The Motor Vessel Sewol accident was a horrible accident, and it had complex ripple effects in various areas such as politics, economy, and culture. In particular, the psychological impact of each individual in Korean society was great, and various explanations for the causes of such psychological mass trauma would be possible. One of these important causes is the historical memory about common cultural custom. Therefore, the historical and cultural memory of the school trips shared by members of Korean society may be one of the causes of the psychological trauma. This paper aims to explain the cultural and social functions of school trips in East Asian societies from a historical point of view. In addition, we will also analyse the reasons why shared cultural memories contributed to the formation of collective trauma of the accident from a cultural, anthropological and psychiatric point of view.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Memory ; Politics ; Psychological Trauma ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

The impact of maternal mental health on parenting and infant development is significant. Infants of mothers who have experienced perinatal mental health problems have genetic risks as well as risks in establishing a stable mother-child relationship, which interferes with the infants’ emotional, cognitive, and social development. Biological, psychological, and inpatient treatments, such as mother-baby unit at the highest risk after childbirth, have been attempted to minimize the negative consequences of perinatal mental disorder. Mother-child psychotherapy is also helpful in improving a mother-child relationship and strengthening the parenting ability.

With the development of the attachment theory and perinatal psychiatry, the joint admission of the mother and her baby in hospitals began in the 1950s, and this has developed into the establishment of specialized Mother-Baby Units (MBUs). MBUs were operated mainly in the United Kingdom and France. Subsequently, the concept gradually expanded to Belgium, Australia, and the United States, and recently, it is also spreading to Hungary, Sri Lanka, and India. The MBU is a specialized inpatient ward that operates 24 hours a day and comprises multidisciplinary personnel who can give specialized care to mothers with mental illnesses and their babies. Various psychosocial interventions, as well as pharmacotherapy, are used to achieve the MBU’s goal. These include a secure attachment bond between a mother and her baby and psychiatric care for the mother’s mental problems. According to most previous studies about MBU, the outcomes relating to clinical symptoms and the mother-baby interaction have been promising. Currently, there is no MBU in South Korea even though the obvious benefits have been identified. Further studies for the establishment of MBUs in our clinical environment are desperately and urgently needed.

Purpose: This study analyzed news titles related to nurses in Korea before and after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, and aimed to identify the implications of media reports. Methods: Data from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected from BIGKINDS regarding Korean nurses. Text mining and CONCOR analysis were conducted on the top 30 keywords using TEXTOM and Ucinet 6. Results: From the findings of this study, keywords were related to Taewom and Newborn death in 2019. Additionally, because of COVID-19 and the controversy over the encouragement of President Moon Jae-in, Taewom was included in 2020. Using CONCOR analysis, 6 clusters (characteristics and results of major incidents, the issue related target, Newborn abuse, Taewom, drugs, nursing education) were generated in 2019, and 6 clusters (emergency room, hero, controversy, Taewom, COVID-19, hospital infection) were generated in 2020. Conclusion Before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the news headlines of nurses consisted of negative keywords, while there were few positive news headlines. In order to improve the image of nurses, it is necessary to continuously analyze media trends and establish strategies accordingly.

BACKGROUND: Protein S deficiency is a common cause of thrombophilia. Free protein S has been suggested as one of the best screening tests for this deficiency. We evaluated an immunoturbidimetric free protein S reagent, INNOVANCE Free Protein S Antigen (Free PS Ag; Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Germany), using a CS-5100 coagulation analyzer (Sysmex, Japan). METHODS: The performance of INNOVANCE Free PS Ag was evaluated according to the CLSI guidelines. Precision, linearity, and verification of reference intervals were examined. The INNOVANCE Free PS Ag was also compared by the STA-Liatest Free Protein S immunoturbidimetric assay (Diagnostica Stago, France). RESULTS: The repeatability and within-laboratory imprecision of INNOVANCE Free PS Ag were 0.8% CV and 2.0% CV at the normal level, and 1.3% CV and 2.3% CV at the abnormally low level, respectively. This assay showed linearity from 4.0% to 151.9% (correlation coefficient r=1, P < 0.0001). Reference intervals for males and females were verified as acceptable. INNOVANCE Free PS Ag was comparable with STA-Liatest Free Protein S with a very high correlation (r=0.935, P < 0.0001). The results for the INNOVANCE antigen were higher. CONCLUSIONS: The INNOVANCE Free PS Ag on a Sysmex CS-5100 coagulation analyzer has excellent analytical performance and is comparable with the STA-Liatest Free Protein S assay.
Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Protein S Deficiency ; Protein S* ; Thrombophilia

BACKGROUND: An in-training examination is given annually to the all laboratory medicine residents of in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of the in-training examinations according to the examinees' postgraduate years, a number of teaching faculty members and hospital beds, and the score of the board examination. METHODS: A total number of examinees during the 5-year period from 2001 to 2005 were 311. All residents took the same in-training examinations given each year irrespective of the postgraduate year (PGY). RESULTS: The scores of in-training examinations increased with advance in the examinees' PGY (P<0.01). The scores were not different according to the size of teaching faculty or hospital beds (P>0.05). The correlation coefficients of each PGY scores were from 0.474 to 0.755 (P<0.01). The scores of the 4th PGY were correlated with those of the board examinations (r=0.627, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the scores of the in-training examinations may be a valid measure of knowledge acquired by residents during their training years and provide a useful information for improving the laboratory medicine residency training program.
Education ; Internship and Residency* ; Korea

Emergence of new clonal chromosomal abnormality (CCA) has been reported in Philadelphia-negative cells in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) undergoing the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. However, the time of emergence and clinical significance of CCA remains to be elucidated. In this study, we report a CML patient undergoing TKI treatment who developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after 206 months since the diagnosis of CML. Results of droplet digital PCR performed with serial bone marrow samples revealed that monosomy 7 in Philadelphia-negative cells appeared at the time of MDS development that did not exist initially at the time of CML diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: We report a case of extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture caused by repetitive motions and awkward posture on hand and wrist joints. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old right-handed man who worked for 15 years in an assembly line at an automotive manufacturing company has been diagnosed with a complete tear of right EPL tendon. We investigated the patient's occupational history in detail and evaluated the tasks ergonomically through musculoskeletal risk factors survey and job strain index (JSI) using the 22 task-related videos recorded by the patient. Three out of the 12 tasks (25%) were identified as high-risk work on the hand and wrist in the musculoskeletal risk factors survey in 2016. Among the 22 tasks analyzed by JSI, 11 tasks (50%) were evaluated as probably hazardous. In addition, he used localized vibration tools in 19 (86.4%) out of 22 tasks. CONCLUSION: We concluded the patient's disease was probably caused by repetitive motion and improper posture of the hand and wrist, and the hand-arm vibration is a possible cause as well.
Hand ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; Posture ; Risk Factors ; Rupture ; Tears ; Tendons ; Vibration ; Wrist ; Wrist Joint

Awareness during general anesthesia occurs in approximately 0.1–0.2% of cases; nevertheless, particular attention is required because it can lead to critical complications including insomnia, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. To prevent these complications, bispectral index (BIS) and end-tidal anesthetic gas (ETAG) concentration monitoring are commonly used to examine patient consciousness during surgery. In the present case, an 80-year-old man was scheduled for total gastrectomy. Anesthesia was maintained using desflurane 4.0–5.0% vol, oxygen, and nitrous oxide. The authors simultaneously monitored BIS, which was maintained between 37 and 43, and ETAG, which was maintained between 0.9 and 1.2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). After the operation, however, the authors were surprised to learn that the patient complained of awareness during anesthesia. Although BIS and ETAG concentration monitoring are useful in preventing awareness during anesthesia, they cannot be completely trusted. Even though BIS was maintained at approximately 40 and ETAG at 0.7–1.3 MAC, awareness during anesthesia occurred.
Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anxiety ; Consciousness ; Consciousness Monitors ; Depression ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Intraoperative Awareness ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Emergence of new clonal chromosomal abnormality (CCA) has been reported in Philadelphia-negative cells in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) undergoing the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. However, the time of emergence and clinical significance of CCA remains to be elucidated. In this study, we report a CML patient undergoing TKI treatment who developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after 206 months since the diagnosis of CML. Results of droplet digital PCR performed with serial bone marrow samples revealed that monosomy 7 in Philadelphia-negative cells appeared at the time of MDS development that did not exist initially at the time of CML diagnosis.