVST, PWT, LVMI of Lujiao prescription group after treatment were obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.01), while those of the Digoxin group were not obviously decreased (P ＞ 0.05). ⑧ Thlevel of plasma Ang Ⅱ of the patients in the Lujiao prescription group after treatment were obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.01), while that of the Digoxin group were not obviously decreased (P ＞ 0.05). The level of plasma ANF was decreased by Lujiao prescription and by digoxin(P ＜ 0.01, vs pretreatment, respectively).CONCLUSION: There is increasing cardiac constriction power and regressing left ventricular hypertrophy of patients with CHF by Lujiao prescription. The therapeutical effect of Lujiao prescription for CHF is better than that of Digoxin. The effect may be related to the regulation of circular or local endocrine(plasma Ang Ⅱ and ANF) disorder.