The sling operation is especially indicated in patients with intrinsic sphincter dysfunction (ISD). We evaluated of the effectiveness of the sling operation for the treatment of genuine stress incontinence patients with ISD. We operated 7 patients and followed up all of the patients for 214 (mean 8) months. Preoperative maximal urethral closure pressure was ranged from 23 to 74 (mean 38.4) cmH2O and valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) was ranged from 41 to 78 (mean 59.5) cmH2O. We applied rectus fascia or GoreTex mesh as sling material. As a results, genuine stress incontinence (GSI) had completely cured in all of 7 cases. However, postoperative urinary retention was developed in two cases. In one of these, we released suspension suture, and in another case, urethrolysis and Raz operation was underwent in other hospital. All of these two cases showed improvement of voiding and any recurrence of incontinence was not noted. In conclusion, GSI due to ISD can be cured by the technique of the sling operation, so we suggest that the sling operation is one of the treatment for GSI patient with ISD.
Fascia ; Humans ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Recurrence ; Sutures ; Urinary Retention

It is well known that HL-60 cell, a human promyelocytic line, is differentiated into eosinophil-like cells in the presence of butyric acid, and thus the differentiated HL-60 cells have been used as a model system to study irnmunological properties of peripheral eosinophils which are thought to be terminally differentiated. To study whether HL-60 cells alter their capability of expressing cytokines during differentiation to eosinophil-like cells, we examined TNF mRNA levels in HL-60 cells treated with butyric acid by Ribonuclease Protection Assay (RPA). HL-60 cells were incubated for 3 days in the presence of butyric acid (0.5 mM), and stimulated with PMA and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The levels of TNF mRNA decreased by 50 % and 95 % upon one and two days of post-treatment of butyric acid, respectively. The decreased pattern in TNF mRNA levels was also observed in HL-60 cells that have been treated with retinoic acid known as an inducer for differentiation of them. In accordance with these results, prominent azurophilic granules typical in eosinophils appeared in the cytoplasm of the differentiated HL-60 cells. The decreased expression of TNF mRNA was not attributable to the presence of serum, since increasing concentrations of serum had no effect. Furthermore, interleukin-5 (IL-5), which is known to be involved in activation and trafficking of eosinophils in vivo and in vitro, failed to affect TNF mRNA production when it was used in place of butyric acid. These data suggest that the differentiated HL-60 cells may have immunological resemblance to eosinophils in that they weakly produce the cytokine mRNA.
Butyric Acid ; Cytokines ; Cytoplasm ; Eosinophils ; HL-60 Cells* ; Humans ; Interleukin-5 ; Ribonucleases ; RNA, Messenger* ; Tretinoin

No abstract available.
Birth Certificates* ; Parturition*

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a rare congenital disease. It is a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by multiple bone fracture, blue sclera, hearing loss, abnormalities of dentition and widespread connective tissue ahnormality. We experienced a case of osteogenesis imperfecta diagnosed in utero by ultrasonogram and confirmed hy postnatal radiograph after delivery. We present the case with a hrief review of the literature.
Connective Tissue ; Dentition ; Fractures, Bone ; Hearing Loss ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; Sclera ; Ultrasonography

Hyperreactio luteinalis(HL)referes to moderate to marked cystic bilateral enlargement of ovaries due to benign theca lutein cysts, usually related to hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma. After its first description by Berger in 1938, almost 53 cases of HL unassociated with trophoblastic disease have been reported in the literature. We encountered one such case in a 34 years old female which was incidentally diagnosed during cesarean section at term.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; Choriocarcinoma ; Female ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Lutein ; Ovary ; Pregnancy ; Trophoblasts

No abstract available.
Typhlitis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of distal locking screws affected the final radiologic results after volar plate fixation for distal radius fractures. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 176 patients (male, 36; female, 140; average, 60 years) who had distal radius fractures treated with open reduction and volar plate fixation between 2011 and 2012. The number of screws used for distal fixation was determined according to the surgeon's preference and the type of plate used. Radiologic parameters and their displacements were measured postoperatively and at final follow-up. The results of using 4 or 5 distal locking screws were compared with those of using more than 6 distal locking screws. RESULTS: There was no significant displacement in fracture fragment when using 4 or 5 distal locking screws compared with using more than 6 distal locking screws. Mean displacement in ulnar variance was 0.6 mm in group with less than 5 screws, and the displacement was 0.4 mm in group with more than 6 screws (p=0.772). Secondary displacement was not correlated with fracture type or the number of distal locking screws. There was no fixation failure during the study period. CONCLUSION: It seems that 4 or 5 distal locking screws are strong enough to prevent a significant loss of fracture reduction. Filling every distal screw hole is not recommended to limit cost and avoid extensor tendon complications.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radius Fractures* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendons ; Palmar Plate*

Transient symptomatic zinc deficiency (TSZD) is clinically similar to acrodermatitis enteropathica. The patients are experienced dermatitis on periorifice and extremities, alopecia, diarrhea, growth retardation, anemia, delayed wound healing and infection. They showed a characteristically rapid response to zinc supplement without recurrence. We report 3 cases of TSZD infants, 2 premature infants with inadequate zinc supply and 1 mature infant with chronic diarrhea.
Acrodermatitis ; Alopecia ; Anemia ; Dermatitis ; Diarrhea ; Extremities ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Recurrence ; Wound Healing ; Zinc*

PURPOSE: Recently, legal disputes resulting from medical accidents have been increasing annually. The purpose of this study is to determine the causes and characteristics of medical disputes brought as a result of neonatal accidents and to suggest measures to reduce the number of medical malpractice suits. METHODS: Twenty-eight medical malpractice lawsuits brought as a result of neonatal accidents between 2005 and 2009 were analyzed. RESULTS: The average time taken to resolve these lawsuits was approximately 4.4 years. The average gestational age and birth weight of the newborns in these cases were 35.3+/-4.2 weeks and 2,668+/-931 g, respectively. Twelve cases (42.9%) were concluded partially in favor of the plaintiffs, while in 10 (35.7%) cases the plaintiffs lost. In 11 of the 12 cases that were concluded partially in favor of the plaintiffs, the defendants were found guilty of violating their duty of care. Medical accidents resulted in death in 10 cases and physical disability in 18 cases, and cerebral palsy and blindness were the most common physical disabilities. The average compensation amount ordered as damages was KRW 161,389,291+/-12,636,454. CONCLUSION: In medical litigation, the standard of judgment is whether appropriate medical practices were performed based on the patient's symptoms. Thus, to comply with the medical treatment rules is paramount in securing patients' safety and protecting doctors themselves. Individual effort is necessary, but not sufficient to prevent medical accidents; multilateral, systemic reform is also required if the number of neonatal medical accidents is to be reduced.
Birth Weight ; Blindness ; Cerebral Palsy ; Compensation and Redress ; Dissent and Disputes ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Judgment ; Jurisprudence* ; Malpractice ; Patient Safety

BACKGROUND: The anaphase promoting complex (APC) promotes the degradation of mitotic cyclins as well as other substrates involved in sister chromatid adhesion. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between the APC expression and the clinicopathological variables, in an attempt to determine the role of the APC in the proliferation of lung cancer and to evaluate the possibility of an aberrant APC function in surgically resected squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed for APC, Ki-67, cyclin B1, Cdc2, MMP-2 and VEGF in 55 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 34 cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical stains for APC revealed a positive reaction in 49 cases (55.1%). The APC expression level was higher in the cyclin B1-positive group (p= 0.01), the Cdc2-positive group (p=0.001), the MMP-2-positive group (p=0.03), the group with lymph node metastasis (61.4% vs 48.9%), and the group with stage II/III cancer (60.7%) compared with those with stage I (42.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The APC may have an aberrant function, such as a change in its role in controlling the cell cycle, and might be associated with the invasiveness and proliferation of tumor cells.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Anaphase* ; Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Cycle ; Chromatids ; Coloring Agents ; Cyclin B1 ; Cyclins ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Siblings ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A