No abstract available.
Fever* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Tongue*

Conjoined twins occur when there is imcomplete fission of the inner cell mass later at approximately 13 to 15 days after fertilization. The earlist case in the literat.ure appears to be that of the Biddenden Maids who were born in England in 1100. since then over two hundred cases of successful separation were reported on literature. And also successful separation cases were reported by Seung et al.(1991) in Korea. Conjoined twins occur between one in 50,000 to 100,000 births but real incidence is one in 200,000 because two thirds are stillbirth or died immediately after birth. The conjoined twins are not associated with maternal age, race or family history and 70 % of them are females. We experienced a case of conjoined twins with omphalopagus and performed surgical separation. A brief review of related literatures was done.
Animals ; Continental Population Groups ; England ; Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Maternal Age ; Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Parturition ; Stillbirth ; Twins, Conjoined*

Authors experienced 100 cases of retrobulbar optic neuritis among the patients who visited the Chang Shoo Choi Eye Clinic during the last 2 years, from September 1, 1964 to August 31, 1966. The chief complaints are asthenopia, blurring vision, ocular pain, headache and photophobia. Of 100 cases, 46 cases wanted to be refracted. The corrected visual acuities are not always poor, though they are very variable from time to time as the tests are processing. The most cases revealed central relative scotomas instead of cecocentrals as previously believed. Fields are taken with glasses if corrected. In our cases, the age distribution of the patients are very interesting, the most susceptible age groups are 11~13 years.
Age Distribution ; Asthenopia ; Eyeglasses ; Glass ; Headache ; Humans ; Optic Neuritis* ; Photophobia ; Scotoma ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the nutrient intakes and food habits among preschool children in Kyungjoo city. The subjects were 210 preschool children, aged 4-6 years. Measurements of the weight, height, chest circumference, and head circumference of the children were conducted. And general home environment and factors related to eating habits for preschool children were collected using a questionnaire that included information about family income, parents' education and occupations. The average weight-length index (WLI) for the subjects was 103.9%. Using the WLI, 20.0% of the preschool children were underweight, 48.6% were normal, 19.0% were overweight, and 12.3% were obese. On the Rohrer index, 13.8% of the preschool children were underweight, 38.5% were normal, and 47.7% were over weight or obese. The average daily intake (% of RDA) of energy and each nutrient was 1323.5 kcal (81.3%), Ca 484.3 mg (80.7%), Fe 7.05 mg (88.1%), vitamin A 420.0 RE (105%), vitamin B1 0.76 mg (95.0%), vitamin B2 0.87 mg (87.0%), and vitamin C 53.1 mg (106.2%), respectively. In particular, older subjects had lower intake in RDA % of calcium and iron. The energy intake ratio from snacks was much higher than the recommended level of the preschool children. With regard to frequency of regularity of breakfast, 1.9% of preschool children skipped every morning and 7.6% of the children skipped more than 5 per week. With regard to the intake frequency of vegetables, fruits, complex carbohydrates, and milk, 13.3%, 19.9%, 22.8%, and 41.8% of the children ate more than 5 times per week. The eating habit score was positively correlated (r = 0.18, p < 0.05) with household income. This study suggests that nutrition education to increase fruit and vegetable consumption for preschool children should be emphasized. Also a nutrition education program is needed to enhance consuming calcium and iron intake for adequate growth.
Ascorbic Acid ; Breakfast ; Calcium ; Carbohydrates ; Child ; Child, Preschool* ; Eating* ; Education ; Energy Intake ; Family Characteristics ; Food Habits ; Fruit ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Head ; Humans ; Iron ; Milk ; Occupations ; Overweight ; Riboflavin ; Snacks ; Thiamine ; Thinness ; Thorax ; Vegetables ; Vitamin A ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Heart Valve Prosthesis* ; Heart Valves*

PURPOSE: To report a case of delayed-onset expulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage due to trauma after removal of a penetrating keratoplasty suture. CASE SUMMARY: A 66-year-old man had penetrating keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy performed in his left eye. After 1 year, the continuous suture was removed for adjustment of astigmatism. Four days after removal of the suture, the patient struck his left eye with the back of his hand, although at the time of injury he had no specific symptoms. Two days later, the patient noticed abrupt pain, decreased visual acuity, and massive hemorrhage in his left eye. Examination revealed an inferior wound dehiscence of approximately 8 clock hours (2 thru 10 o'clock) with prolapsed intraocular contents such as the uvea and retina. The patient underwent cornea graft resuturing with resection of ocular contents, which could not be repositioned. Although bleeding was controlled after the operation, vision was lost in his left eye. After two months, according to decrement of intraocular hematoma, the patient had a phthisis bulbi with low intraocular pressure in his left eye. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent low intraocular pressure due to wound leakage through the graft-host junction likely resulted in delayed onset of expulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage. The risk of traumatic corneal graft rupture after penetrating keratoplasty is significant and is associated with a poor visual outcome and eyeball viability. Therefore, patients should be cautioned. In addition, the importance of eye examination after trauma should be emphasized.
Aged ; Astigmatism ; Cornea ; Eye ; Hand ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Retina ; Rupture ; Sutures ; Transplants ; Uvea ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

Caring for a patient dying is a hardship not only for the health care professionals, but also for the direct family members. Everyone wants to die in peace. However, inevitable problems accompanied by pain, dyspnea, moist breathing, nausea and vomiting, restlessness jerking and twitching were commonly noted in the last phase of life. Terminal patients also experience increasing weakness and immobility, loss of interest in food and drink, difficulty in swallowing, and drowsiness during the last hours of life. Control of symptoms and family support are extremely important, and the actual nature of the primary illness takes less importance. This is a time when levels of anxiety, stress, and emotion can be high for patients, families, and other caregivers. Thus, it is important for the healthcare team to adopt sensitive and systematic approach to patients including documentation and communication of end-of-life issues. Hospice is the most ideal program for this purpose.
Anxiety ; Caregivers ; Deglutition ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dyspnea ; Hospices ; Humans ; Nausea ; Patient Care Team ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Respiration ; Sleep Stages ; Vomiting

Caring for a patient dying is a hardship not only for the health care professionals, but also for the direct family members. Everyone wants to die in peace. However, inevitable problems accompanied by pain, dyspnea, moist breathing, nausea and vomiting, restlessness jerking and twitching were commonly noted in the last phase of life. Terminal patients also experience increasing weakness and immobility, loss of interest in food and drink, difficulty in swallowing, and drowsiness during the last hours of life. Control of symptoms and family support are extremely important, and the actual nature of the primary illness takes less importance. This is a time when levels of anxiety, stress, and emotion can be high for patients, families, and other caregivers. Thus, it is important for the healthcare team to adopt sensitive and systematic approach to patients including documentation and communication of end-of-life issues. Hospice is the most ideal program for this purpose.
Anxiety ; Caregivers ; Deglutition ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dyspnea ; Hospices ; Humans ; Nausea ; Patient Care Team ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Respiration ; Sleep Stages ; Vomiting

No abstract available.