Chorioangioma is the most common primary tumor of the placenta. It is widely accepted to be formed from hamartomatous proliferation of angioblastic cells in early placenta. According to groups who systematically examined the placentas with the greatest scrutiny, the incidence of chorioangioma is 1~1.2% of all placentas examined. The clinical implication of chorioangioma has been emphasized due to its high association with hydramnios, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, premature onset of labor, or intrauterine fetal distress or death. The authors experienced a case of a 38-year old multigravida who had undergone 4 consecutive spontaneous abortions. The fifth pregnancy was carried to 35 weeks whereupon a dead fetus was delivered. The placenta was enlarged(950 gm) with multiple protruding nodules into the fetal surface. Microscopically, the nodule was composed of many vilous structures lined by chorionic epithelium. Within these structures was proliferation of endothelial lined capillaries some of which demonstrated ectatic change.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is the most common malignant tumor in Korean women. It is well known that carcinogenesis is a multi-step event involoving the inactivation of tumor supressor genes, such as p53 gene and RB gene. The inactivation of the normal functions of the tumor-suppressor proteins pRB and p53 are important steps in human cervical carcinogenesis, either by mutation or from complex formation with the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins. The pRB protein regulates early cell cyle progression by controlling transit through the G1 phase of the cell cyle. The p53 tumor suppressor gene product also plays a role in cell cycle control by the transcriptional regulation of cyclin-CDK inhibitor. Cervical carcinoma is an excellent model for studying the stepwise progression of cell transformation because this is reflected morphologically by the increasing dysplasia of the squamous cells before it becomes and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of pRB and compared that with overexpression of p53 in a series of cervical lesions including normal tissuess, dysplasias, carcinoma in situ and carcinomas by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody to elucidate the role of these tumor suppressor genes. The result were as follows: 1. In normal cervical mucosa and CIN I , a few positively stained cells for pRB were seen in basal and parabasal layer. 2. An abnormality of pRB, loss of expression was seen in 23.8% of CIN III and in 10.8% of invasive carcinoma. 3. Overexpression of p53 was demonstrated in 14.3% of CIN III and in 59.5% of invasive carcinoma. 4. The immunoreactivity of p53 was significantly increased (p<0.05) in stage II, III than stage I , whereas downregulation of pRB and tumor stage was not correlated. 5. The immunoreactivity of p53 was significantly increased (p<0.05) in squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and CIN III. These result suggest that an alteration of pRB is more frequently implicated in CIN III than invasive carcinoma, whereas overexpression of p53 may be involevd in late progression of uterine cervical carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia* ; Cervix Uteri ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; G1 Phase ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Retinoblastoma ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Oncogene Proteins ; Retinoblastoma Protein*

OBJECTIVE: Because endometriosis is difficult to diagnose and has a high recurrence rate after treatment, a reliable serum marker of endometriosis is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the serum levels of CA125 and CA19-9 in patients with endometriosis before and after treatment and during recurrence, and to assess the usefulness of these levels in the diagnosis, clinical follow up and prediction of recurrence in endometriosis. METHODS: Eighty-eight patients who visited the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Ewha Mokdong Hospital from January 1994 to December 1998 and were diagnosed as endometriosis by laparoscopy or explo-laparotomy were enrolled as subjects. A retrospective analysis of serum CA125 and CA19-9 levels at 1 month before and 3 to 6 months after initiation of treatment was done. RESULTS: The serum CA125 and CA19-9 levels of endometriosis group(81.0+/-252.5, 36.6+/-53.4 ; mean+/-2SD, U/ml) before treatment was significantly higher than control group(11.6+/-12.8, 9.4+/-8.6)(p<0.05). Overall sensitivity rate for CA125, CA19-9 levels and both was 53.4%, 42.9% and 64.3% respectively. The sensitivity rate for endometriosis, stage 3 and 4(85.4%, 55.0%) was significantly higher than that, stage 1 and 2(p<0.05). The serum CA125 level in endometriosis group showed a significant increment according to stages(p<0.05) while the serum CA19-9 level showed an increasing trend(p=0.055) and both levels decreased significantly after treatment(p<0.05). The serum CA125 level was also higher at recurrence after treatment(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The serum CA125 and CA19-9 levels are a useful marker for diagnosing severity of disease, monitoring efficacy of treatment and predicting recurrence in endometriosis.
Biomarkers ; Diagnosis ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Obstetrics ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the eyelids, occurring almost twenty times more often than squamous cell carcinoma. Extensive ulceration occurs with growth(rodent ulcer). Generally the lower eyelid is involved with basal cell carcinoma, particularly its outer portion, followed by the inner canthus, the upper eyelid and then lateral canthus. It is found most often in sixth decade life. The etiology of carcinoma of the lid is assumed to be association with trauma, irritation by long use of spectacles, dirty skin, chronic blepharitis and conjunctivitis, eczema and scar caused by burn. Complete eradication of these tumors is important. We experienced a case of basal cell carcinoma in lower lid with conjunctival involvement treated by rotation flap method.
Blepharitis ; Burns ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cicatrix ; Conjunctivitis ; Eczema ; Eyeglasses ; Eyelids ; Skin ; Ulcer

Leiomyorrw is the mest cunmon in the uterine hunor. Smooth muscle tumors of the female genital taact arise mostly from the uterine myometrium and only rarely from the broad ligament. We experienced a cases of huge leiomyoma of the broad ligarnent with secondary cystic degeneration. In the respect of rarity, we report this case with a brief review.
Animals ; Broad Ligament* ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Round Ligaments ; Smooth Muscle Tumor

No abstract available.
Humans ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*

PURPOSE: To evaluate morphologic characteristics of the microcalcifications on mammography that were confirmed pathologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty five cases of microcalcifications on mammography (fifteen cases of benign lesion, thirty cases of maiignancy) were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The number of microcalcifications within 1 cm2 were more than 5 in 22 cases (73%) of 30 malignancy and less than 5 in 11 cases (73%) of 15 benignity. The heterogeneity of microcalcifications were seen in 26 cases of malignancy (87%) and the homogeneity of microcaicifications were 11 cases of benignity (73%). The morphologic characteristics of the microcalcifications were linear-V shape in 9 cases (30%), punctate shape in 8 cases (27%), fine stippled shape in 7 cases (23%), and round dot shape in 6 cases (20%) of malignancy and, round dot shape in 11 cases (73%), punctate shape in 2 cases (13%), and linear-V shape in 2 cases (13%) of benignity. CONCLUSION: Numerous irregular microcalcifications that are heterogenous in size and morphology were strong indicators of malignancy.
Mammography ; Population Characteristics ; Retrospective Studies

Multicentric pigmented Bowen's diseas. (MPBD) is a bowenoid atypia in the genitalia of young adults which was first described by Lloyd in 1970. Clinically the lesions appear to be benign warts, but histologically they show bowenoid atypia., Although the pathogenesis and cours of MPBD is as yet unknown, many authors have suggested viral etiology. We recentiy encountered two cases of MPBD, one a 25 year-old male and the other a 38 year-old female, confirmed clinicallr and histopathologically. Case 1 showed spontaneous regression without any treatment, but case 2 showed recurrence of the lesions inspite of three times of surgical excision. The recurrent MPBD which has proven to be resistant to surgical therapy is unusual according to the previous reported cases.
Adult ; Bowen's Disease* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Male ; Recurrence ; Warts ; Young Adult

CT scans of 21 patients(intrathoracic goiter=7. Castleman disease=6, pulmonary carcinoid tumor=3, parathyroid adenoma=1, thyroid carcinoma=1, paraganglioma=1, benign pleural mesothelioma=1, sclerosing hemangioma=1) with mediastinal tumors that are known to be enhanced with intravenous injection of contrast media, were studied retrospectively to investigate the enhancing capabilities f those tumors and to describe their CT findings. The degree of enhancement was estimated by visual inspection with a grading system. All but one case of cystic parathyroid adenoma showed enhancement on post-contrast scan. The degree of enhancement was not helpful in differentiating these tumors. Characteristic location and pattern of tumor extension were found in cases of intrathoracic goiter, parathyroid adenoma, thyroid carcinoma and paraganglioma. Calcifications were found in intrathoracic goiter(5/7). Castleman disease(2/6). Pulmonary carcinoid(1/3), thyroid carcinoma. Necrotic low-attenuation areas were in intrathoracic goiter(7/7), parathyroid adenoma, thyroid carcinoma and paraganglioma. In conclusion, mediastinal tumors that are known to be enhanced in the literature were enhanced with rare exception, and if we consider the predilection site of those tumors, the scope of differential diagnosis can reasonably be narrowed.
Carcinoid Tumor ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Goiter, Substernal ; Injections, Intravenous ; Paraganglioma ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Stasis dermatitis is one of the important skin manifestations of venous stasis. Therefore, the searching for the cause of venous stasis is importrnt. Two cases of stasis dermatitis with inferior vena caval obstruction are reported and possible etiologic factor is discussed. Case I The patient, 38-year-old carpenter, was admitted at Choong Buk Medical Center in April, 1974 with superficial venous engorgement of the lower extremities which had begun to appear two years after severe blunt trauma to both legs in 1962. 5 years prior to admission, abdomial venous engorgement and abdominal fullness developed and was exaggerated gradually. Since 2 years prior to admission, he has been suffered from the recurrent exudative ulcer on the right lower leg The physical examination revealed mild icteric sclera, hepatomegaly, abdominal distension, tortuous venous engorgement on the abdomen, the lateral chest wall and the lower extremities, and edematous scaly brawny pigmentation of the lower legs. Esphagogram showed no esphageal varices. Inferior vena cavogram showed complete obstruction at the level of upper border of 2nd lumbar vertebra and well developed collateral circulation, Findings of skin biopsy on the right lower leg showed moderate acanthosis, increased pigmentation of bosal cell layer in the epidermis, capillary proliferation, diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration with increased fibrosis and hemosiderin granules in the dermis. Case II The patient. 36-year-old farmer, was admitted at Dept. of Dermatology, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College in Sept., 1973.The physical examination revealed hepatomegaly, abdominal distension, superficial venous engorgement on the abdomen, the neck and the lower extrcmities, severe edema and pigmentation of the lower legs, and the multiplc. Exudative ulcers on the left lower leg. Liver scanning showed somewhat general enlargement with some mottlings along the margin and relative prominance of the left lobe. Liver biopsy revealed findings of non specific chrcnic hepatitis. Inferior vena cavogram through the left femoral vein showed complete obstruction at the level between 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae.His peripheral edema and ascites was much subsided after adequate bed rest and the skin lesion improved with scar formation.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Ascites ; Bed Rest ; Biopsy ; Capillaries ; Cicatrix ; Collateral Circulation ; Dermatitis* ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Femoral Vein ; Fibrinogen ; Fibrosis ; Hemosiderin ; Hepatitis ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Leg ; Liver ; Lower Extremity ; Neck ; Physical Examination ; Pigmentation ; Sclera ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Spine ; Thoracic Wall ; Ulcer ; Varicose Veins