The phase constitution, microstructure and properties of a new type of machinable glass-ceramics containing fluorophlogopite-type (FPT) Ca-mica for used in restorative dentistry were investigated. According to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive spectrometry(EDS), its main crystalline phases were FPT Ca-mica and t-ZrO2, together with few KxCa(1-x)/2Mg2Si4O10F2, m-ZrO2. The flexible strength was 235 MPa, which was nearly two times larger than that of the present mica-based dental materials, and the highest fracture toughness was 2.17 MPa.m1/2. The microstructure had a great effect on properties, the glass-ceramics contained a large volume, and the fine crystals showed higher strength. The material possessed typical microstructure of machinable glass-ceramics and displayed excellent machinability during drilling test and CAD/CAM.
Aluminum Silicates ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Ceramics ; Dental Materials ; Hardness ; Materials Testing

The surface modification using cold plasma technique was introduced to hydroxyapatite(HA). The methods adopted in the study included the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid and the use of SEM, XPS and XRD. The results showed that the formation of bone-like apatite on HA modified by cold plasma was easier than that without modification. The active mechanism involves the impact of the particles with high energy and high activity against HA, which roughens and etches the surface of HA, heads to the distortion of HA crystal, and thus increases the dissolvability of HA and the local concentration of the Ca and P ions. This approach is helpful to the formation of bone-like appetite. The data demonstrate that the surface modification using cold plasma technique can increase the activity of HA.
Apatites ; chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Cold Temperature ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Humans ; Plasma ; chemistry ; Surface Properties

The formation of bone-like apatite on porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics in dynamic simulated body fluid (SBF) undergoing a simulated inflammation procedure (pH = 6.5) was investigated in order to study the mechanism of osteoinduction and build a new method to choose biomaterials with better bioactivity. The results showed that the surface of porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics which underwent a simulated inflammation procedure in dynamic SBF was more smooth. The light acidity in the simulated inflammation procedure would dissolve the fine grains and the parts possessing smaller curvature radius on the surface of porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics, which would reduce the bioceramics solubility. Followed in normal SBF (pH = 7.4), the amount of bone-like apatite formed on the porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics was less than that of porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics incubation in normal SBF all along. The results also showed that the amount of bone-like apatite formed on the porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics sintered by a microwave plasma was more than that of porous HA/beta-TCP bioceramics sintered by a conventional furnace.
Apatites ; chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Body Fluids ; chemistry ; Bone Cements ; chemistry ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Ceramics ; Hydroxyapatites ; chemistry ; Inflammation ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Microwaves ; Osseointegration ; Porosity ; Surface Properties

In this study we deliberated over the principles and methods and then took the noninvasive continuous measurement of blood glucose concentration through the skin of rabbits. The glucose oxidase sensor was made by covalent immobilization. The best making method of sensor and stable working condition were sifted. Ten female and 10 male adult white rabbits were allocated into the groups of the ante-ultrasound and post-ultrasound, the injection of glucose, and the high and low frequency ultrasounds. After the skin surface was treated by high or low frenquency ultrasound for 5 minutes on the rabbits, obvious changes (P < 0.01) of post-ultrasound and post-injection of glucose were observed by means of glucose oxidase sensor and microcurrent apparatus. After application of ultrasound to the skin of rabbits, the penetration of glucose through the rabbit skin increased obviously. The change of microcurrent signal that was exchanged by the glucose sensor correlated positively with the concentration of glucose of rabbit body. The blood glucose can be tested by the glucose sensor on the skin surface of living animal.
Animals ; Biosensing Techniques ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Female ; Glucose Oxidase ; Male ; Rabbits ; Skin ; radiation effects ; Sonication

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Tangning Tongluo tablets in the treatment of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy （DR）. MethodsFourteen research centers participated in this study， which spanned a time interval from September 2021 to May 2023. A total of 240 patients with nonproliferative DR were included and randomly assigned into an observation group （120 cases） and a control group （120 cases）. The observation group was treated with Tangning Tongluo tablets， and the control group with calcium dobesilate capsules. Both groups were treated for 24 consecutive weeks. The vision， DR progression rate， retinal microhemangioma， hemorrhage area， exudation area， glycosylated hemoglobin （HbA1c） level， and TCM syndrome score were assessed before and after treatment， and the safety was observed. ResultsThe vision changed in both groups after treatment （P<0.05）， and the observation group showed higher best corrected visual acuity （BCVA） than the control group （P<0.05）. The DR progression was slow with similar rates in the two groups. The fundus hemorrhage area and exudation area did not change significantly after treatment in both groups， while the observation group outperformed the control group in reducing the fundus hemorrhage area and exudation area. There was no significant difference in the number of microhemangiomas between the two groups before treatment. After treatment， the number of microhemangiomas decreased in both the observation group （Z=-1.437， P<0.05） and the control group （Z=-2.238， P<0.05）， and it showed no significant difference between the two groups. As the treatment time prolonged， the number of microhemangiomas gradually decreased in both groups. There was no significant difference in the HbA1c level between the two groups before treatment. After treatment， the decline in the HbA1c level showed no significant difference between the two groups. The TCM syndrome score did not have a statistically significant difference between the two groups before treatment. After treatment， neither the TCM syndrome score nor the response rate had significant difference between the two groups. With the extension of the treatment time， both groups showed amelioration of TCM syndrome compared with the baseline. ConclusionTangning Tongluo tablets are safe and effective in the treatment of nonproliferative DR， being capable of improving vision and reducing hemorrhage and exudation in the fundus.