Let us study about the ophthalmology in the developing area of the environment of the aerospace. After the launch of Naroho (KSLV-I), Korean people are interested in the development of the technology and environment of the aerospace. It is important to the people who are engaged in the fields of the aerospace that the vision is affected by the environment of the aerospace so much. It can be hypoxia due to high altitude, blurred vision and lowering of the color sense due to mydriasis, disturbance of the light sense due to acceleration and vibration. But thanks to the development of refractive surgery, people can be an applicant for a pilot just 1 year after the surgery. The environment of the aerospace is also special to the area of the ophthalmology. There must be further study about the environment of the aerospace.
Acceleration ; Altitude ; Anoxia ; Light ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Mydriasis ; Ophthalmology ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Vibration ; Vision, Ocular

PURPOSE: We determined the toxic and morphologic effects of the anti-proliferative drugs, mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and genistein on rabbit corneal endothelium. METHODS: After intramuscular anesthesia, each drug of different concentrations (MMC at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/ml; 5-FU at 5, 10, and 50 mg/ml; and genistein at 0.013, 0.027, and 0.054 mg/ml) was perfused into the anterior chamber of 54 white rabbits (108 eyes). The same amount of balanced salt solution was perfused into control eyes. The corneal thickness was measured before perfusion and 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, and 24 h after perfusion. Corneal samples were prepared at 24 h after perfusion to determine the changes in corneal thickness and to observe morphologic changes of corneal endothelium under scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: A significant increase in corneal thickness was observed. Destruction of corneal endothelial cell structure was seen under scanning electron microscope at 24 h after perfusion with MMC at 0.2 mg/ml for 1, 3, and 5 min, and at 0.1 mg/ml for 5 min; and 5-FU at 50 mg/ml for 5 min into the anterior chamber. However, no significant difference was seen in corneal thickness or in corneal endothelial morphology at 24 h after perfusion with genistein. CONCLUSIONS: To avoid morphologic changes of the cornea, we recommend the anterior chamber perfusion of MMC at 0.1 mg/ml between 1 and 2 min, 5-FU at 10 mg/ml between 3 and 5 min, and genistein at 0.027 mg/ml for 5 min. Genistein at low concentrations showed no morphologic change in the cornea, suggesting the possible clinical use with safety.
Anesthesia ; Anterior Chamber ; Cornea ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Fluorouracil* ; Genistein* ; Mitomycin* ; Perfusion ; Rabbits

PURPOSE: This study attempts to evaluate the effect of lens cortex and nucleus remnants on posterior capsular opacification with method of the cell culture according to in vitro capsular bag model. METHODS: After bovine lens were isolated, we performed continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and hydrodissectioin of the lens fiber mass. At this stage a tension ring was implanted and then the preparations placed in organ culture for up to 6 weeks. Lens cortex and nucleus material was added at the culture media in group 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 with amount of 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/96, 1/128 of one lens volume. Group 1 was control group that was not added lens materials. Cell coverage of the posterior lens capsule was recorded and the capsules were examined, both pre-and post-coverage, for proliferative activity. RESULTS: After a lag period outgrowth was observed across the posterior capsule. The proliferative activity was greater at the groups that were added more amount of the lens cortex and nucleus material. CONCLUSIONS: it is important that we should not remain any lens cortex material remnant at cataract surgery.
Capsules ; Capsulorhexis ; Cataract ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Culture Media ; Epithelial Cells* ; Organ Culture Techniques